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Variation in methods, results and reporting in electronic health record-based studies evaluating routine care in gout: A systematic review


Autoři: Samantha S. R. Crossfield aff001;  Lana Yin Hui Lai aff001;  Sarah R. Kingsbury aff001;  Paul Baxter aff003;  Owen Johnson aff004;  Philip G. Conaghan aff001;  Mar Pujades-Rodriguez aff005
Působiště autorů: Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom aff001;  NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, United Kingdom aff002;  Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom aff003;  School of Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom aff004;  Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom aff005
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224272

Souhrn

Objective

To perform a systematic review examining the variation in methods, results, reporting and risk of bias in electronic health record (EHR)-based studies evaluating management of a common musculoskeletal disease, gout.

Methods

Two reviewers systematically searched MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar for all EHR-based studies published by February 2019 investigating gout pharmacological treatment. Information was extracted on study design, eligibility criteria, definitions, medication usage, effectiveness and safety data, comprehensiveness of reporting (RECORD), and Cochrane risk of bias (registered PROSPERO CRD42017065195).

Results

We screened 5,603 titles/abstracts, 613 full-texts and selected 75 studies including 1.9M gout patients. Gout diagnosis was defined in 26 ways across the studies, most commonly using a single diagnostic code (n = 31, 41.3%). 48.4% did not specify a disease-free period before ‘incident’ diagnosis. Medication use was suboptimal and varied with disease definition while results regarding effectiveness and safety were broadly similar across studies despite variability in inclusion criteria. Comprehensiveness of reporting was variable, ranging from 73% (55/75) appropriately discussing the limitations of EHR data use, to 5% (4/75) reporting on key data cleaning steps. Risk of bias was generally low.

Conclusion

The wide variation in case definitions and medication-related analysis among EHR-based studies has implications for reported medication use. This is amplified by variable reporting comprehensiveness and the limited consideration of EHR-relevant biases (e.g. data adequacy) in study assessment tools. We recommend accounting for these biases and performing a sensitivity analysis on case definitions, and suggest changes to assessment tools to foster this.

Klíčová slova:

Data management – Diagnostic medicine – Drug therapy – Electronic medical records – Gout – Longitudinal studies – Nephrology – Systematic reviews


Zdroje

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