Epidemiological investigation and management of bloody diarrhea among children in India


Autoři: Rahul Bawankule aff001;  Sadanand Shetye aff002;  Ashish Singh aff003;  Abhishek Singh aff001;  Kaushalendra Kumar aff001
Působiště autorů: International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India aff001;  B. K. L. Walawalkar Hospital and Rural Medical College, Kasarwadi-Sawarde, India aff002;  SJM School of Management, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India aff003
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222208

Souhrn

Background

The evidence on the factors associated with childhood bloody diarrhea in developing countries in general and India, in particular, is somewhat limited. Our study, therefore, examines—the prevalence of bloody diarrhea; the magnitude of treatment of bloody diarrhea (use of both oral rehydration and antibiotics (pills, syrups, and injections)); and several other associated factors with bloody diarrhea in the youngest children under five years in the Indian context.

Methods

We used data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)—4 conducted in 2015–16. We used a multivariable binary logistic regression model to identify the factors associated with bloody diarrhea. We also applied a multinomial logistic regression model to identify associated factors with the treatment of bloody diarrhea amongst the youngest children below five years.

Findings

The overall prevalence of bloody diarrhea in the youngest children was about 9 percent in the last two weeks preceding the survey. There was a significant difference in the mean age of those children having bloody diarrhea and watery diarrhea during the same period. Children whose stools were disposed of unsafely and those who belonged to households with neither a place nor water for washing hands were more likely to suffer from bloody diarrhea compared to their counterparts with these facilities. About a little less than one-fifth of the youngest children (16%) received adequate treatment of bloody diarrhea. The treatment of bloody diarrhea was associated with the health facility and maternal and children’s socioeconomic and demographic characteristics.

Conclusion

The study shows that household environmental risk factors are important predictors of bloody diarrhea amongst the youngest children. Still, 28% of those children did not receive any treatment of bloody diarrhea in India. There is also a clear need to promote the practice of safe disposal of children’s stools and handwashing among mothers and children. Mothers need to be sensitized about the necessity of an immediate visit to a health facility/center in case of bloody diarrhea.

Klíčová slova:

Medicine and health sciences – Gastroenterology and hepatology – Diagnostic medicine – Signs and symptoms – Pathology and laboratory medicine – Diarrhea – Health care – Environmental health – Sanitation – Public and occupational health – People and places – Population groupings – Age groups – Children – Families – Mothers – Geographical locations – Asia – India – Ecology and environmental sciences – Natural resources – Water resources – Social sciences – Sociology – Communications – Mass media – Anthropology – Cultural anthropology – Religion


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