Evidence of defined temporal expression patterns that lead a gram-negative cell out of dormancy
Autoři:
Nandhini Ashok aff001; Carl E. Bauer aff002
Působiště autorů:
Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
aff001; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
aff002
Vyšlo v časopise:
Evidence of defined temporal expression patterns that lead a gram-negative cell out of dormancy. PLoS Genet 16(3): e1008660. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008660
Kategorie:
Research Article
doi:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008660
Souhrn
Many bacterial species are capable of forming long-lived dormant cells. The best characterized are heat and desiccation resistant spores produced by many Gram-positive species. Less characterized are dormant cysts produced by several Gram-negative species that are somewhat tolerant to increased temperature and very resistant to desiccation. While there is progress in understanding regulatory circuits that control spore germination, there is scarce information on how Gram-negative organisms emerges from dormancy. In this study, we show that R. centenum cysts germinate by emerging a pair of motile vegetative cells from a thick cyst cell wall coat ~ 6 hrs post induction of germination. Time-lapse transcriptomic analysis reveals that there is a defined temporal pattern of gene expression changes during R. centenum cyst germination. The first observable changes are increases in expression of genes for protein synthesis, an increase in expression of genes involved in the generation of a membrane potential and the use of this potential for ATP synthesis via ATPase expression. These early events are followed by expression changes that affect the cell wall and membrane composition, followed by expression changes that promote chromosome replication. Midway through germination, expression changes occur that promote the flow of carbon through the TCA cycle to generate reducing power and parallel synthesis of electron transfer components involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Finally, late expression changes promote the synthesis of a photosystem as well as flagellar and chemotaxis components for motility.
Klíčová slova:
Bacterial spores – Cell walls – DNA replication – Flagella – Gene expression – Gene regulation – Gram negative bacteria – Protein synthesis
Zdroje
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