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Expansion of the agricultural frontier in the largest South American Dry Forest: Identifying priority conservation areas for snakes before everything is lost


Autoři: María Soledad Andrade-Díaz aff001;  Juan Andrés Sarquis aff002;  Bette A. Loiselle aff003;  Alejandro R. Giraudo aff002;  Juan Manuel Díaz-Gómez aff001
Působiště autorů: Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del Noroeste Argentino (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas—Universidad Nacional de Salta), Rosario de Lerma, Salta, Argentina aff001;  Instituto Nacional de Limnología (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas–Universidad Nacional del Litoral), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina aff002;  Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Center for Latin American Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America aff003;  Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (Universidad Nacional del Litoral), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina aff004
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221901

Souhrn

Conservation planning relies on integrating existing knowledge, social-environmental contexts, and potential threats to identify gaps and opportunities for action. Here we present a case study on how priority areas for conservation can be determined using existing information on biodiversity occurrence and threats. Specifically, our goals are: (1) to model the ecological niche of twelve endemic snake species in the Dry Chaco Forest, (2) to quantify the impact of the deforestation rates on their distributions, (3) to propose high priority areas for conservation in order to improve the actual protected area system, and (4) to evaluate the influence of the human footprint on the optimization of selected priority areas. Our results demonstrate that Argentinian Dry Chaco represent, on average, ~74% of the distribution of endemic snake species and deforestation has reduced suitable areas of all snake species in the region. Further, the current protected areas are likely insufficient to conserve these species as only very low percentages (3.27%) of snakes’ ranges occur within existing protected areas. Our models identified high priority areas in the north of the Chaco forest where continuous, well-conserved forest still exists. These high priority areas include transition zones within the foothill forest and areas that could connect patches of forest between the western and eastern Chaco forest. Our findings identify spatial priorities that minimize conflicts with human activities, a key issue for this biodiversity hotspot area. We argue that consultation with stakeholders and decision-makers are urgently needed in order to take concrete actions to protect the habitat, or we risk losing the best conservation opportunities to protect endemic snakes that inhabit the Argentinian Dry Chaco.

Klíčová slova:

Biology and life sciences – Organisms – Eukaryota – Animals – Vertebrates – Amniotes – Reptiles – Squamates – Snakes – Ecology – Ecosystems – Forests – Biodiversity – Forest ecology – Ecology and environmental sciences – Conservation science – Terrestrial environments – Deforestation – Habitats


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