#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Megabenthic communities of the Ligurian deep continental shelf and shelf break (NW Mediterranean Sea)


Autoři: Francesco Enrichetti aff001;  Carlos Dominguez-Carrió aff002;  Margherita Toma aff001;  Giorgio Bavestrello aff001;  Federico Betti aff001;  Simonepietro Canese aff004;  Marzia Bo aff001
Působiště autorů: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy aff001;  Okeanos Research Centre, Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Oceanografia e Pesca, Horta, Portugal aff002;  IMAR Instituto do Mar, Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Oceanografia e Pesca, Horta, Portugal aff003;  Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Roma, Italy aff004
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223949

Souhrn

The Ligurian Sea is one of the most studied Mediterranean basins. Since the beginning of the last century, many research expeditions have characterized its benthic and pelagic fauna through scuba diving and trawl surveys. However, a large knowledge gap exists about the composition of benthic communities extending into the so-called mesophotic or twilight depth range, currently under intense pressure from commercial and recreational fishing. A series of visual surveys, carried out by means of remotely operated vehicles between 2012 and 2018, were conducted along the Ligurian deep continental shelf and shelf break, between 30 and 210 m depth, in order to characterize the main benthic biocoenoses dwelling at this depth range and to determine the most relevant environmental factors that explain their spatial distribution. Deep circalittoral communities of the Ligurian Sea were represented by a mixture of species belonging to the deepest extension of shallow-water habitats and deep circalittoral ones. Twelve major biocoenoses were identified, each one characterized by specific preferences in depth range, substrate type and seabed slope. Those biocoenoses included gorgonian and hydrozoan forests, dense keratose sponge grounds, Dendrophyllia cornigera gardens, bryozoan beds and soft-bottom meadows of sabellid polychaetes and soft-corals. Other less common aggregations included six forests of black corals and two populations of Paramuricea macrospina. A georeferenced database has been created in order to provide information to managers and stakeholders about the location of the identified communities and high-diversity areas, aiming to facilitate sustainable long-term conservation of the Ligurian benthic ecosystem.

Klíčová slova:

Biodiversity – Corals – Forests – Geographic distribution – Species diversity – Sponges – Mediterranean Sea – Large animals


Zdroje

1. Bertoloni A. Amoenitates italicae sistentes opuscula ad rem herbariam et zoologiam spectantia. Bononiae. Typis annesii de nobilius. MDCCCXIX; 1819. Latin.

2. Risso A. Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. F. G. Levrault Libraire; 1826. French.

3. Verany GB. Catalogo degli animali invertebrati marini del Golfo di Genova e Nizza. Guida di Genova, Ferrando. 1846. 3–30. Italian.

4. Cattaneo-Vietti R, Albertelli G, Aliani S, Bava S, Bavestrello G, Benedetti Cecchi L, et al. The Ligurian Sea: present status, problems and perspectives. Chemistry & Ecology. 2010;26: 319–340.

5. Tortonese E. Bionomia marina della regione costiera fra Punta della Chiappa e Portofino (Riviera Ligure di Levante). Archivio di Oceanografia e Limnologia. 1958;11: 167–210. Italian.

6. Tortonese E. Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza del benthos della scogliera ligure. Archivio di Oceanografia e Limnologia. 1961;12: 163–183. Italian

7. Balduzzi A, Bianchi CN, Cattaneo-Vietti, Cerrano C, Cocito S, Cotta S, et al. Primi lineamenti di bionomia bentica dell’Isola Gallinaria (Mar Ligure). In: Atti del 10° Congresso della Associazione italiana di Oceanologia e Limnologia, AIOL, Genova. 1994; 603–617. Italian.

8. Morri C, Bianchi CN, Damiani V, Peirano A, Romeo G, Tunesi L. L’ambiente marino tra Punta della Chiappa e Sestri Levante (Mar Ligure): profilo ecotipologico e proposta di carta bionomica. Bollettino Museale Istituto di Biologia Università di Genova. 1986;52: 213–231. Italian.

9. Issel R. Il benthos animale delle foglie di Posidonia studiato dal punto di vista bionomico. Zoologische Jahrbücher. 1912;33: 379–420. Italian.

10. Bianchi CN, Peirano A. Atlante delle fanerogame marine della Liguria. ENEA, Centro ricerche ambiente marino. 1995; pp. 146. Italian.

11. Montefalcone M, Albertelli G, Morri C, Bianchi CN. Urban seagrass: status of Posidonia oceanica facing the Genoa city waterfront (Italy) and implications for management. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2007;54: 206–213. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.10.005 17113606

12. Marchetti R. Ricerche sul corallo rosso della costa ligure e toscana. I. Distribuzione geografica. Istituto Lombardo di Scienze e Lettere. 1965;99: 255–278. Italian.

13. Rossi L. Influenza dei fattori ambientali sulla facies a Gorgonacei di Punta Mesco, Bollettino di Zoologia. 1965;32: 859–865. Italian.

14. Cocito S, Bedulli D, Sgorbini S. Distribution patterns of the sublittoral epibenthic assemblages on a rocky shoal in the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean). Scientia Marina. 2002;66: 175–181.

15. Diviacco G, Coppo S. Atlante degli habitat marini della Liguria: descrizione e cartografia delle praterie di Posidonia oceanica e dei principali popolamenti marini costieri. Regione Liguria. Servizio Parchi e Aree protette. Settore Ecosistema Costiero. 2006. Italian.

16. Brian A. La biologia del fondo a" Scampi" nel Mare Ligure. V. Aristeomorpha, Aristeus ed altri macruri natanti. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della Regia Università di Genova. 1931;11: 1–6. Italian.

17. Issel R. La fauna profonda del golfo di Genova dal punto di vista ecologico e pratico. Bollettino di Zoologia. 1932;3: 15–21. Italian.

18. Rossi L. Contributo allo studio della fauna di profondità vivente presso la Riviera ligure di Levante. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Suppl. Doriana. 1958;2: 1–13. Italian.

19. Relini-Orsi L, Relini G. Note sui crostacei decapodi batiali del Mar Ligure. Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell’Università di Genova. 1972;40: 47–73. Italian.

20. Fanelli E, Delbono I, Ivaldi R, Pratellesi M, Cocito S, Peirano A. Cold‐water coral Madrepora oculata in the eastern Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean): Historical and recent findings. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 2017;27: 965–975.

21. Enrichetti F, Bavestrello G, Coppari M, Betti F, Bo M. Placogorgia coronata first documented record in Italian waters: use the trawl by catch to unveil vulnerable deep-sea ecosystems. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 2018;28: 1123–1138. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.2930

22. Pérès JM, Picard J. (1964). Nouveau manuel de bionomie benthique de la mer Méditerranée. Recueil des Travaus de la Station Marine d'Endoume. 1964;31: 1–137. French.

23. Lesser MP, Slattery M, Leichter JJ. Ecology of mesophotic coral reefs. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 2009;1(375): 1–8.

24. Bo M, Bavestrello G, Canese S, Giusti M, Salvati E, Angiolillo M, et al. Characteristics of a black coral meadow in the twilight zone of the central Mediterranean Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 2009;397: 53–61.

25. Cerrano C, Danovaro R, Gambi C, Pusceddu A, Riva A, Schiaparelli S. Gold coral (Savalia savaglia) and gorgonian forests enhance benthic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in the mesophotic zone. Biodiversity and Conservation. 2010;19: 153–167.

26. Di Camillo CG, Boero F, Gravili C, Previati M, Torsani F, Cerrano C. Distribution, ecology and morphology of Lytocarpia myriophyllum (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa), a Mediterranean Sea habitat former to protect. Biodiversity and Conservation. 2013;22: 773–787.

27. Cánovas-Molina A, Montefalcone M, Vassallo P, Morri C, Bianchi CN, Bavestrello G. Combining literature review, acoustic mapping and in situ observations: an overview of coralligenous assemblages in Liguria (NW Mediterranean Sea). Scientia Marina. 2016;80: 7–16.

28. Gori A, Bavestrello G, Grinyó J, Dominguez-Carrió C, Ambroso S, Bo M. Animal forests in deep coastal bottoms and continental shelf of the Mediterranean Sea. In: Rossi S, Bramanti L, Gori A, Orejas C, editors. Marine animal forests: the ecology of benthic biodiversity hotspots. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland; 2017. pp. 207–233.

29. Rossi S, Bramanti L, Gori A, Orejas C. Marine animal forests: the ecology of benthic biodiversity hotspots. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland; 2017.

30. Buhl-Mortensen L, Vanreusel A, Gooday AJ, Levin LA, Priede IG, Buhl-Mortensen P, et al. Biological structures as a source of habitat heterogeneity and biodiversity on the deep ocean margins. Marine Ecology. 2010;31: 21–50.

31. Guizien K, Ghisalberti M. Living in the canopy of the animal forest: physical and biogeochemical aspects. In: Rossi S, Bramanti L, Gori A, Orejas C, editors. Marine animal forests: the ecology of benthic biodiversity hotspots. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland; 2017. pp. 507–528.

32. Bo M, Bavestrello G, Angiolillo M, Calcagnile L, Canese S, Cannas R, et al. Persistence of pristine deep-sea coral gardens in the Mediterranean Sea (SW Sardinia). PLoS One. 2015;10: e0119393. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119393 25790333

33. Gili JM, Coma R. Benthic suspension feeders: their paramount role in littoral marine food webs. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 1998;13: 316–321.

34. Rossi S, Coppari M, Viladrich N. Benthic-pelagic coupling: new perspectives in the animal forests. In: Rossi S, Bramanti L, Gori A, Orejas C, editors. Marine animal forests: the ecology of benthic biodiversity hotspots. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland; 2017. pp. 855–885.

35. Hiddink JG, Jennings S, Sciberras M, Szostek CL, Hughes KM, Ellis N, et al. Global analysis of depletion and recovery of seabed biota after bottom trawling disturbance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2017;114: 8301–8306. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1618858114 28716926

36. Marbà N, Jordà G, Agustí S, Girard C, Duarte CM. Footprints of climate change on Mediterranean Sea biota. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2015;2: 56. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2015.00056

37. Bo M, Bava S, Canese S, Angiolillo M, Cattaneo-Vietti R, Bavestrello G. Fishing impact on deep Mediterranean rocky habitats as revealed by ROV investigation. Biological Conservation. 2014;171: 167–176.

38. Pham CK, Ramirez-Llodra E, Alt CHS, Amaro T, Bergmann M, Canals M, et al. Marine litter distribution and density in European seas, from the shelves to deep basins. PLoS One. 2014;9: e95839. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095839 24788771

39. Cartes JE, Lo Iacono C, Mamouridis V, López-Pérez C, Rodríguez P. Geomorphological, trophic and human influences on the bamboo coral Isidella elongata assemblages in the deep Mediterranean: To what extent does Isidella form habitat for fish and invertebrates? Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 2013;76: 52–65.

40. Mytilineou C, Smith CJ, Anastasopoulou A, Papadopoulou KN, Christidis G, Bekas P, et al. New cold-water coral occurrences in the Eastern Ionian Sea: Results from experimental long line fishing. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 2014;99: 146–157.

41. Deidun A, Andaloro F, Bavestrello G, Canese S, Consoli P, Micallef A, et al. First characterization of a Leiopathes glaberrima (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia) forest in Maltese exploited fishing grounds. Italian Journal of Zoology. 2015;82: 271–280.

42. Bavestrello G, Cerrano C, Zanzi D, Cattaneo‐Vietti R. Damage by fishing activities to the Gorgonian coral Paramuricea clavata in the Ligurian Sea. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 1997;7: 253–262.

43. Clark MR, Althaus F, Schlacher TA, Williams A, Bowden DA, Rowden AA. The impacts of deep-sea fisheries on benthic communities: a review. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2015;73: 51–69.

44. Marliave JB, Conway KW, Gibbs DM, Lamb A, Gibbs C. Biodiversity and rockfish recruitment in sponge gardens and bioherms of southern British Columbia, Canada. Marine Biology. 2009;156: 2247–2254.

45. D’Onghia G, Maiorano P, Sion L, Giove A, Capezzuto F, Carlucci R, et al. Effects of deep-water coral banks on the abundance and size structure of the megafauna in the Mediterranean Sea. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 2010;57: 397–411.

46. Baillon S, Hamel JF, Mercier A. Diversity, distribution and nature of faunal associations with deep-sea pennatulacean corals in the Northwest Atlantic. PLoS One. 2014;9: e111519. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111519 25369515

47. Cau A, Follesa MC, Moccia D, Bellodi A, Mulas A, Bo M, et al. Leiopathes glaberrima millennial forest from SW Sardinia as nursery ground for the small spotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 2017;27: 731–735.

48. Fanucci F, Eva C, Cattaneo M, Firpo M, Piccazzo M. Tettonica e morfogenesi olocenica in Mar Ligure. Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana. 1989;42: 221–227.

49. Würtz M. Submarine canyons and their role in the Mediterranean ecosystem. Mediterranean Submarine Canyons. 2012.

50. Casella E, Molcard A, Provenzale A. Mesoscale vortices in the Ligurian Sea and their effect on coastal upwelling processes. Journal of Marine Systems. 2011;88: 12–19.

51. Harris PT, Whiteway T. Global distribution of large submarine canyons: Geomorphic differences between active and passive continental margins. Marine Geology. 2011;285: 69–86.

52. Astraldi M, Gasparini GP, Sparnocchia S. The seasonal and interannual variability in the Ligurian-Provençal Basin. In: La Violette PE, editor. Seasonal and interannual variability of the Western Mediterranean Sea. Coastal and Estuarine Studies. Washington DC, American Geophysical Union; 1994. pp. 93–113.

53. Millot C. Circulation in the western Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Marine Systems. 1999;20: 423–442. doi: 10.1016/S0924-7963(98)00078-5

54. Bassano E, Boniforti R, Pezzani A. Parametri meteorologici e idrologici. In: Peroni C, editor. Sistema informativo e di monitoraggio marino costiero della provincia della Spezia. ENEA, Rapp. Tec.; 2000. pp.17–55. Italian.

55. Attolini A, Coppo S. Misure di trasparenza nelle acque costiere liguri. Genova: Regione Liguria, Settore Opere Marittime ed Ecosistema Costiero. 2005. Italian.

56. Grinyó J, Gori A, Greenacre M, Requena S, Canepa A, Lo Iacono C, et al. Megabenthic assemblages in the continental shelf edge and upper slope of the Menorca Channel, Western Mediterranean Sea. Progress in Oceanography. 2018;162: 40–51.

57. Dominguez-Carrió C. ROV-based ecological study and management proposal for the offshore marine protected area of Cap de Creus (NW Mediterranean). PhD Thesis, Universitat de Barcelona. 2018.

58. Gori A, Rossi S, Berganzo E, Pretus JL, Dale MR, Gili JM. Spatial distribution patterns of the gorgonians Eunicella singularis, Paramuricea clavata, and Leptogorgia sarmentosa (Cape of Creus, North-western Mediterranean Sea). Marine Biology. 2011;158: 143–158.

59. QGIS Development Team. QGIS User Guide. 2016. Available from: http://www.qgis.org.

60. Jost L, DeVries P, Walla T, Greeney H, Chao A, Ricotta C. Partitioning diversity for conservation analyses. Diversity and Distributions. 2010;16: 65–76.

61. Maechler M, Rousseeuw P, Struyf A, Hornik K, Studer M, Roudier P, et al. Package cluster: “Finding groups in data”: Cluster analysis Extended Rousseeuw et al. CRAN repository. 2017.

62. Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Kindt R, Legendre P, Minchin PR, O’Hara RB, et al. Package “vegan”, version 2.3–5. CRAN repository. 2016.

63. Dufrêne M, Legendre P. Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach. Ecological monographs. 1997;67: 345–366. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9615(1997)067[0345:SAAIST]2.0.CO;2

64. Roberts DW. Labdsv: Ordination and Multivariate Analysis for Ecology. R Package Version 1.8–0. 2016.

65. Fabri MC, Pedel L, Beuck L, Galgani F, Hebbeln D, Freiwald A. Megafauna of vulnerable marine ecosystems in French Mediterranean submarine canyons. Spatial distribution and anthropogenic impacts. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. 2014;104: 184–207.

66. Pierdomenico M, Cardone F, Carluccio A, Casalbore D, Chiocci F, Maiorano P, et al. Megafauna distribution along active submarine canyons of the central Mediterranean: Relationships with environmental variables. Progress in Oceanography. 2019;171: 49–69.

67. Bo M, Canese S, Spaggiari C, Pusceddu A, Bertolino M, Angiolillo M, et al. Deep Coral Oases in the South Tyrrhenian Sea. PLoS ONE. 2012;7: e49870. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049870 23185468

68. De la Torriente A, Serrano A, Fernández-Salas LM, García M, Aguilar R. Identifying epibenthic habitats on the Seco de los Olivos Seamount: Species assemblages and environmental characteristics. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 2018;135: 9–22.

69. Ballesteros E. Mediterranean coralligenous assemblages: a synthesis of present knowledge. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review. 2006;44: 123–195.

70. Rovere A, Parravicini V, Firpo M, Morri C, Albertelli G, Bianchi CN. Emergenze naturalistiche dell’Area Marina Protetta di Bergeggi (SV): Integrazione di aspetti biologici, ecologici e geomorfologici. Biologia Marina Mediterranea. 2007;142: 86–87. Italian.

71. Betti F, Bo M, Bava S, Faimali M, Bavestrello G. Shallow-water sea fans: the exceptional assemblage of Leptogorgia sarmentosa (Anthozoa: Gorgoniidae) in the Genoa harbour (Ligurian Sea). The European Zoological Journal. 2018;85: 290–298.

72. Topçu NE, Martell LF, Yilmaz IN, Isinibilir M. Benthic Hydrozoans as Potential Indicators of Water Masses and Anthropogenic Impact in the Sea of Marmara. Mediterranean Marine Science. 2018;19: 273–283.

73. Sartoretto S, Francour P. Bathymetric distribution and growth rates of Eunicella verrucosa (Cnidaria: Gorgoniidae) populations along the Marseilles coast (France). Scientia Marina. 2011;76: 349–355.

74. Linares C, Coma R, Garrabou J, Díaz D, Zabala M. Size distribution, density and disturbance in two Mediterranean gorgonians: Paramuricea clavata and Eunicella singularis. Journal of Applied Ecology. 2008;45: 688–699.

75. Sini M, Kipson S, Linares C, Koutsoubas D, Garrabou J. The yellow gorgonian Eunicella cavolini: demography and disturbance levels across the Mediterranean Sea. PLoS One. 2015;10: e0126253. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126253 25942319

76. Grinyó J, Gori A, Ambroso S, Purroy A, Calatayud C, Dominguez-Carrió C, et al. Diversity, distribution and population size structure of deep Mediterranean gorgonian assemblages (Menorca Channel, Western Mediterranean Sea). Progress in Oceanography. 2016;145: 42–56.

77. Enrichetti F, Bava S, Bavestrello G, Betti F, Lanteri L, Bo M. Artisanal fishing impact on deep coralligenous animal forests: a Mediterranean case study of marine vulnerability. Ocean & Coastal Management. 2019;177: 112–126

78. Bavestrello G, Bo M, Bertolino M, Betti F, Cattaneo‐Vietti R. Long‐term comparison of structure and dynamics of the red coral metapopulation of the Portofino Promontory (Ligurian Sea): a case‐study for a Marine Protected Area in the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Ecology. 2015;36: 1354–1363.

79. Cattaneo-Vietti R, Bo M, Cannas R, Cau A, Follesa C, Meliadò E, et al. An overexploited Italian treasure: past and present distribution and exploitation of the precious red coral Corallium rubrum (L., 1758) (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Italian Journal of Zoology. 2016;83: 443–455.

80. Bavestrello G, Bo M, Canese S, Sandulli R, Cattaneo-Vietti R. The red coral populations of the gulfs of Naples and Salerno: human impact and deep mass mortalities. Italian Journal of Zoology. 2014;81: 552–563.

81. Angiolillo M, Gori A, Canese S, Bo M, Priori C, Bavestrello G, et al. Distribution and population structure of deep‐dwelling red coral in the Northwest Mediterranean. Marine Ecology. 2016;37: 294–310.

82. Bianchi CN, Morri C, Pronzato R. The other side of rarity: recent habitat expansion and increased abundance of the horny sponge Ircinia retidermata (Demospongiae: Dictyoceratida) in the southeast Aegean. Italian Journal of Zoology. 2014;81: 564–570.

83. Idan T, Shefer S, Feldstein T, Yahel R, Huchon D, Iian M. Shedding light on an East-Mediterranean mesophotic sponge ground community and the regional sponge fauna. Mediterranean Marine Science. 2018;9: 84–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.13853

84. Voultsiadou E, Vafidis D, Antoniadou C. Sponges of economical interest in the Eastern Mediterranean: an assessment of diversity and population density. Journal of Natural History. 2008;42: 529–543. doi: 10.1080/00222930701835506

85. Kefalas E, Tsirtsis G, Castritsi-Catharios J. Distribution and ecology of Demospongiae from the circalittoral of the islands of the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean). Hydrobiology. 2003;499: 125–134.

86. Bertolino M, Cerrano C, Bavestrello G, Carella M, Pansini M, Calcinai B. Diversity of Porifera in the Mediterranean coralligenous accretions, with description of a new species. ZooKeys. 2013;336: 1–37.

87. Santín A, Grinyó J, Ambroso S, Uriz MJ, Gori A, Dominguez-Carrió C, et al. Sponge assemblages on the deep Mediterranean continental shelf and slope (Menorca Channel, Western Mediterranean Sea). Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 2018;131: 75–86.

88. Pavloudi C, Christodoulou M, Mavidis M (2016). Macrofaunal assemblages associated with the sponge Sarcotragus foetidus Schmidt, 1862 (Porifera: Demospongiae) at the coasts of Cyprus and Greece. Biodiversity Data Journal. 2016;4: e8210.

89. Pita L, Rix L, Slaby BM, Franke A, Hentschel U. The sponge holobiont in a changing ocean: from microbes to ecosystems. Microbiome. 2018;6: 1–18. doi: 10.1186/s40168-017-0383-2

90. Papatheodoulou M, Jimenez C, Petrou A, Thasitis I. Endobiotic communities of Marine Sponges in Cyprus (Levantine Sea). Heliyon. 2019;5: e01392. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01392 30976679

91. Maldonado M, Aguilar R, Bannister RJ, Bell JJ, Conway KW, Dayton PK, et al. Sponge grounds as key marine habitats: a synthetic review of types, structure, functional roles, and conservation concerns. In: Rossi S, Bramanti L, Gori A, Orejas C, editors. Marine animal forests: the ecology of benthic biodiversity hotspots. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland; 2017. pp. 145–183.

92. Coppari M, Gori A, Rossi S. Size, spatial, and bathymetrical distribution of the ascidian Halocynthia papillosa in Mediterranean coastal bottoms: benthic–pelagic coupling implications. Marine Biology. 2014;161: 2079–2095.

93. Lombardi C, Taylor PD, Cocito S. Bryozoan constructions in a changing Mediterranean Sea. In: The Mediterranean Sea. Springer, Dordrecht. 2014. pp. 373–384.

94. Wood AL, Probert PK, Rowden AA, Smith AM. Complex habitat generated by marine bryozoans: a review of its distribution, structure, diversity, threats and conservation. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems. 2012;22: 547–563.

95. Cocito S, Sgorbini S, Bianchi CN. Aspects of the biology of the bryozoan Pentapora fascialis in the northwestern Mediterranean. Marine Biology. 1998;131: 73–82.

96. Lombardi C, Cocito S, Occhipinti-Ambrogi A, Porter JS. Distribution and morphological variation of colonies of the bryozoan Pentapora fascialis (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) along the western coast of Italy. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 2008;88: 711–717.

97. Rossi L. Celenterati del Golfo di Rapallo (Riviera Ligure). Bollettino dell’Istituto e Museo di Zoologia dell’Università di Torino. 1950;2: 193–235.

98. Cerrano C, Bianchelli S, Di Camillo CG, Torsani F, Pusceddu A. Do colonies of Lytocarpia myriophyllum, L. 1758 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) affect the biochemical composition and the meiofaunal diversity of surrounding sediments? Chemistry and Ecology. 2015;31: 1–21.

99. Bo M, Bertolino M, Bavestrello G, Canese S, Giusti M, Angiolillo M, et al. Role of deep sponge grounds in the Mediterranean Sea: a case study in southern Italy. Hydrobiologia. 2012;687: 163–177.

100. Weinberg S. Revision of the common Octocorallia of the Mediterranean circalittoral II. Alcyonacea. Beaufortia. 1977;25: 131–166.

101. Vafidis D, Koukouras A, Voultsiadou-Koukoura E. Octocoral fauna of the Aegean Sea with a check list of the Mediterranean species: new information, faunal comparisons. Annales de l'Institut océanographique. Monaco. Impr. de Monaco. 1994;70: 217–230.

102. Fava F, Ponti M. Distribuzione geografica di Maasella edwardsi e Paralcyonium spinulosum (Octocorallia: Paralcyoniidae). Biologia Marina Mediterranea. 2007;14: 180–181.

103. Bo M, Bertolino M, Borghini M, Castellano M, Harriague AC, Di Camillo CG, et al. Characteristics of the mesophotic megabenthic assemblages of the Vercelli seamount (North Tyrrhenian Sea). PLoS One. 2011;6: e16357. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016357 21304906

104. Topçu EN, Öztürk B. Composition and abundance of octocorals in the Sea of Marmara, where the Mediterranean meets the Black Sea. Scientia Marina. 2015;79: 125–135.

105. Weinberg S. Autecology of shallow-water Octocorallia from Mediterranean rocky substrata, I. The Banyuls area. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde. 1979;49: 1–15.

106. Riera R, Delgado JD, Rodríguez M, Monterroso O, Ramos E. Macrofaunal communities of threatened subtidal maërl seabeds on Tenerife (Canary Islands, north-east Atlantic Ocean) in summer. Acta Oceanologica Sinica. 2012;31: 98–105.

107. Pedel L, Fabri MC. Description et cartographie des biocénoses benthiques rencontrées au cours de la campagne MEDSEACAN. Convention 11/1219231/N, 2011. pp. 109.

108. Petović S, Marković O, Ikica Z, Đurović M, Joksimović A. Effects of bottom trawling on the benthic assemblages in the south Adriatic Sea (Montenegro). Acta Adriatica. 2016;57: 81–92.

109. Chimienti G, Maiorano P, Mastrototaro F. Pennatula rubra facies in the Ionian Sea (Central Mediterranean). Biologia Marina Mediterranea. 2015;22: 76–80.

110. Chimienti G, Angeletti L, Rizzo L, Tursi A, Mastrototaro F. ROV vs trawling approaches in the study of benthic communities: the case of Pennatula rubra (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 2018;98: 1859–1869.

111. Bastari A, Pica D, Ferretti F, Micheli F, Cerrano C. Sea pens in the Mediterranean Sea: habitat suitability and opportunities for ecosystem recovery. ICES Journal of Marine Science. 2018;75: 1722–1732.

112. Bo M, Tazioli S, Spanò N, Bavestrello G. Antipathella subpinnata (Antipatharia, Myriopathidae) in Italian seas. Italian Journal of Zoology. 2008;75: 185–195.

113. Bo M, Bavestrello G. Drop Chapter Mediterranean Black Coral Communities. In: Orejas C, Jiménez C, editors. Mediterranean Cold-Water Corals: Past, Present and Future. Coral Reefs of the World 9, Springer International Publishing; 2019.

114. Pica D, Calcinai B, Poliseno A, Trainito E, Cerrano C. Distribution and phenotypic variability of the Mediterranean gorgonian Paramuricea macrospina (Cnidaria: Octocorallia). The European Zoological Journal. 2018;85: 392–408.

115. Hinz H. Impact of bottom fishing on animal forests: science, conservation, and fisheries management. In: Rossi S., Bramanti L., Gori A., Orejas C. (Eds.). In: Rossi S, Bramanti L, Gori A, Orejas C, editors. Marine animal forests: the ecology of benthic biodiversity hotspots. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland; 2017. pp. 1041–1060.

116. Aguilar R, Perry AL, López J. Conservation and Management of Vulnerable Marine Benthic Ecosystems. In: Rossi S, Bramanti L, Gori A, Orejas C, editors. Marine animal forests: the ecology of benthic biodiversity hotspots. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland; 2017. pp. 1165–1207.

117. Otero MM, Numa C, Bo M, Orejas C, Garrabou J, Cerrano C, et al. Overview of the Conservation status of Mediterranean Anthozoans. Málaga: IUCN; 2017. pp. 73.


Článek vyšel v časopise

PLOS One


2019 Číslo 10
Nejčtenější tento týden
Nejčtenější v tomto čísle
Kurzy

Zvyšte si kvalifikaci online z pohodlí domova

KOST
Koncepce osteologické péče pro gynekology a praktické lékaře
nový kurz
Autoři: MUDr. František Šenk

Sekvenční léčba schizofrenie
Autoři: MUDr. Jana Hořínková

Hypertenze a hypercholesterolémie – synergický efekt léčby
Autoři: prof. MUDr. Hana Rosolová, DrSc.

Svět praktické medicíny 5/2023 (znalostní test z časopisu)

Imunopatologie? … a co my s tím???
Autoři: doc. MUDr. Helena Lahoda Brodská, Ph.D.

Všechny kurzy
Kurzy Podcasty Doporučená témata Časopisy
Přihlášení
Zapomenuté heslo

Zadejte e-mailovou adresu, se kterou jste vytvářel(a) účet, budou Vám na ni zaslány informace k nastavení nového hesla.

Přihlášení

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte se

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#