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The effects of diurnal intermittent fasting on proinflammatory cytokine levels while controlling for sleep/wake pattern, meal composition and energy expenditure


Autoři: Aljohara S. Almeneessier aff001;  Abdulrahman A. BaHammam aff003;  Mohammed Alzoghaibi aff004;  Awad H. Olaish aff002;  Samar Z. Nashwan aff002;  Ahmed S. BaHammam aff002
Působiště autorů: Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia aff001;  University Sleep Disorders Center, College of Medicine, King Sau University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia aff002;  King Abdulaziz & his companies Foundation for giftedness & creativity, Manarat Al Riyadh School, Ministry of Education, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia aff003;  Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia aff004;  The Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences and Technology and Innovation, Saudi Arabia (MED511-02-08), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia aff005
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226034

Souhrn

Purpose

This study aimed to assess the effect of diurnal intermittent fasting (DIF) during and outside of the month of Ramadan on plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, while controlling for sleep/wake pattern, sleep length and quality, meal composition, energy consumption and expenditure, and light exposure. DIF outside of the month of Ramadan was performed to evaluate the effect of DIF in the absence of the way of life accompanying Ramadan.

Methods

Twelve healthy male volunteers with a mean age of 25.1 ± 2.5 years arrived to the sleep laboratory on 4 times: 1) adaptation, 5 weeks before Ramadan; 2) 4 weeks before Ramadan while performing DIF for 1 week (fasting outside of Ramadan; FOR); 3) 1 week before Ramadan (non-fasting baseline; non-fasting BL); and 4) After completing 2 weeks of Ramadan while performing DIF. Plasma levels of cytokines were assessed using enzyme-linked immunoassays at 22:00, 02:00, 04:00, 06:00, and 11:00.

Results

During DIF, there was a significant decrease in the levels of cytokines, particularly, IL-1β and IL-6, in most measurements compared to non-fasting BL. This reduction was more obvious during the FOR period. There were no significant changes in the circadian phase of the measured cytokines reflected by the acrophase of the measured variables during fasting (FOR and Ramadan) compared to non-fasting BL.

Conclusion

Under controlled conditions, DIF led to significantly decreased plasma levels of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8), particularly IL-1β and IL-6 across 24 h. DIF had no effect on the circadian patterns of the measured cytokines as shown by cosinor analysis.

Klíčová slova:

Bioenergetics – Biomarkers – Circadian rhythms – Cytokines – Chronobiology – Inflammatory diseases – Sleep – Sunset


Zdroje

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