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Detailed analysis of the transverse arch of hallux valgus feet with and without pain using weightbearing ultrasound imaging and precise force sensors


Autoři: Hala Zeidan aff001;  Eguchi Ryo aff002;  Yusuke Suzuki aff001;  Hirotaka Iijima aff002;  Yuu Kajiwara aff001;  Keiko Harada aff001;  Kengo Nakai aff001;  Kanako Shimoura aff001;  Koji Fujimoto aff004;  Masaki Takahashi aff002;  Tomoki Aoyama aff001
Působiště autorů: Department of Physical Therapy, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan aff001;  Department of System Design Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan aff002;  Department of Physical Therapy, Kio University, Nara, Japan aff003;  Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan aff004
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 15(1)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226914

Souhrn

Background

Hallux valgus is the most common forefoot deformity and affects the transverse arch structure and its force loading patterns. This study aims to clarify the differences in the transverse arch structure and the force under the metatarsal heads individually, between normal feet and hallux valgus feet, and between hallux valgus feet with pain and without pain. We further test the association between the parameters of the transverse arch and hallux valgus angle and between the parameters and pain in hallux valgus.

Methods

Women’s feet (105 feet) were divided into normal group (NORM) and hallux valgus group (HVG); and further into subgroups: hallux valgus without pain (HV Pain (-)) and hallux valgus with pain (HV Pain (+)). Transverse arch height and metatarsal heads height were measured using weight-bearing ultrasound imaging. Force under the metatarsal heads was measured using force sensors attached directly on the skin surface of the metatarsal heads. The measurements were taken in three loading positions: sitting, quiet standing and 90% weight shift on the tested foot. Differences between the groups were compared using Student t-test and Wilcoxon Exact test. Multivariate logistic analysis with adjustment for physical characteristics was also conducted.

Results

Transverse arch height was significantly higher in HVG than in NORM in all positions; there were no significant differences between HV Pain (+) and HV pain (-). Lateral sesamoid was significantly higher in HVG and HV Pain (+) than in NORM and HV Pain (-) respectively when bearing 90% of the body weight unilaterally. There was a trend of higher forces under the medial forefoot without significant difference. Transverse arch height and lateral sesamoid height were associated with the hallux valgus angle, while lateral sesamoid height was associated with forefoot pain in hallux valgus deformity.

Conclusions

This study shows the differences in the transverse arch structure between normal feet and feet with hallux valgus, and between hallux valgus feet with and without pain. This finding is noteworthy when considering future treatments of painful feet, notably the height of the lateral sesamoid which seems to play a role in forefoot pain.

Klíčová slova:

Body weight – Elderly – Feet – Imaging equipment – Ligaments – Strength training – Toes – Ultrasound imaging


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