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Caesarean section delivery and childhood obesity in a British longitudinal cohort study


Autoři: Gwinyai Masukume aff001;  Ali S. Khashan aff001;  Susan M. B. Morton aff004;  Philip N. Baker aff005;  Louise C. Kenny aff006;  Fergus P. McCarthy aff001
Působiště autorů: INFANT Research Centre, Cork, Ireland aff001;  Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland aff002;  School of Public Health, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland aff003;  Centre for Longitudinal Research–He Ara ki Mua, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand aff004;  College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, England, United Kingdom aff005;  Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England, United Kingdom aff006;  Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, England, United Kingdom aff007
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223856

Souhrn

Background

Several studies reported an association between Caesarean section (CS) birth and childhood obesity. However, there are several limitations in the current literature. These include an inability to distinguish between planned and emergency CS, small study sample sizes and not adjusting for pre-pregnancy body-mass-index (BMI). We examined the association between CS delivery and childhood obesity using the United Kingdom Millennium Cohort Study (MCS).

Methods

Mother-infant pairs were recruited into the MCS. Use of sampling weights ensured the sample was representative of the population. The exposure was categorised as normal vaginal delivery (VD) [reference], assisted VD, planned CS and emergency CS. Childhood obesity prevalence, at age three, five, seven, eleven and fourteen years was calculated using the International Obesity Taskforce criteria. Mixed-effects linear regression models were fitted with associations adjusted for several potential confounders like maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, education and infant macrosomia. Linear regression models were fitted evaluating body fat percentage (BF%), at age seven and fourteen years.

Results

Of the 18,116 infants, 3872 (21.4%) were delivered by CS; 9.2% by planned CS. Obesity prevalence was 5.4%, 5.7%, 6.5%, 7.1% and 7.6% at age three, five, seven, eleven and fourteen years respectively. The mixed-effects linear regression model showed no association between planned (adjusted mean difference = 0.00; [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.10; 0.10], p-value = 0.97) or emergency CS (adjusted mean difference = 0.08; [95% CI -0.01; 0.17], p-value = 0.09) and child BMI. At age seven years, there was no association between planned CS and BF% (adjusted mean difference = 0.13; [95% CI -0.23; 0.49]); there was no association at age fourteen years.

Conclusions

Infants born by planned CS did not have a significantly higher BMI or BF% compared to those born by normal VD. This may suggest that the association, described in the literature, could be due to the indications/reasons for CS birth or residual confounding.

Klíčová slova:

Adipose tissue – Body Mass Index – Cohort studies – Childhood obesity – Infants – Labor and delivery – Obesity


Zdroje

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