Evaluating coral trophic strategies using fatty acid composition and indices

English version

Autoři: Veronica Z. Radice ^aff001; Michael T. Brett ^aff003; Brian Fry ^aff004; Michael D. Fox ^aff005; Ove Hoegh-Guldberg ^aff001; Sophie G. Dove ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia ^aff001; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia ^aff002; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America ^aff003; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia ^aff004; Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America ^aff005
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222327

Souhrn

The ecological success of shallow water reef-building corals has been linked to the symbiosis between the coral host and its dinoflagellate symbionts (herein ‘symbionts’). As mixotrophs, symbiotic corals depend on nutrients 1) transferred from their photosynthetic symbionts (autotrophy) and 2) acquired by host feeding on particulate organic resources (heterotrophy). However, coral species differ in the extent to which they depend on heterotrophy for nutrition and these differences are typically poorly defined. Here, a multi-tracer fatty acid approach was used to evaluate the trophic strategies of three species of common reef-building coral (Galaxea fascicularis, Pachyseris speciosa, and Pocillopora verrucosa) whose trophic strategies had previously been identified using carbon stable isotopes. The composition and various indices of fatty acids were compared to examine the relative contribution of symbiont autotrophy and host heterotrophy in coral energy acquisition. A linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to estimate the contribution of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived from various potential sources to the coral hosts. The total fatty acid composition and fatty acid indices revealed differences between the more heterotrophic (P. verrucosa) and more autotrophic (P. speciosa) coral hosts, with the coral host G. fascicularis showing overlap with the other two species and greater variability overall. For the more heterotrophic P. verrucosa, the fatty acid indices and LDA results both indicated a greater proportion of copepod-derived fatty acids compared to the other coral species. Overall, the LDA estimated that PUFA derived from particulate resources (e.g., copepods and diatoms) comprised a greater proportion of coral host PUFA in contrast to the lower proportion of symbiont-derived PUFA. These estimates provide insight into the importance of heterotrophy in coral nutrition, especially in productive reef systems. The study supports carbon stable isotope results and demonstrates the utility of fatty acid analyses for exploring the trophic strategies of reef-building corals.

Klíčová slova:

Biology and life sciences – Biochemistry – Lipids – Fatty acids – Marine biology – Corals – Coral reefs – Microbiology – Medical microbiology – Microbial pathogens – Fungal pathogens – Phialophora verrucosa – Mycology – Species interactions – Symbiosis – Organisms – Eukaryota – Animals – Invertebrates – Arthropoda – Crustaceans – Copepods – Earth sciences – Marine and aquatic sciences – Reefs – Medicine and health sciences – Pathology and laboratory medicine – Pathogens – Research and analysis methods – Mathematical and statistical techniques – Statistical methods – Linear discriminant analysis – Physical sciences – Mathematics – Statistics – Materials science – Materials – Mixtures – Particulates

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Evaluating coral trophic strategies using fatty acid composition and indices

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PLOS One

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