Loss of FOXM1 in macrophages promotes pulmonary fibrosis by activating p38 MAPK signaling pathway

English version

Autoři: Chinmayee Goda ^aff001; David Balli ^aff001; Markaisa Black ^aff001; David Milewski ^aff001; Tien Le ^aff001; Vladimir Ustiyan ^aff001; Xiaomeng Ren ^aff001; Vladimir V. Kalinichenko ^aff001; Tanya V. Kalin ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Division of Pulmonary Biology, the Perinatal Institute of Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America ^aff001; Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, the Perinatal Institute of Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America ^aff002
Vyšlo v časopise: Loss of FOXM1 in macrophages promotes pulmonary fibrosis by activating p38 MAPK signaling pathway. PLoS Genet 16(4): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008692
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008692

Souhrn

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic disease with high mortality and is refractory to treatment. Pulmonary macrophages can both promote and repress fibrosis, however molecular mechanisms regulating macrophage functions during fibrosis remain poorly understood. FOXM1 is a transcription factor and is not expressed in quiescent lungs. Herein, we show that FOXM1 is highly expressed in pulmonary macrophages within fibrotic lungs of IPF patients and mouse fibrotic lungs. Macrophage-specific deletion of Foxm1 in mice (myFoxm1^-/-) exacerbated pulmonary fibrosis. Inactivation of FOXM1 in vivo and in vitro increased p38 MAPK signaling in macrophages and decreased DUSP1, a negative regulator of p38 MAPK pathway. FOXM1 directly activated Dusp1 promoter. Overexpression of DUSP1 in FOXM1-deficient macrophages prevented activation of p38 MAPK pathway. Adoptive transfer of wild-type monocytes to myFoxm1^-/- mice alleviated bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Altogether, contrary to known pro-fibrotic activities in lung epithelium and fibroblasts, FOXM1 has anti-fibrotic function in macrophages by regulating p38 MAPK.

Klíčová slova:

Alveolar macrophages – Collagens – Fibroblasts – Fibrosis – Macrophages – MAPK signaling cascades – Mouse models – Pulmonary fibrosis

Zdroje

1. Murray PJ, Wynn TA. Protective and pathogenic functions of macrophage subsets. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011;11(11):723–37. doi: 10.1038/nri3073 21997792

2. Wynn TA. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis. J Pathol. 2008;214(2):199–210. doi: 10.1002/path.2277 18161745

3. Wynn TA. Fibrotic disease and the T(H)1/T(H)2 paradigm. Nat Rev Immunol. 2004;4(8):583–94. doi: 10.1038/nri1412 15286725

4. Xiao W, Hong H, Kawakami Y, Lowell CA, Kawakami T. Regulation of myeloproliferation and M2 macrophage programming in mice by Lyn/Hck, SHIP, and Stat5. J Clin Invest. 2008;118(3):924–34. doi: 10.1172/JCI34013 18246197

5. Gabbiani G. The myofibroblast in wound healing and fibrocontractive diseases. J Pathol. 2003;200(4):500–3. doi: 10.1002/path.1427 12845617

6. Pesce JT, Ramalingam TR, Wilson MS, Mentink-Kane MM, Thompson RW, Cheever AW, et al. Retnla (relmalpha/fizz1) suppresses helminth-induced Th2-type immunity. PLoS Pathog. 2009;5(4):e1000393. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000393 19381262

7. Wilson MS, Elnekave E, Mentink-Kane MM, Hodges MG, Pesce JT, Ramalingam TR, et al. IL-13Ralpha2 and IL-10 coordinately suppress airway inflammation, airway-hyperreactivity, and fibrosis in mice. J Clin Invest. 2007;117(10):2941–51. doi: 10.1172/JCI31546 17885690

8. Pesce JT, Ramalingam TR, Mentink-Kane MM, Wilson MS, El Kasmi KC, Smith AM, et al. Arginase-1-expressing macrophages suppress Th2 cytokine-driven inflammation and fibrosis. PLoS Pathog. 2009;5(4):e1000371. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000371 19360123

9. Cabrera S, Gaxiola M, Arreola JL, Ramirez R, Jara P, D'Armiento J, et al. Overexpression of MMP9 in macrophages attenuates pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39(12):2324–38. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2007.06.022 17702637

10. Fallowfield JA, Mizuno M, Kendall TJ, Constandinou CM, Benyon RC, Duffield JS, et al. Scar-associated macrophages are a major source of hepatic matrix metalloproteinase-13 and facilitate the resolution of murine hepatic fibrosis. J Immunol. 2007;178(8):5288–95. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.8.5288 17404313

11. Barron L, Wynn TA. Fibrosis is regulated by Th2 and Th17 responses and by dynamic interactions between fibroblasts and macrophages. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2011;300(5):G723–8. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00414.2010 21292997

12. Roberts AB, Sporn MB, Assoian RK, Smith JM, Roche NS, Wakefield LM, et al. Transforming growth factor type beta: rapid induction of fibrosis and angiogenesis in vivo and stimulation of collagen formation in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986;83(12):4167–71. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.12.4167 2424019

13. Kolb M, Margetts PJ, Anthony DC, Pitossi F, Gauldie J. Transient expression of IL-1beta induces acute lung injury and chronic repair leading to pulmonary fibrosis. J Clin Invest. 2001;107(12):1529–36. doi: 10.1172/JCI12568 11413160

14. Shimokado K, Raines EW, Madtes DK, Barrett TB, Benditt EP, Ross R. A significant part of macrophage-derived growth factor consists of at least two forms of PDGF. Cell. 1985;43(1):277–86. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90033-9 2416458

15. Nagaoka I, Trapnell BC, Crystal RG. Upregulation of platelet-derived growth factor-A and -B gene expression in alveolar macrophages of individuals with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. J Clin Invest. 1990;85(6):2023–7. doi: 10.1172/JCI114669 2347924

16. Broekelmann TJ, Limper AH, Colby TV, McDonald JA. Transforming growth factor beta 1 is present at sites of extracellular matrix gene expression in human pulmonary fibrosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991;88(15):6642–6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.15.6642 1862087

17. Byrne AJ, Maher TM, Lloyd CM. Pulmonary Macrophages: A New Therapeutic Pathway in Fibrosing Lung Disease? Trends Mol Med. 2016.

18. Vittal R, Fisher A, Gu H, Mickler EA, Panitch A, Lander C, et al. Peptide-mediated inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2 ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2013;49(1):47–57. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0389OC 23470623

19. Kalin TV, Ustiyan V, Kalinichenko VV. Multiple faces of FoxM1 transcription factor: lessons from transgenic mouse models. Cell Cycle. 2011;10(3):396–405. doi: 10.4161/cc.10.3.14709 21270518

20. Balli D, Ustiyan V, Zhang Y, Wang IC, Masino AJ, Ren X, et al. Foxm1 transcription factor is required for lung fibrosis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. EMBO J. 2013;32(2):231–44. doi: 10.1038/emboj.2012.336 23288041

21. Penke LR, Speth JM, Dommeti VL, White ES, Bergin IL, Peters-Golden M. FOXM1 is a critical driver of lung fibroblast activation and fibrogenesis. J Clin Invest. 2018;128(6):2389–405. doi: 10.1172/JCI87631 29733296

22. Im J, Lawrence J, Seelig D, Nho RS. FoxM1-dependent RAD51 and BRCA2 signaling protects idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibroblasts from radiation-induced cell death. Cell Death Dis. 2018;9(6):584. doi: 10.1038/s41419-018-0652-4 29789556

23. Franklin CC, Kraft AS. Conditional expression of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase MKP-1 preferentially inhibits p38 MAPK and stress-activated protein kinase in U937 cells. J Biol Chem. 1997;272(27):16917–23. doi: 10.1074/jbc.272.27.16917 9202001

24. Balli D, Ren X, Chou FS, Cross E, Zhang Y, Kalinichenko VV, et al. Foxm1 transcription factor is required for macrophage migration during lung inflammation and tumor formation. Oncogene. 2012;31(34):3875–88. doi: 10.1038/onc.2011.549 22139074

25. Ren X, Zhang Y, Snyder J, Cross ER, Shah TA, Kalin TV, et al. Forkhead box M1 transcription factor is required for macrophage recruitment during liver repair. Mol Cell Biol. 2010;30(22):5381–93. doi: 10.1128/MCB.00876-10 20837707

26. Ren X. Forkhead Box M1 Transcription Factor Is Required for Macrophage Recruitment during Liver Repair. Mol Cell Biol. 2010.

27. Zhang J, Patel JM. Role of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in chronic inflammatory lung diseases. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2010;3(3):233–44. 20827321

28. Madsen DH, Leonard D, Masedunskas A, Moyer A, Jurgensen HJ, Peters DE, et al. M2-like macrophages are responsible for collagen degradation through a mannose receptor-mediated pathway. J Cell Biol. 2013;202(6):951–66. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201301081 24019537

29. Qian F, Deng J, Wang G, Ye RD, Christman JW. Pivotal Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Activated Protein Kinase 2 in Inflammatory Pulmonary Diseases. Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2016;17(4):332–42. doi: 10.2174/1389203716666150629121324 26119506

30. Matsuoka H, Arai T, Mori M, Goya S, Kida H, Morishita H, et al. A p38 MAPK inhibitor, FR-167653, ameliorates murine bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2002;283(1):L103–12. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00187.2001 12060566

31. Wynn TA. Integrating mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis. J Exp Med. 2011;208(7):1339–50. doi: 10.1084/jem.20110551 21727191

32. Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV. Is there potential to target FOXM1 for 'undruggable' lung cancers? Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2015;19(7):865–7. doi: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1042366 25936405

33. Milewski D, Balli D, Ustiyan V, Le T, Dienemann H, Warth A, et al. FOXM1 activates AGR2 and causes progression of lung adenomas into invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas. PLoS Genet. 2017;13(12):e1007097. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007097 29267283

34. Ren X, Shah TA, Ustiyan V, Zhang Y, Shinn J, Chen G, et al. FOXM1 promotes allergen-induced goblet cell metaplasia and pulmonary inflammation. Mol Cell Biol. 2013;33(2):371–86. doi: 10.1128/MCB.00934-12 23149934

35. Sun L, Ren X, Wang IC, Pradhan A, Zhang Y, Flood HM, et al. The FOXM1 inhibitor RCM-1 suppresses goblet cell metaplasia and prevents IL-13 and STAT6 signaling in allergen-exposed mice. Sci Signal. 2017;10(475).

36. Cobb MH, Goldsmith EJ. How MAP kinases are regulated. J Biol Chem. 1995;270(25):14843–6. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.25.14843 7797459

37. Matsumoto K, Hashimoto S, Gon Y, Nakayama T, Horie T. Proinflammatory cytokine-induced and chemical mediator-induced IL-8 expression in human bronchial epithelial cells through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent pathway. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998;101(6 Pt 1):825–31. doi: 10.1016/S0091-6749(98)70311-2 9648711

38. Jersmann HPA, Hii CST, Ferrante JV, Ferrante A. Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Synergistically Increase Expression of Human Endothelial Adhesion Molecules through Activation of NF-κB and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways. Infect Immun. 2001;69(3):1273–9. doi: 10.1128/IAI.69.3.1273-1279.2001 11179288

39. Zu YL, Qi J, Gilchrist A, Fernandez GA, Vazquez-Abad D, Kreutzer DL, et al. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation is required for human neutrophil function triggered by TNF-alpha or FMLP stimulation. J Immunol. 1998;160(4):1982–9. 9469462

40. Manthey CL, Wang SW, Kinney SD, Yao Z. SB202190, a selective inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, is a powerful regulator of LPS-induced mRNAs in monocytes. J Leukoc Biol. 1998;64(3):409–17. doi: 10.1002/jlb.64.3.409 9738669

41. Yoshida K, Kuwano K, Hagimoto N, Watanabe K, Matsuba T, Fujita M, et al. MAP kinase activation and apoptosis in lung tissues from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. J Pathol. 2002;198(3):388–96. doi: 10.1002/path.1208 12375272

42. Khalil N, Xu YD, O'Connor R, Duronio V. Proliferation of pulmonary interstitial fibroblasts is mediated by transforming growth factor-beta1-induced release of extracellular fibroblast growth factor-2 and phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and JNK. J Biol Chem. 2005;280(52):43000–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M510441200 16246848

43. Liu T, Warburton RR, Guevara OE, Hill NS, Fanburg BL, Gaestel M, et al. Lack of MK2 inhibits myofibroblast formation and exacerbates pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2007;37(5):507–17. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2007-0077OC 17600313

44. Kolosova I, Nethery D, Kern JA. Role of Smad2/3 and p38 MAP kinase in TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of pulmonary epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol. 2011;226(5):1248–54. doi: 10.1002/jcp.22448 20945383

45. Murray LA, Chen Q, Kramer MS, Hesson DP, Argentieri RL, Peng X, et al. TGF-beta driven lung fibrosis is macrophage dependent and blocked by Serum amyloid P. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2011;43(1):154–62. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.10.013 21044893

46. Li D, Guabiraba R, Besnard AG, Komai-Koma M, Jabir MS, Zhang L, et al. IL-33 promotes ST2-dependent lung fibrosis by the induction of alternatively activated macrophages and innate lymphoid cells in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;134(6):1422–32 e11. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.05.011 24985397

47. Redente EF, Keith RC, Janssen W, Henson PM, Ortiz LA, Downey GP, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha accelerates the resolution of established pulmonary fibrosis in mice by targeting profibrotic lung macrophages. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2014;50(4):825–37. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0386OC 24325577

48. Wang Y, Kuai Q, Gao F, Wang Y, He M, Zhou H, et al. Overexpression of TIM-3 in Macrophages Aggravates Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2019;61(6):727–36. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0070OC 31162951

49. Balli D, Zhang Y, Snyder J, Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV. Endothelial cell-specific deletion of transcription factor FoxM1 increases urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis. Cancer Res. 2011;71(1):40–50. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2004 21199796

50. Raghu G, Collard HR, Egan JJ, Martinez FJ, Behr J, Brown KK, et al. An official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT statement: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and management. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011;183(6):788–824. doi: 10.1164/rccm.2009-040GL 21471066

51. Noble PW, Barkauskas CE, Jiang D. Pulmonary fibrosis: patterns and perpetrators. J Clin Invest. 2012;122(8):2756–62. doi: 10.1172/JCI60323 22850886

52. Cai Y, Bolte C, Le T, Goda C, Xu Y, Kalin TV, et al. FOXF1 maintains endothelial barrier function and prevents edema after lung injury. Sci Signal. 2016;9(424):ra40. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.aad1899 27095594

53. Cheng X-H, Black M, Ustiyan V, Le T, Fulford L, Sridharan A, et al. SPDEF Inhibits Prostate Carcinogenesis by Disrupting a Positive Feedback Loop in Regulation of the Foxm1 Oncogene. PLoS Genet. 2014;10(9):e1004656. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004656 25254494

54. Wang IC, Snyder J, Zhang Y, Lander J, Nakafuku Y, Lin J, et al. Foxm1 mediates cross talk between Kras/mitogen-activated protein kinase and canonical Wnt pathways during development of respiratory epithelium. Mol Cell Biol. 2012;32(19):3838–50. doi: 10.1128/MCB.00355-12 22826436

55. Xia H, Ren X, Bolte CS, Ustiyan V, Zhang Y, Shah TA, et al. Foxm1 regulates resolution of hyperoxic lung injury in newborns. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2015;52(5):611–21. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0091OC 25275225

56. Zaynagetdinov R, Sherrill TP, Kendall PL, Segal BH, Weller KP, Tighe RM, et al. Identification of myeloid cell subsets in murine lungs using flow cytometry. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2013;49(2):180–9. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0366MA 23492192

57. Westcott DJ, Delproposto JB, Geletka LM, Wang T, Singer K, Saltiel AR, et al. MGL1 promotes adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance by regulating 7/4hi monocytes in obesity. J Exp Med. 2009;206(13):3143–56. doi: 10.1084/jem.20091333 19995956

58. Suzuki T, Arumugam P, Sakagami T, Lachmann N, Chalk C, Sallese A, et al. Pulmonary Macrophage Transplantation Therapy. Nature. 2014;514(7523):450–4. doi: 10.1038/nature13807 25274301

Článek High expression in maize pollen correlates with genetic contributions to pollen fitness as well as with coordinated transcription from neighboring transposable elements

Článek XPF-ERCC1 protects liver, kidney and blood homeostasis outside the canonical excision repair pathways

Článek The nanophthalmos protein TMEM98 inhibits MYRF self-cleavage and is required for eye size specification

Článek Is imprinting the result of “friendly fire” by the host defense system?

Článek XPF–ERCC1: Linchpin of DNA crosslink repair

Článek Molecular genetics of maternally-controlled cell divisions

Článek Loss-of-function tolerance of enhancers in the human genome

Článek Is adaptation limited by mutation? A timescale-dependent effect of genetic diversity on the adaptive substitution rate in animals

Článek Postglacial migration shaped the genomic diversity and global distribution of the wild ancestor of lager-brewing hybrids

Článek Pathological mechanism and antisense oligonucleotide-mediated rescue of a non-coding variant suppressing factor 9 RNA biogenesis leading to hemophilia B

Článek Inference of past demography, dormancy and self-fertilization rates from whole genome sequence data

Článek FANCJ helicase promotes DNA end resection by facilitating CtIP recruitment to DNA double-strand breaks