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Quantitative assessment of plant-arthropod interactions in forest canopies: A plot-based approach


Autoři: Martin Volf aff001;  Petr Klimeš aff001;  Greg P. A. Lamarre aff001;  Conor M. Redmond aff001;  Carlo L. Seifert aff001;  Tomokazu Abe aff004;  John Auga aff005;  Kristina Anderson-Teixeira aff006;  Yves Basset aff001;  Saul Beckett aff007;  Philip T. Butterill aff001;  Pavel Drozd aff009;  Erika Gonzalez-Akre aff006;  Ondřej Kaman aff001;  Naoto Kamata aff010;  Benita Laird-Hopkins aff001;  Martin Libra aff001;  Markus Manumbor aff005;  Scott E. Miller aff012;  Kenneth Molem aff005;  Ondřej Mottl aff001;  Masashi Murakami aff004;  Tatsuro Nakaji aff013;  Nichola S. Plowman aff001;  Petr Pyszko aff009;  Martin Šigut aff009;  Jan Šipoš aff014;  Robert Tropek aff001;  George D. Weiblen aff017;  Vojtech Novotny aff001
Působiště autorů: Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic aff001;  German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany aff002;  Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic aff003;  Faculty of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan aff004;  New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Madang, Papua New Guinea aff005;  Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; Front Royal, VA, United States of America aff006;  ForestGEO, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama aff007;  Maestria de Entomologia, Universidad de Panama, Panama City, Panama aff008;  Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic aff009;  Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Furano, Japan aff010;  School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom aff011;  National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States of America aff012;  Tomakomai Experimental Forest, Hokkaido University, Tomakomai, Japan aff013;  Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic aff014;  Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic aff015;  Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic aff016;  Bell Museum and Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States of America aff017
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222119

Souhrn

Research on canopy arthropods has progressed from species inventories to the study of their interactions and networks, enhancing our understanding of how hyper-diverse communities are maintained. Previous studies often focused on sampling individual tree species, individual trees or their parts. We argue that such selective sampling is not ideal when analyzing interaction network structure, and may lead to erroneous conclusions. We developed practical and reproducible sampling guidelines for the plot-based analysis of arthropod interaction networks in forest canopies. Our sampling protocol focused on insect herbivores (leaf-chewing insect larvae, miners and gallers) and non-flying invertebrate predators (spiders and ants). We quantitatively sampled the focal arthropods from felled trees, or from trees accessed by canopy cranes or cherry pickers in 53 0.1 ha forest plots in five biogeographic regions, comprising 6,280 trees in total. All three methods required a similar sampling effort and provided good foliage accessibility. Furthermore, we compared interaction networks derived from plot-based data to interaction networks derived from simulated non-plot-based data focusing either on common tree species or a representative selection of tree families. All types of non-plot-based data showed highly biased network structure towards higher connectance, higher web asymmetry, and higher nestedness temperature when compared with plot-based data. Furthermore, some types of non-plot-based data showed biased diversity of the associated herbivore species and specificity of their interactions. Plot-based sampling thus appears to be the most rigorous approach for reconstructing realistic, quantitative plant-arthropod interaction networks that are comparable across sites and regions. Studies of plant interactions have greatly benefited from a plot-based approach and we argue that studies of arthropod interactions would benefit in the same way. We conclude that plot-based studies on canopy arthropods would yield important insights into the processes of interaction network assembly and dynamics, which could be maximised via a coordinated network of plot-based study sites.

Klíčová slova:

Ants – Arthropoda – Forests – Cherries – Interaction networks – Leaves – Trees – Herbivory


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