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Sociodemographic changes and trends in the rates of new perinatal HIV diagnoses and transmission in Spain from 1997 to 2015


Autoři: Santiago Jiménez de Ory aff001;  José Tomas Ramos aff002;  Claudia Fortuny aff003;  María Isabel González-Tomé aff004;  Maria José Mellado aff005;  David Moreno aff007;  César Gavilán aff009;  Ana Isabel Menasalvas aff011;  Ana Isabel Piqueras aff012;  M. Antoinette Frick aff013;  Maria Angeles Muñoz-Fernández aff016;  Maria Luisa Navarro aff018
Působiště autorů: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IisGM), CoRISpe, Madrid, Spain aff001;  Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain aff002;  Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues del Llobregat, Spain aff003;  Servicio de Infecciosas Pediátricas, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain aff004;  Pediatrics, Immunodeficiencies and Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain aff005;  Translational Research Network in Pediatric Infectious Diseases (RITIP), Madrid, Spain aff006;  Department of Pediatrics, Regional Maternal-Child University Hospital, Malaga, Spain aff007;  IBIMA Multidisciplinary Group for Pediatric Research, Malaga, Spain, Malaga University, Malaga, Spain aff008;  Department of Paediatrics, University Clinical Hospital of San Juan de Alicante, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain aff009;  Department of Paediatrics, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Campus of Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain aff010;  Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, España aff011;  Department of Pediatric Surgery, and Department of Pediatrics, Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain aff012;  Tropical Medicine and International Health Unit. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain aff013;  Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain aff014;  PROSICS Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain aff015;  Section Immunology, Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain aff016;  Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain, Spanish HIV HGM BioBank, Madrid, Spain aff017;  Sección de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Medical School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Translational Research Network in Ped aff018
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223536

Souhrn

Background

There are not enough nationwide studies on perinatal HIV transmission in connection with a combination of antiretroviral treatments in Spain. Our objectives were to study sociodemographic changes and trends in the rates of HIV diagnoses and perinatal transmission in Spain from 1997 to 2015.

Methods

A retrospective study using data from Spanish Paediatric HIV Network (CoRISpe) and Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set (MDBS) was performed. HIV- diagnosed children between 1997 and 2015 were selected. Sociodemographic, clinical and immunovirological data of HIV-infected children and their mothers were studied in four calendar periods (P1: 1997–2000; P2: 2001–2005; P3: 2006–2010; P4: 2011–2015). Rates of perinatal HIV diagnoses and transmission from 1997 to 2015 were calculated.

Results

A total of 532 HIV-infected children were included in this study. Of these children, 406 were Spanish (76.3%) and 126 immigrants (23.7%). A decrease in the number of HIV diagnoses, 203 (38.2%) children in the first (P1), 149 (28%) in the second (P2), 130 (24.4%) in the third (P3) and 50 (9.4%) in the fourth (P4) calendar periods was studied. The same decrease in the Spanish HIV-infected children (P1, 174 (46.6%), P2, 115 (30.8%), P3, 65 (17.4%) and P4, 19 (5.1%)) was monitored. However, an increase in the number of HIV diagnoses by sexual contact (P1: 0%; P2: 1.3%; P3: 4.6%; P4: 16%) was observed. The rates of new perinatal HIV diagnoses and perinatal transmission in Spanish children decreased from 0.167 to 0.005 per 100,000 inhabitants and 11.4% to 0.4% between 1997 and 2015, respectively.

Conclusions

A decline of perinatal HIV diagnoses and transmission was observed. However, an increase of teen-agers HIV diagnoses with sexual infection was studied. Public awareness campaigns directed to teen-agers are advisable to prevent HIV infection by sexual contact.

Klíčová slova:

HIV diagnosis and management – HIV epidemiology – Labor and delivery – Mothers – Pregnancy – Spain – Spanish people


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