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Detection of vision and /or hearing loss using the interRAI Community Health Assessment aligns well with common behavioral vision/hearing measurements


Autoři: Andrea Urqueta Alfaro aff001;  Dawn M. Guthrie aff003;  Natalie A. Phillips aff005;  M. Kathleen Pichora-Fuller aff006;  Paul Mick aff007;  Cathy McGraw aff008;  Walter Wittich aff001
Působiště autorů: School of Optometry, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada aff001;  Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation du Montréal Métropolitain, Montréal, Quebec, Canada aff002;  Department of Kinesiology & Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada aff003;  Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada aff004;  Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada aff005;  Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada aff006;  Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada aff007;  CRIR/Lethbridge-Layton-Mackay Rehabilitation Centre of West-Central Montreal,Montréal, Quebec, Canada aff008;  CRIR/Institut Nazareth et Louis-Braille du CISSS de la Montérégie-Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada aff009
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223123

Souhrn

This study’s main objective was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the interRAI Community Health Assessment (CHA) for detecting the presence of vision loss (VL), hearing loss (HL) or both (Dual Sensory Loss, DSL) when compared against performance-based measures of vision and hearing. The interRAI CHA and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were administered to 200 adults (61+ years of age) who had VL, HL or DSL. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of the interRAI CHA for detecting sensory impairments using as the gold standard performance based measurements of hearing (pure-tone audiogram) and vision (distance acuity) as determined from the rehabilitation centre record. Results were divided according to participants’ cognitive status, as measured by the MoCA and the Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS, embedded within the interRAI CHA). Overall, sensitivity was 100% for VL, 97.1% for HL, and 96.9% for DSL. Specificity was at least 93% in all three groups. In participants who failed the MoCA (i.e., at risk of mild cognitive impairment), the sensitivity was 100% for VL, 96.8% for HL and 96.2% for DSL; in those who were not at risk, the sensitivity was 100% for VL, and 97.4% for HL and DSL. In participants classified by the CPS as borderline intact or mild cognitively impaired, sensitivity was 100% in all groups; in those classified as cognitively intact, sensitivity was 100% for VL, 97.0% for HL, and 96.8% for DSL. These results suggest that the interRAI CHA detects VL, HL, and DSL in high agreement with performance-based measurements of vision and hearing. The interRAI CHA shows high accuracy even in participants with mild cognitive difficulties. Since results were found in a specific population of older rehabilitation clients who all had sensory difficulties, further research is needed to understand its role in screening in other more diverse groups.

Klíčová slova:

Cognitive impairment – Deafness – Elderly – Eyes – Vision – Visual acuity – Visual impairments – Hearing


Zdroje

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