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Kyasanur Forest Disease vaccination coverage and its perceived barriers in Goa, India—A mixed methods operational research


Autoři: Annet Oliveira aff001;  Kalaiselvi Selvaraj aff002;  Jaya Prasad Tripathy aff002;  Utkarsh Betodkar aff004;  Jagadish Cacodcar aff005;  Abhijit Wadkar aff006
Působiště autorů: Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme, Directorate of Health Services, Panaji, Goa, India aff001;  All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India aff002;  International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France aff003;  State Surveillance Officer, Directorate of Health Services, Panaji, Goa, India aff004;  Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Goa Medical College, Bambolim, Goa, India aff005;  Medical Officer, Directorate of Health Services, Panaji, Goa, India aff006
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226141

Souhrn

Background

Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) is a highly infectious viral illness transmitted by infected ticks through contact with monkeys and other forest animals. Till date there is no definite treatment available for KFD. Hence, vaccination is considered to be an important public health intervention to control KFD. This study aimed at estimating the vaccination coverage for primary and booster doses of KFD vaccine and exploring the perceived barriers to vaccination in the affected villages of Goa, India during 2015–18.

Methodology & principal findings

In this explanatory mixed methods study, vaccine coverage was estimated bydata obtained from the KFD vaccination registers maintained at the health centers catering to the KFD affected villages. To understand the barriers to vaccination,key informant interviews were conducted among implementing health officers, medical officers and nurses involved in vaccination. Perceptions of vaccinees and community members were studied through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions.

Out of the 35,500 targeted population (6–65 years)for KFD vaccination, 32% received one dose and 13.2% received two doses. The coverage for first booster and annual booster was 4.9% and 0.5% respectively. The drop out from first to second and third doses was 57% and 85% respectively. 69% of doses were delivered during community outreach programmes and remaining at health facilities. Inadequate vaccine stock, inappropriate timing of vaccination campaign, lack of awareness and misconceptions related to indications of vaccines, travel distance for follow up doses given at community health centre and pain due to injection were perceived as reasons for poor vaccination coverage.

Conclusions

KFD vaccination coverage was poor in the villages affected by KFD in Goa. Both left-out and drop-out phenomena were observed in KFD vaccination. Vaccine implementation plan has to consider suitable time for the local people, maintain adequate vaccine stock and encourage community-based vaccination campaigns instead of facility-based to achieve optimal vaccine coverage.

Klíčová slova:

Booster doses – Health education and awareness – India – Public and occupational health – Vaccination and immunization – Vaccine development – Vaccines – Kyasanur Forest Disease


Zdroje

1. Murhekar MV, Kasabi GS, Mehendale SM, Mourya DT, Yadav PD, Tandale BV. On the transmission pattern of Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) in India. Infect Dis poverty [Internet]. 2015 Aug 19 [cited 2018 Sep 6];4:37. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26286631 doi: 10.1186/s40249-015-0066-9

2. Awate P, Yadav P, Patil D, Shete A, Kumar V, Kore P, et al. Outbreak of Kyasanur Forest disease (monkey fever) in Sindhudurg, Maharashtra State, India, 2016. J Infect [Internet]. 2016;72(6):759–61. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2016.03.006 26997635

3. Mehla R, Kumar SRP, Yadav P, Barde PV., Yergolkar PN, Erickson BR, et al. Recent Ancestry of Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2009 Sep [cited 2018 Sep 7];15(9):1431–7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19788811 doi: 10.3201/eid1509.080759

4. KFDV is class III biosafety pathogen: Yadav Pragya D., Shete Anita M., Patil Deepak Y., Sandhya V.K., Prakash K.S., Surgihalli Rajesh, Mourya Devendra T. Outbreak of Kyasanur Forest disease in Thirthahalli, Karnataka, India, 2014. International Journal of Infectious Diseases.

5. CD Alert on KFD. National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Directorate General of Health Services, 2018.

6. Kasabi GS, Murhekar MV, Sandhya VK, Raghunandan R, Kiran SK, Channabasappa GH, et al. Coverage and effectiveness of Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) vaccine in Karnataka, South India, 2005–10. PLoSNegl Trop Dis. 2013;7:e2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002025

7. Kiran SK, Pasi A, Kumar S, Kasabi GS, Gujjarappa P, Shrivastava A, et al. Kyasanur Forest Disease Outbreak and Vaccination Strategy, Shimoga District, India, 2013–2014. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2015 Jan [cited 2018 Sep 6];21(1):146–9. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25531141 doi: 10.3201/eid2101.141227

8. Cresswell JW, Plano Clark VL. Designing and conducting mixed methods research. 2nd edn Sage Publications Inc. Thousand Oaks, CA. 2010.

9. Directorate of Health and Family Welfare Services, Govt of Karnataka. Manual on Kyasanur Forest Disease. 2005.

10. Directorate of Census Operations. Census of India 2011. Goa; 2011.

11. Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Heal Care [Internet]. 2007 Sep 16 [cited 2018 Sep 6];19(6):349–57. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17872937 doi: 10.1093/intqhc/mzm042

12. International Institute for Population Sciences. National Family Health Survey 2015–16, India Report. Mumbai, 2016.


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