Economic and livestock health impacts of birds on dairies: Evidence from a survey of Washington dairy operators
Autoři:
Julie L. Elser aff001; Amber L. Adams Progar aff002; Karen M. M. Steensma aff003; Tyler P. Caskin aff002; Susan R. Kerr aff002; Stephanie A. Shwiff aff001
Působiště autorů:
National Wildlife Research Center, USDA/APHIS/WS, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
aff001; Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America
aff002; Department of Biology, Trinity Western University, Langley, BC V2Y 1Y1, Canada
aff003
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie:
Research Article
doi:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222398
Souhrn
The survey described in this research paper aimed to investigate the economic and health impacts of birds on dairies. Birds are common pests on dairies, consuming and contaminating feed intended for cattle. As a result, dairy operators experience increased feed costs and increased pathogen and disease risk. We surveyed dairy operators attending the 2017 Washington Dairy Conference to examine the impact of birds on dairies in Washington State. Dairy operators reported feed losses valued at $55 per cow resulting in annual losses totaling $5.5 million in the Western region of the state and $9.2 million in the Eastern region of the state. Shooting was the most commonly used bird management method and European starlings (Sternus vulgaris) were the most frequently implicated species statewide. Bird abundance greater than 10,000 birds per day was associated with larger herd size and with self-reported presence of Johne’s disease and Salmonella.
Klíčová slova:
Biology and life sciences – Organisms – Eukaryota – Animals – Vertebrates – Amniotes – Birds – Starlings – Bacteria – Enterobacteriaceae – Nutrition – Diet – Beverages – Milk – Anatomy – Body fluids – Physiology – Agriculture – Livestock – Zoology – Animal diseases – Paratuberculosis – Microbiology – Medical microbiology – Microbial pathogens – Bacterial pathogens – Salmonella – Medicine and health sciences – Infectious diseases – Bacterial diseases – Pathology and laboratory medicine – Pathogens – Animal pathogens – Research and analysis methods – Research design – Survey research – Surveys
Zdroje
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PLOS One
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