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Population extinctions driven by climate change, population size, and time since observation may make rare species databases inaccurate


Autoři: Thomas N. Kaye aff001;  Matt A. Bahm aff001;  Andrea S. Thorpe aff001;  Erin C. Gray aff001;  Ian Pfingsten aff003;  Chelsea Waddell aff004
Působiště autorů: Institute for Applied Ecology, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America aff001;  Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America aff002;  Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Program, Cherokee Nation Technology Solutions, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, FL, United States of America aff003;  Wildlife/Botany & Fisheries/Aquatics Data Coordinator, Branch of Biological Resources, United States Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office, Portland, OR, United States of America aff004
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210378

Souhrn

Loss of biological diversity through population extinctions is a global phenomenon that threatens many ecosystems. Managers often rely on databases of rare species locations to plan land use actions and conserve at-risk taxa, so it is crucial that the information they contain is accurate and dependable. However, small population sizes, long gaps between surveys, and climate change may be leading to undetected extinctions of many populations. We used repeated survey records for a rare but widespread orchid, Cypripedium fasciculatum (clustered lady’s slipper), to model population extinction risk based on elevation, population size, and time between observations. Population size and elevation were negatively associated with extinction, while extinction probability increased with time between observations. We interpret population losses at low elevations as a potential signal of climate change impacts. We used this model to estimate the probability of persistence of populations across California and Oregon, and found that 39%-52% of the 2415 populations reported in databases from this region are likely extinct. Managers should be aware that the number of populations of rare species in their databases is potentially an overestimate, and consider resurveying these populations to document their presence and condition, with priority given to older reports of small populations, especially those at low elevations or in other areas with high vulnerability to climate or land cover change.

Klíčová slova:

California – Climate change – Conservation science – Extinction risk – Fungi – Oregon – Population size – Species extinction


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