Trends in maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and its association with birth and maternal outcomes in California, 2007–2016: A retrospective cohort study


Autoři: Anura W. G. Ratnasiri aff001;  Henry C. Lee aff003;  Satyan Lakshminrusimha aff004;  Steven S. Parry aff001;  Vivi N. Arief aff002;  Ian H. DeLacy aff002;  Jo-Shing Yang aff005;  Ralph J. DiLibero aff001;  Julia Logan aff006;  Kaye E. Basford aff002
Působiště autorů: Benefits Division, California Department of Health Care Services, Sacramento, California, United States of America aff001;  School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia aff002;  Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America aff003;  Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America aff004;  Anesthesia Room ML, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America aff005;  Health Plan Administration Division, California Public Employees' Retirement System, Sacramento, California, United States of America aff006;  School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia aff007
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222458

Souhrn

Objective

To determine recent trends in maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and to quantify its association with birth and maternal outcomes.

Methods

A population-based retrospective cohort study included resident women with singleton births in the California Birth Statistical Master Files (BSMF) database from 2007 to 2016. There were 4,621,082 women included out of 5,054,968 women registered in the database. 433,886 (8.6%) women were excluded due to invalid or missing information for BMI. Exposures were underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥ 30 kg/m2) at the onset of pregnancy. Obesity was subcategorized into class I (30.0–34.9 kg/m2), class II (35.0–39.9 kg/m2), and class III (≥ 40 kg/m2), while adverse outcomes examined were low birth weight (LBW), very low birth weight (VLBW), macrosomic births, preterm birth (PTB), very preterm birth (VPTB), small-for-gestational-age birth (SGA), large-for-gestational-age birth (LGA), and cesarean delivery (CD). Descriptive analysis, simple linear regression, and multivariate logistic regression were performed, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations were estimated.

Results

Over the ten-year study period, the prevalence of underweight and normal weight women at time of birth declined by 10.6% and 9.7%, respectively, while the prevalence of overweight and obese increased by 4.3% and 22.9%, respectively. VLBW increased significantly with increasing BMI, by 24% in overweight women and by 76% in women with class III obesity from 2007 to 2016. Women with class III obesity also had a significant increase in macrosomic birth (170%) and were more likely to deliver PTB (33%), VPTB (66%), LGA (231%), and CD (208%) than women with a normal BMI. However, obese women were less likely to have SGA infants; underweight women were 51% more likely to have SGA infants than women with a normal BMI.

Conclusions

In California from 2007 to 2016, there was a declining trend in women with prepregnancy normal weight, and a rising trend in overweight and obese women, particularly obesity class III. Both extremes of prepregnancy BMI were associated with an increased incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes; however, the worse outcomes were prominent in those women classified as obese.

Klíčová slova:

Biology and life sciences – Physiology – Physiological parameters – Obesity – Birth weight – Medicine and health sciences – Body weight – Body Mass Index – Women's health – Maternal health – Birth – Preterm birth – Labor and delivery – Pregnancy – Pregnancy complications – Obstetrics and gynecology – Surgical and invasive medical procedures – Obstetric procedures – Cesarean section – People and places – Population groupings – Age groups – Children – Infants – Families


Zdroje

1. Malik VS, Willett WC, Hu FB. Global obesity: trends, risk factors and policy implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013;9(1):13–27. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2012.199 23165161

2. Catalano PM, Shankar K. Obesity and pregnancy: mechanisms of short term and long term adverse consequences for mother and child. BMJ. 2017;356:j1. doi: 10.1136/bmj.j1 28179267

3. Al Wattar BH, Pidgeon C, Learner H, Zamora J, Thangaratinam S. Online health information on obesity in pregnancy: a systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;206:147–152. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.09.016 27693936

4. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2000;894:i-xii,1–253.

5. Deputy NP, Dub B, Sharma AJ. Prevalence and trends in prepregnancy normal weight—48 states, New York City, and District of Columbia, 2011–2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;66(5152):1402–1407.

6. Li W, Wang Y, Shen L, et al. Association between parity and obesity patterns in a middle-aged and older Chinese population: a cross-sectional analysis in the Tongji-Dongfeng cohort study. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2016;13:72. eCollection 2016. doi: 10.1186/s12986-016-0133-7 27795732

7. Flegal KM, Kruszon-Moran D, Carroll MD, Fryar CD, Ogden CL. Trends in obesity among adults in the United States, 2005 to 2014. JAMA. 2016;315(21):2284–2291. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.6458 27272580

8. Branum AM, Kirmeyer SE, Gregory EC. Prepregnancy body mass index by maternal characteristics and state: data from the birth certificate, 2014. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2016;65(6):1–11. 27508894

9. Contu L, Hawkes CA. A review of the impact of maternal obesity on the cognitive runction and mental health of the offspring. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18(5). doi: 10.3390/ijms18051093 28534818

10. Moussa HN, Alrais MA, Leon MG, Abbas EL, Sibai BM. Obesity epidemic: impact from preconception to postpartum. Future Science OA. 2016;2(3):FSO137. doi: 10.4155/fsoa-2016-0035 28031980

11. Chu SY, Kim SY, Schmid CH, et al. Maternal obesity and risk of cesarean delivery: a meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2007;8(5):385–394. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00397.x 17716296

12. Chu SY, Callaghan WM, Kim SY, et al. Maternal obesity and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(8):2070–2076. doi: 10.2337/dc06-2559a 17416786

13. Siega-Riz AM, Gray GL. Gestational weight gain recommendations in the context of the obesity epidemic. Nutr Rev. 2013;71(Suppl 1):S26–30.

14. Huda SS, Brodie LE, Sattar N. Obesity in pregnancy: prevalence and metabolic consequences. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010;15(2):70–76. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2009.09.006 19896913

15. Meehan S, Beck CR, Mair-Jenkins J, Leonardi-Bee J, Puleston R. Maternal obesity and infant mortality: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2014;133(5):863–871. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-1480 24709933

16. Linabery AM, Nahhas RW, Johnson W, et al. Stronger influence of maternal than paternal obesity on infant and early childhood body mass index: the Fels Longitudinal Study. Pediatr Obes. 2013;8(3):159–169. doi: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00100.x 23042783

17. Næss M, Holmen TL, Langaas M, Bjørngaard JH, Kvaløy K. Intergenerational transmission of overweight and obesity from parents to their adolescent offspring—the HUNT study. PLoS One. 2016;11(11):e0166585. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166585 27851798

18. Eriksson JG, Sandboge S, Salonen M, Kajantie E, Osmond C. Maternal weight in pregnancy and offspring body composition in late adulthood: findings from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study (HBCS). Ann Med. 2015;47(2):94–99. doi: 10.3109/07853890.2015.1004360 25797690

19. Parlee SD, MacDougald OA. Maternal nutrition and risk of obesity in offspring: the Trojan horse of developmental plasticity. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014;1842(3):495–506. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.07.007 23871838

20. Reynolds RM, Allan KM, Raja EA, et al. Maternal obesity during pregnancy and premature mortality from cardiovascular event in adult offspring: follow-up of 1 323 275 person years. BMJ. 2013;347:f4539. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f4539 23943697

21. Godfrey KM, Reynolds RM, Prescott SL, et al. Influence of maternal obesity on the long-term health of offspring. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017;5(1):53–64. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(16)30107-3 27743978

22. Chu SY, Bachman DJ, Callaghan WM, et al. Association between obesity during pregnancy and increased use of health care. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(14):1444–1453. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0706786 18385496

23. Bodnar LM, Abrams B, Bertolet M, et al. Validity of birth certificate-derived maternal weight data. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2014;28(3):203–212. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12120 24673550

24. Martin JA, Osterman MJ, Kirmeyer SE, Gregory EC. Measuring gestational age in vital statistics data: transitioning to the obstetric estimate. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2015;64(5):1–20. 26047089

25. Richards JL, Kramer MS, Deb-Rinker P, et al. Temporal trends in late preterm and early term birth rates in 6 high-income countries in North America and Europe and association with clinician-initiated obstetric interventions. JAMA. 2016;316(4):410–419. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.9635 27458946

26. Ratnasiri AWG, Parry SS, Arief VN, DeLacy IH, Halliday LA, DiLibero RJ, et al. Recent Trends, Risk Factors, and Disparities in Low Birth Weight in California, 2005–2014: A Retrospective Study. Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology. (2018) 4:15. doi: 10.1186/s40748-018-0084-2 30094052

27. Olsen IE, Groveman SA, Lawson ML, Clark RH, Zemel BS. New intrauterine growth curves based on United States data. Pediatrics. 2010;125(2):e214–24. Epub 2010/01/27. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-0913 20100760.

28. Reichman NE, Hamilton ER, Hummer RA, Padilla YC. Racial and ethnic disparities in low birthweight among urban unmarried mothers. Matern Child Health J. 2008;12(2):204–215. doi: 10.1007/s10995-007-0240-1 17570044

29. Cnattingius S, Villamor E, Johansson S, et al. Maternal obesity and risk of preterm delivery. JAMA. 2013;309(22):2362–2370. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.6295 23757084

30. Lim CC, Mahmood T. Obesity in pregnancy. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;29(3):309–319. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2014.10.008 25702971

31. McDonald SD, Han Z, Mulla S, Beyene J; Knowledge Synthesis Group. Overweight and obesity in mothers and risk of preterm birth and low birth weight infants: systematic review and meta-analyses. BMJ. 2010;341:c3428. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c3428 20647282

32. Lindsay KL, Brennan L, Rath A, Maguire OC, Smith T, McAuliffe FM. Gestational weight gain in obese pregnancy: impact on maternal and foetal metabolic parameters and birthweight. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018:38(1):60–65. doi: 10.1080/01443615.2017.1328670 28782412

33. Hung TH, Hsieh TT. Pregestational body mass index, gestational weight gain, and risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes among Taiwanese women: a retrospective cohort study. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;55(4):575–581. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2016.06.016 27590385

34. Boyd ME, Usher RH, McLean FH. Fetal macrosomia: prediction, risks, proposed management. Obstet Gynecol. 1983;61(6):715–722. 6843930

35. Meshari AA, De Silva S, Rahman I. Fetal macrosomia—maternal risks and fetal outcome. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1990;32(3):215–222. doi: 10.1016/0020-7292(90)90348-o 1972112

36. Oral E, Cağdaş A, Gezer A, Kaleli S, Aydinli K, Oçer F. Perinatal and maternal outcomes of fetal macrosomia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2001;99(2):167–171. doi: 10.1016/s0301-2115(01)00416-x 11788165

37. Zhang X, Decker A, Platt RW, Kramer MS. How big is too big? The perinatal consequences of fetal macrosomia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;198(5):517.e1–6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.12.005 18455528

38. Hack M, Fanaroff AA. Outcomes of extremely immature infants—a perinatal dilemma. N Engl J Med. 1993;329(22):1649–1650. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199311253292210 8232435

39. Cunningham SA, Kramer MR, Narayan KM. Incidence of childhood obesity in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(17):1660–1661. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1402397 24758623

40. Shaw GM, Wise PH, Mayo J, et al; March of Dimes Prematurity Research Center at Stanford University School of Medicine. Maternal prepregnancy body mass index and risk of spontaneous preterm birth. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2014;28(4):302–311. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12125 24810721

41. Lynch AM, Hart JE, Agwu OC, Fisher BM, West NA, Gibbs RS. Association of extremes of prepregnancy BMI with the clinical presentations of preterm birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014;210(5):428.e1–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.12.011 24321446

42. Girsen AI, Mayo JA, Carmichael SL, et al; March of Dimes Prematurity Research Center at Stanford University School of Medicine. Women's prepregnancy underweight as a risk factor for preterm birth: a retrospective study. BJOG. 2016;123(12):2001–2007. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.14027 27172996

43. Torloni MR, Betrán AP, Daher S, et al. Maternal BMI and preterm birth: a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2009;22(11):957–970. doi: 10.3109/14767050903042561 19900068

44. Scott-Pillai R, Spence D, Cardwell CR, Hunter A, Holmes VA. The impact of body mass index on maternal and neonatal outcomes: a retrospective study in a UK obstetric population, 2004–2011. BJOG. 2013;120:932–939. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12193 23530609

45. Khatibi A, Brantsaeter AL, Sengpiel V, et al. Prepregnancy maternal body mass index and preterm delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012;207(3):212.e1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.002 22835494

46. Nohr EA, Bech BH, Vaeth M, Rasmussen KM, Henriksen TB, Olsen J. Obesity, gestational weight gain and preterm birth: a study within the Danish National Birth Cohort. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2007;21(1):5–14. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2007.00762.x 17239174

47. Pai VV, Carmichael SL, Kan P, Leonard SA, Lee HC: Maternal body mass index and risk of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants. Pediatric research 2018, 83(6):1146–1151. doi: 10.1038/pr.2018.47 29624572

48. Carmichael SL, Kan P, Gould JB, Stevenson DK, Shaw GM, Lee HC: Maternal prepregnancy body mass index and risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatric research 2017, 82(1):8–13. doi: 10.1038/pr.2017.90 28399116

49. Kelly A, Kevany J, de Onis M, Shah PM: A WHO Collaborative Study of Maternal Anthropometry and Pregnancy Outcomes. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 1996, 53(3):219–233.

50. Han Z, Lutsiv O, Mulla S, McDonald SD: Maternal height and the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada: JOGC Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada: JOGC 2012, 34(8):721–746. doi: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)35337-3 22947405

51. Bhutta ZA, Das JK, Rizvi A, Gaffey MF, Walker N, Horton S, Webb P, Lartey A, Black RE: Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost? Lancet (London, England) 2013, 382(9890):452–477.

52. Christian P, Mullany LC, Hurley KM, Katz J, Black RE: Nutrition and maternal, neonatal, and child health. Seminars in perinatology 2015, 39(5):361–372. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2015.06.009 26166560

53. Gillman MW, Barker D, Bier D, Cagampang F, Challis J, Fall C, Godfrey K, Gluckman P, Hanson M, Kuh D et al: Meeting report on the 3rd International Congress on Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). Pediatric research 2007, 61(5 Pt 1):625–629. doi: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e3180459fcd 17413866

54. Tohyama C. (2019) Maternal Exposure to Environmental Chemicals and Health Outcomes Later in Life. In: Sata F., Fukuoka H., Hanson M. (eds) Pre-emptive Medicine: Public Health Aspects of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease. Current Topics in Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine. Springer, Singapore.

55. Nnam NM: Improving maternal nutrition for better pregnancy outcomes. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2015, 74(4):454–459. doi: 10.1017/S0029665115002396 26264457

56. Ho A, Flynn AC, Pasupathy D: Nutrition in pregnancy. Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine 2016, 26(9):259–264.

57. Dude AM, Lane-Cordova AD, Grobman WA. Interdelivery weight gain and risk of cesarean delivery following a prior vaginal delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017;217(3):373.e1–373.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.05.024 28526451

58. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Fryar CD, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity among adults and youth: United States, 2011–2014. NCHS Data Brief. 2015;(219):1–8. 26633046

59. Lisonkova S, Muraca GM, Potts J, et al. Association between prepregnancy body mass index and severe maternal morbidity. JAMA. 2017;318(18):1777–1786. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.16191 29136442

60. Dietz PM, Bombard JM, Hutchings YL, et al. Validation of obstetric estimate of gestational age on US birth certificates. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. Apr; 2014 210(4):335, e331–335. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.875 24184397

61. Schroeder SA: Heavier but Healthier—Diabetes and Smoking Cessation. New England Journal of Medicine 2018, 379(7):684–685. doi: 10.1056/NEJMe1809004 30110593

62. Stewart ST, Cutler DM, Rosen AB. Forecasting the effects of obesity and smoking on U.S. life expectancy. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(23):2252–2260. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa0900459 19955525


Článek vyšel v časopise

PLOS One


2019 Číslo 9
Nejčtenější tento týden