Náhodná materská úmrtnosť na Slovensku v rokoch 2007– 2024

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Autoři: D. Kotríková; M. Vargová; A. Adamec; A. Krištúfková; M. Korbeľ
Působiště autorů: st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic ¹
Vyšlo v časopise: Ceska Gynekol 2025; 90(4): 278-284
Kategorie: Původní práce
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/cccg2025278

Souhrn

Cieľ: Analýza náhodnej úmrtnosti matiek na Slovensku v rokoch 2007–2024 z databázy Slovenskej gynekologickej a pôrodnej spoločnosti (rozšírené štatistické údaje). Metódy: Retrospektívna populačná analýza materskej úmrtnosti v rokoch 2007 až 2024 sa zameriavala na náhodné úmrtia matiek. Analýza prípadov náhodnej materskej mortality bola vykonaná podľa Medzinárodnej klasifikácie chorôb (ICD-10) pre materskú mortalitu (ICD-MM). Výsledky: Medzi rokmi 2007 a 2024 zomrelo na Slovensku 123 žien. Index materskej mortality (MMR –⁠ maternal mortality ratio) bol 12,46 na 100 000 živonarodených detí. Pätnásť žien (12,20 %) zomrelo z náhodných príčin (MMR 1,52/100 000 živonarodených detí). Z priamych príčin zomrelo 51 žien (41,46%) z nepriamych príčin 54 žien (43,90 %) a tri ženy (2,44 %) umreli z neznámej príčiny. Z náhodných úmrtí, 80 % bolo v dôsledku polytraumy –⁠ autonehody (66,67 %), zrazenie vlakom (6,67 %), zaseknutie vo výťahovej šachte (6,67 %). Tri prípady úmrtí boli v dôsledku vraždy (domáce násilie) –⁠ 20 %. Záver: Štúdia poukazuje na problém nedostatočného rozpoznávania náhodných materských úmrtí napriek ich významnému vplyvu na verejné zdravie. Slovenská gynekologicko-pôrodnícka spoločnosť sa snaží identifikovať a zhromažďovať údaje o náhodnej materskej úmrtnosti na Slovensku, ktorá nie je zahrnutá v oficiálnych štatistikách. Riešenie tohto prehliadaného problému je kľúčové pre zlepšenie materského zdravia a zabezpečenie komplexnej bezpečnosti matiek na celom svete.

Klíčová slova:

polytrauma – materská mortalita – náhodná materská úmrtnosť – index materskej úmrtnosti – vražda

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