An international survey of perceptions of the 2014 FIFA World Cup: National levels of corruption as a context for perceptions of institutional corruption


Autoři: John B. Nezlek aff001;  David B. Newman aff003;  Astrid Schütz aff004;  Roy F. Baumeister aff005;  Joanna Schug aff002;  Mohsen Joshanloo aff006;  Paulo N. Lopes aff007;  Nicholas P. Alt aff008;  Marzena Cypryańska aff009;  Marco Depietri aff010;  Oleg Gorbaniuk aff011;  Pascal Huguet aff012;  Konstantinos Kafetsios aff013;  Selda Koydemir aff004;  Peter Kuppens aff014;  Sanghee Park aff015;  Alvaro San Martin aff016;  Juliette Schaafsma aff017;  Dora Simunovic aff018;  Kunihiro Yokota aff019
Působiště autorů: Institute of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznań, Poland aff001;  Department of Psychological Sciences, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, United States of America aff002;  Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America aff003;  Department of Psychology, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany aff004;  School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia aff005;  Department of Psychology, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea aff006;  Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal aff007;  Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America aff008;  Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland aff009;  Language Centre, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany aff010;  Institute of Psychology, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland aff011;  National Centre for Scientific Research, Blaise Pascal University, Clermont-Ferrand, France aff012;  Department of Psychology, University of Crete. Rethymno, Greece aff013;  Research unit for Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium aff014;  Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju-si, South Korea aff015;  Department of Managing People in Organizations, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain aff016;  Department of Communication and Cognition, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands aff017;  Bremen International Graduate School of Social Sciences, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany aff018;  Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Miura, Japan aff019
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222492

Souhrn

We conducted a survey about the 2014 FIFA World Cup that measured attitudes about FIFA, players, and officials in 18 languages with 4600 respondents from 29 countries. Sixty percent of respondents perceived FIFA officials as being dishonest, and people from countries with less institutional corruption and stronger rule of law perceived FIFA officials as being more corrupt and less competent running the tournament than people from countries with more corruption and weaker rule of law. In contrast, respondents evaluated players as skilled and honest and match officials as competent and honest. We discuss the implications of our findings for perceptions of corruption in general.

Klíčová slova:

Games – Governments – Law enforcement – Sensory perception – Sports – Surveys – United States – Contract law


Zdroje

1. Dimant E. & Tosato G. Causes and effects of corruption: What has the past decade’s empirical research taught us? A survey. Journal of Economic Surveys 2017; 32:335–356

2. Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A, & Mastruzzi, M. Worldwide Governance Indicators. 2014. http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.aspx#home

3. Sugden J. & Tomlinson A. Badfellas: FIFA Family at War. Mainstream: Edinburgh, Scotland; 2003.

4. Sugden J. & Tomlinson A. Football, Corruption and Lies: Revisiting ‘Badfellas’, the book FIFA tried to ban. Routledge: Abingdon, UK; 2016.

5. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/18/sports/soccer/michael-j-garcia-resigns-as-fifa-prosecutor-in-protest.html

6. https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/03/sports/fifa-scandal-arrests-in-switzerland.html

7. Simmons D. A. C., Urbina R., & Hempe E. Integrity Committee Report of Investigation. New York: The Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football; 2013.

8. https://newsday.co.tt/2018/02/20/jack-warner-extradition-on-hold/

9. Hastorf A. H., & Cantril H. They saw a game; a case study. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 1954; 49:129–134.

10. Bless H., & Schwarz N. Mental construal and the emergence of assimilation and contrast effects: The inclusion/exclusion model. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. 2010; 42:319–374.

11. Schimmack U., Diener E., & Oishi S. Life‐satisfaction is a momentary judgment and a stable personality characteristic: The use of chronically accessible and stable sources. Journal of Personality. 2002; 70:345–384. doi: 10.1111/1467-6494.05008 12049164

12. Schwarz N., & Strack F. Reports of subjective well-being: Judgmental processes and their methodological implications. In: Kahneman D., Diener E., and Schwarz N. editors. Well-being: The foundations of hedonic psychology. New York: Russell-Sage. 1999: pp. 61–84.

13. Schwarz N., & Clore G. L. Mood, misattribution, and judgments of well-being: Informative and directive functions of affective states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1983; 45:513–523.

14. Schwarz N., & Bless H. Mental construal processes: The inclusion/exclusion model. In: Stapel D. A. & Suls J. editors. Assimilation and contrast in social psychology. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press. 2007: pp. 119–141.

15. Kenrick D. T., & Gutierres S. E. Contrast effects and judgments of physical attractiveness: When beauty becomes a social problem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1980; 38:131–141.

16. Gehlbach H., & Brinkworth M. E. Measure twice, cut down error: A Process for enhancing the validity of survey scales. Review of General Psychology. 2011; 15:380–387. doi: 10.1037/a0025704

17. Treisman D. What we have learned about the causes of corruption from ten years of cross-national empirical research? Annual Review of Political Science. 2007; 10:211–244.

18. Transparency International [Internet]. Berlin: Transparency International [cited 2019 Jan 15]. https://www.transparency.org/.

19. Scherbaum C. M., & Ferreter J. M. Estimating statistical power and required sample sizes for organizational research using multilevel modeling. Organizational Research Methods. 2009; 12:237–367.

20. Nezlek J. B. Multilevel modeling and cross-cultural research. In: Matsumoto D. & van de Vijver A. J. R., editors. Cross-Cultural research methods in psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2010. pp. 299–347.

21. Nezlek J. B. Multilevel random coefficient analyses of event and interval contingent data in social and personality psychology research. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 2001; 27:771–785. doi: 10.1177/0146167201277001

22. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/18/sports/soccer/michel-platini-qatar-world-cup.html


Článek vyšel v časopise

PLOS One


2019 Číslo 9
Nejčtenější tento týden