European public perceptions of homelessness: A knowledge, attitudes and practices survey


Autoři: Junie Petit aff001;  Sandrine Loubiere aff001;  Aurlie Tinland aff001;  Maria Vargas-Moniz aff003;  Freek Spinnewijn aff004;  Rachel Manning aff005;  Massimo Santinello aff006;  Judith Wolf aff007;  Anna Bokszczanin aff008;  Roberto Bernad aff009;  Hakan Kallmen aff010;  Jose Ornelas aff003;  Pascal Auquier aff001
Působiště autorů: Aix-Marseille University, School of Medicine—La Timone Medical Campus, CEReSS—Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, France aff001;  Department of Research and Innovation, Support Unit for Clinical Research and Economic Evaluation, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Marseille, Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, France aff002;  APPsyCI (Applied Psychology Research Center: Capabilities and Inclusion), ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco, Lisbon, Portugal aff003;  FEANTSA, European Federation of National Organisations Working with the Homeless, Chaussée de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium aff004;  Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland aff005;  Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy aff006;  Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Impuls—Netherlands Center for Social Care Research, Geert Grooteplein, EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands aff007;  Institute of Psychology, Opole University, Pl. Staszica, Opole, Poland aff008;  Rais Fundación, C/ Ardemans, Madrid, Spain aff009;  STAD, Stockholm Center for Psychiatry Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stati Onsgatan, Stockholm, Sweden aff010
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221896

Souhrn

Background

Addressing Citizen’s perspectives on homelessness is crucial for the design of effective and durable policy responses, and available research in Europe is not yet substantive. We aim to explore citizens’ opinions about homelessness and to explain the differences in attitudes within the general population of eight European countries: France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden.

Methods

A nationally representative telephone survey of European citizens was conducted in 2017. Three domains were investigated: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices about homelessness. Based on a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), a generalized linear model for clustered and weighted samples was used to probe the associations between groups with opposing attitudes.

Results

Response rates ranged from 30.4% to 33.5% (N = 5,295). Most respondents (57%) had poor knowledge about homelessness. Respondents who thought the government spent too much on homelessness, people who are homeless should be responsible for housing, people remain homeless by choice, or homelessness keeps capabilities/empowerment intact (regarding meals, family contact, and access to work) clustered together (negative attitudes, 30%). Respondents who were willing to pay taxes, welcomed a shelter, or acknowledged people who are homeless may lack some capabilities (i.e. agreed on discrimination in hiring) made another cluster (positive attitudes, 58%). Respondents living in semi-urban or urban areas (ORs 1.33 and 1.34) and those engaged in practices to support people who are homeless (ORs > 1.4; p<0.005) were more likely to report positive attitudes, whereas those from France and Poland (p<0.001) were less likely to report positive attitudes.

Conclusion

The majority of European citizens hold positive attitudes towards people who are homeless, however there remain significant differences between and within countries. Although it is clear that there is strong support for increased government action and more effective solutions for Europe’s growing homelessness crisis, there also remain public opinion barriers rooted in enduring negative perceptions.

Klíčová slova:

Europe – France – Housing – Ireland – Italy – Poland – Surveys – Portugal


Zdroje

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