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Microbial diversity and mineral composition of weathered serpentine rock of the Khalilovsky massif


Autoři: Irina V. Khilyas aff001;  Alyona V. Sorokina aff001;  Anna A. Elistratova aff001;  Maria I. Markelova aff001;  Maria N. Siniagina aff001;  Margarita R. Sharipova aff001;  Tatyana A. Shcherbakova aff002;  Megan E. D’Errico aff003;  Michael F. Cohen aff004
Působiště autorů: Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation aff001;  FSUE Central Research Institute of Geology of Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Kazan, Russian Federation aff002;  School of Science and Technology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA, United States of America aff003;  Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA, United States of America aff004
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225929

Souhrn

Endolithic microbial communities survive nutrient and energy deficient conditions while contributing to the weathering of their mineral substrate. This study examined the mineral composition and microbial communities of fully serpentinized weathered rock from 0.1 to 6.5 m depth at a site within the Khalilovsky massif, Orenburg Region, Southern Ural Mountains, Russia. The mineral composition includes a major content of serpentinite family (mostly consisting of lizardite and chrysotile), magnesium hydrocarbonates (hydromagnesite with lesser amounts of hydrotalcite and pyroaurite) concentrated in the upper layers, and clay minerals. We found that the deep-seated weathered serpentinites are chrysotile-type minerals, while the middle and surface serpentinites mostly consist of lizardite and chrysotile types. Microbial community analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, showed a similar diversity of phyla throughout the depth profile. The dominant bacterial phyla were the Actinobacteria (of which unclassified genera in the orders Acidimicrobiales and Actinomycetales were most numerous), Chloroflexi (dominated by an uncultured P2-11E order) and the Proteobacteria (predominantly class Betaproteobacteria). Densities of several groups of bacteria were negatively correlated with depth. Occurrence of the orders Actinomycetales, Gaiellales, Solirubrobacterales, Rhizobiales and Burkholderiales were positively correlated with depth. Our findings show that endolithic microbial communities of the Khalilovsky massif have similar diversity to those of serpentine soils and rocks, but are substantially different from those of the aqueous environments of actively serpentinizing systems.

Klíčová slova:

Actinobacteria – Bacteria – Geochemistry – Magnesium – Mineralogy – Minerals – Ribosomal RNA – X-ray diffraction


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