Accuracy of Determine TB-LAM Ag to detect TB in HIV infected patients associated with diagnostic methods used in Brazilian public health units
Autoři:
Aline Benjamin aff001; Solange Cesar Cavalcante aff001; Leda Fátima Jamal aff002; Denise Arakaki-Sanchez aff003; Josué Nazareno de Lima aff003; Jose Henrique Pilotto aff004; Francisco Ivanildo de Oliveira Junior aff006; Tâmara Newman Lobato Souza aff006; Maria Cristina Lourenço aff007; Maeve Brito de Mello aff008; Pedro Emmanuel Alvarenga Americano do Brasil aff009; Draurio Barreira aff010; Valeria Rolla aff001
Působiště autorů:
Clinical Reasearch Laboratory on Mycobacteria, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
aff001; STD/AIDS Reference and Training Center, Health Secretariat of State of São Paulo, Brazil
aff002; National Tuberculosis Program, Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Brazil
aff003; STD/AIDS Service, Nova Iguaçu General Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
aff004; Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
aff005; Institute of Infectious Disease Emilio Ribas, São Paulo, Brazil
aff006; Bacteriology and Bioassay Laboratory, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
aff007; Pan American Health Organization, Washington DC, United States of America
aff008; Clinical Research Laboratory on Immunization and Surveillance in Health, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
aff009; Unitaid, Geneva, Switzerland
aff010
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie:
Research Article
doi:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221038
Souhrn
Background
Determine TB-LAM Ag (LAM) is a point of care test developed to diagnose tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of LAM in people living with HIV using Brazilian public health network algorithm for TB diagnosis.
Methods and findings
A cross-sectional study design was used to enroll 199 adult patients in two sites in Rio de Janeiro and two in São Paulo. The study enrolled HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts ≤200 cells/mm3 (in the Alere PIMA CD4 assay at study screening), patients coughing for at least 2 weeks or presenting a chest radiography suggestive of TB. LAM, in conjunction with sputum smear microscopy or Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) as compared to Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture, which was used as a reference standard. TB prevalence was 24.6%. Overall accuracy of LAM was 79.9% (73.8%-84.9%), positive and negative predictive values were 62.2% (46.1%-75.9%) and 84% (77.5%-88.8%), respectively. The overall LAM sensitivity was 46.9% (33.7%-60.6%) and specificity was 90.7% (84.9%-94.4%). The best performance of LAM was observed among patients with CD4 counts ≤50 cells/mm3 (sensitivity = 70.4% and specificity = 85.9%). When 2 respiratory smears were used in conjunction with LAM, sensitivity increased 22%, as compared to just 2 smears. Furthermore, LAM when used in conjunction with two respiratory smears, was as sensitive as compared to a single one. However, no improvement in TB diagnosis occurred when LAM was used with Xpert as compared to Xpert alone. Among 14 LAM false positive tests, Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria were isolated in three cases.
Conclusion
LAM is a point of care test that increased TB diagnosis in immunosuppressed HIV-infected patients when used in conjunction with smear microscopy, but not when used with Xpert in Brazilian public health network sites. Use of LAM test should be considered in settings where immunosuppressed HIV patients need rapid TB diagnosis.
Klíčová slova:
Brazil – Diagnostic medicine – HIV diagnosis and management – Public and occupational health – Tuberculosis – Tuberculosis diagnosis and management – Urine
Zdroje
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Článek vyšel v časopise
PLOS One
2019 Číslo 9
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