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Applying circuit theory and landscape linkage maps to reintroduction planning for California Condors


Autoři: Jesse D’Elia aff001;  Joseph Brandt aff002;  L. Joseph Burnett aff003;  Susan M. Haig aff004;  Jeff Hollenbeck aff005;  Steve Kirkland aff002;  Bruce G. Marcot aff006;  Arianna Punzalan aff007;  Christopher J. West aff008;  Tiana Williams-Claussen aff008;  Rachel Wolstenholme aff010;  Rich Young aff001
Působiště autorů: Pacific Regional Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon, United States of America aff001;  California Condor Recovery Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ventura, California, United States of America aff002;  Ventana Wildlife Society, Monterey, California, United States of America aff003;  Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America aff004;  The Northwest Habitat Institute, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America aff005;  Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Portland, Oregon, United States of America aff006;  Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America aff007;  Wildlife Program, Yurok Tribe, Klamath, California, United States of America aff008;  Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California, United States of America aff009;  Pinnacles National Park, U.S. National Park Service, Paicines, California, United States of America aff010
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226491

Souhrn

Conservation practitioners are increasingly looking to species translocations as a tool to recover imperiled taxa. Quantitative predictions of where animals are likely to move when released into new areas would allow managers to better address the social, institutional, and ecological dimensions of conservation translocations. Using >5 million California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) occurrence locations from 75 individuals, we developed and tested circuit-based models to predict condor movement away from release sites. We found that circuit-based models of electrical current were well calibrated to the distribution of condor movement data in southern and central California (continuous Boyce Index = 0.86 and 0.98, respectively). Model calibration was improved in southern California when additional nodes were added to the circuit to account for nesting and feeding areas, where condor movement densities were higher (continuous Boyce Index = 0.95). Circuit-based projections of electrical current around a proposed release site in northern California comported with the condor’s historical distribution and revealed that, initially, condor movements would likely be most concentrated in northwestern California and southwest Oregon. Landscape linkage maps, which incorporate information on landscape resistance, complement circuit-based models and aid in the identification of specific avenues for population connectivity or areas where movement between populations may be constrained. We found landscape linkages in the Coast Range and the Sierra Nevada provided the most connectivity to a proposed reintroduction site in northern California. Our methods are applicable to conservation translocations for other species and are flexible, allowing researchers to develop multiple competing hypotheses when there are uncertainties about landscape or social attractants, or uncertainties in the landscape conductance surface.

Klíčová slova:

California – Conservation science – Electrical circuits – Habitats – Linkage mapping – Mountains – Oregon – Valleys


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