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Impact of peri-intraventricular haemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia in the neurodevelopment of preterms: A systematic review and meta-analysis


Autoři: Juliana Wendling Gotardo aff001;  Nathalia de Freitas Valle Volkmer aff002;  Guilherme Pucci Stangler aff003;  Alícia Dorneles Dornelles aff002;  Betânia Barreto de Athayde Bohrer aff002;  Clarissa Gutierrez Carvalho aff002
Působiště autorů: Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil aff001;  Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil aff002;  Department of Radiology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil aff003
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223427

Souhrn

Context

Whether all degrees of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and peri-intraventricular haemorrhage (PIVH) have a negative impact on neurodevelopment.

Objective

To determine the impact of PVL and PIVH in the incidence of cerebral palsy, sensorineural impairment and development scores in preterm neonates. Registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017073113).

Data sources

PubMed, Embase, SciELO, LILACS, and Cochrane databases.

Study selection

Prospective cohort studies evaluating neurodevelopment in children born preterm which performed brain imaging in the neonatal period.

Data extraction

Two independent researchers extracted data using a predesigned data extraction sheet.

Statistical methods

A random-effects model was used, with Mantel-Haenszel approach and a Sidik-Jonkman method for the estimation of variances, combined with Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman correction. Heterogeneity was assessed through the I2 statistic and sensitivity analysis were performed when possible. No funnel plots were generated but publication bias was discussed as a possible limitation.

Results

Our analysis concluded premature children with any degree of PIVH are at increased risk for cerebral palsy (CP) when compared to children with no PIVH (3.4, 95% CI 1.60–7.22; 9 studies), a finding that persisted on subgroup analysis for studies with mean birth weight of less than 1000 grams. Similarly, PVL was associated with CP, both in its cystic (19.12, 95% CI 4.57–79.90; 2 studies) and non-cystic form (9.27, 95% CI 5.93–14.50; 2 studies). We also found children with cystic PVL may be at risk for visual and hearing impairment compared to normal children, but evidence is weak.

Limitations

Major limitations were the lack of data for PVL in general, especially for the outcome of neurodevelopment, the high heterogeneity among methods used to assess neurodevelopment and the small number of studies, which led to meta-analysis with high heterogeneity and wide confidence intervals.

Conclusions

There was no evidence supporting the hypothesis that PIVH causes impairment in neuropsychomotor development in our meta-analysis, but review of newer studies show an increased risk for lower intelligence scores in children with severe lesions, both PIVH and PVL. There is evidence to support the hypothesis that children with any degree of PIVH, especially those born below 1000 grams and those with severe haemorrhage, are at increased risk of developing CP, as well as children with PVL, both cystic and non-cystic.

Klíčová slova:

Deafness – Infants – Neurodevelopment – Systematic reviews – Visual impairments – Cerebral palsy


Zdroje

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