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Reduced gray matter volume and cortical thickness associated with traffic-related air pollution in a longitudinally studied pediatric cohort


Autoři: Travis Beckwith aff001;  Kim Cecil aff002;  Mekibib Altaye aff003;  Rachel Severs aff004;  Christopher Wolfe aff003;  Zana Percy aff005;  Thomas Maloney aff002;  Kimberly Yolton aff006;  Grace LeMasters aff005;  Kelly Brunst aff005;  Patrick Ryan aff003
Působiště autorů: Molecular Epidemiology in Children’s Environmental Health Training Program, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America aff001;  Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America aff002;  Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America aff003;  Department of Psychology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, United States of America aff004;  Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America aff005;  Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America aff006
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 15(1)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228092

Souhrn

Early life exposure to air pollution poses a significant risk to brain development from direct exposure to toxicants or via indirect mechanisms involving the circulatory, pulmonary or gastrointestinal systems. In children, exposure to traffic related air pollution has been associated with adverse effects on cognitive, behavioral and psychomotor development. We aimed to determine whether childhood exposure to traffic related air pollution is associated with regional differences in brain volume and cortical thickness among children enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study of traffic related air pollution and child health. We used magnetic resonance imaging to obtain anatomical brain images from a nested subset of 12 year old participants characterized with either high or low levels of traffic related air pollution exposure during their first year of life. We employed voxel-based morphometry to examine group differences in regional brain volume, and with separate analyses, changes in cortical thickness. Smaller regional gray matter volumes were determined in the left pre- and post-central gyri, the cerebellum, and inferior parietal lobe of participants in the high traffic related air pollution exposure group relative to participants with low exposure. Reduced cortical thickness was observed in participants with high exposure relative to those with low exposure, primarily in sensorimotor regions of the brain including the pre- and post-central gyri and the paracentral lobule, but also within the frontal and limbic regions. These results suggest that significant childhood exposure to traffic related air pollution is associated with structural alterations in brain.

Klíčová slova:

Air pollution – Carbon – Central nervous system – Cerebellum – Image processing – Magnetic resonance imaging – Neuronal dendrites – Brain development


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