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Smoking and other determinants of bone turnover


Autoři: Rolf Jorde aff001;  Astrid Kamilla Stunes aff003;  Julia Kubiak aff001;  Guri Grimnes aff001;  Per Medbøe Thorsby aff005;  Unni Syversen aff003
Působiště autorů: Tromsø Endocrine Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway aff001;  Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway aff002;  Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway aff003;  Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway aff004;  Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Aker Hospital, Oslo, Norway aff005;  Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olav’s Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway aff006
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(11)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225539

Souhrn

The balance between bone resorption and formation may be assessed by measurement of bone turnover markers (BTMs), like carboxyl-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX-1) and procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP). Smoking has been shown to influence bone turnover and to reduce bone mass density (BMD), the exact mechanism for this is, however, not settled. In this post-hoc study including 406 subjects (mean age 51.9 years), we aimed to study the impact of smoking on bone turnover. Moreover, we wanted to assess the inter-correlation between substances regulating bone metabolism and BTMs, as well as tracking over time. BMD measurements and serum analyses of CTX-1, P1NP, osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor ĸB ligand (RANKL), Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), sclerostin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and leptin were performed. Repeated serum measurements were made in 195 subjects after four months. Adjustments were made for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, insulin resistance, serum calcium, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and creatinine. Smokers had higher levels of DKK1 and OPG, and lower levels of RANKL, as reflected in lower BTMs and BMD compared to non-smokers. There were strong and predominantly positive inter-correlations between BTMs and the other substances, and there was a high degree of tracking with Spearman’s rho from 0.72 to 0.92 (P < 0.001) between measurements four months apart. In conclusion, smokers exhibited higher levels of DKK1 and OPG and a lower bone turnover than did non-smokers. The strong inter-correlations between the serum parameters illustrate the coupling between bone resorption and formation and crosstalk between cells.

Klíčová slova:

Bone development – Bone resorption – Creatinine – Hip – leptin – Smoking habits


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