Levels of serum eosinophil cationic protein are associated with hookworm infection and intensity in endemic communities in Ghana
Autoři:
Benjamin Amoani aff001; Bright Adu aff002; Margaret T. Frempong aff003; Tracy Sarkodie-Addo aff002; Samuel Victor Nuvor aff004; Michael D. Wilson aff005; Ben Gyan aff002
Působiště autorů:
Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
aff001; Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
aff002; Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
aff003; Department of Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
aff004; Parasitology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
aff005
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie:
Research Article
doi:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222382
Souhrn
Background
The eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is a cytotoxic protein mainly secreted by eosinophils granulocytes and plays a role in host defense against parasitic infections. Infection with Necator americanus (hookworm) is traditionally diagnosed by the Kato-Katz method which is inherently tedious, subjective and known to underestimate infection intensity. This study aimed to assess levels of serum ECP in relation to hookworm infection intensity.
Methods
Stool samples from 984 (aged 4 to 80 years) participants in a cross-sectional study conducted in the Kintampo North Municipality of Ghana were examined using the Kato-Katz and formol-ether concentration methods. Serum ECP levels were measured by ECP assay kit and compared between 40 individuals infected with hookworm only, 63 with hookworm- Plasmodium falciparum co-infection, 59 with P. falciparum infection and 36 with no infection.
Results
Hookworm infection prevalence was 18.1% (178/984). ECP levels were significantly higher in individuals infected with hookworm only (β = 2.96, 95%CI = 2.69, 3.23, p<0.001) or co-infected with P. falciparum (β = 3.15, 95%CI = 2.91, 3.39, p<0.001) compared to the negative control. Levels of ECP were similar between those with only P. falciparum infection and the uninfected control (p>0.05). Increased hookworm intensity was associated with a significant increase in ECP level (β = 4.45, 95%CI = 2.25, 9.11, rs = 0.193, n = 103, p<0.01). ECP threshold of 84.98ng/ml was associated with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 98% (95% CI = 92, 100), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 76% (95% CI = 62, 87) in classifying hookworm infection status with an AUROC of 96.3%.
Conclusion
Serum ECP level may be a good biomarker of hookworm infection and intensity and warrant further investigations to help improve current hookworm diagnosis.
Klíčová slova:
Biology and life sciences – Organisms – Eukaryota – Animals – Invertebrates – Helminths – Hookworms – Necator americanus – Nematoda – Necator – Cell biology – Cellular types – Animal cells – Blood cells – White blood cells – Eosinophils – Immune cells – Parasitology – Parasite groups – Apicomplexa – Plasmodium – Medicine and health sciences – Parasitic diseases – Helminth infections – Immunology – Infectious diseases – Co-infections – Research and analysis methods – Immunologic techniques – Immunoassays – Enzyme-linked immunoassays
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Článek vyšel v časopise
PLOS One
2019 Číslo 9
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