Cirkulujúce nádorové bunky u rakoviny prsníka – prehľad

English version

Autoři: B. Vertakova Krakovska ^1,2; L. Sanislo ³; S. Spanik ^1,2; J. Svec ^1,4; D. Ondrus ¹
Působiště autorů: Department of Medical Oncology, St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ²; Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ³; Department of Oncology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ⁴; st Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ¹¹
Vyšlo v časopise: Klin Onkol 2010; 23(2): 86-91
Kategorie: Přehledy

Souhrn

Diseminované malignity sú zodpovedné za väčšinu úmrtí na rakovinu. Cirkulujúce nádorové bunky (circulating tumor cells – CTC) sú generované počas metastatického procesu. Prítomnosť CTC, epiteliálnych buniek nachádzajúcich sa v periférnej krvi, je povinný krok rozvoja vzdialených metastáz. Cirkulujúce epitelové bunky majú morfológiu malígnych buniek a ich počet v krvi koreluje s rozsahom nádorovej choroby. Na detekciu CTC v periférnej krvi sú využívané dva hlavné prístupy:1) metóda využívajúca reakciu s protilátkou a 2) na detekcii nukleových kyselín založené techniky. Nádorové bunky s HER‑ 2 overexpresiou sú často rezistentné na cytotoxickú liečbu a rádioterapiu. Širšie klinické použitie detekcie minimálnej zvyškovej choroby je čiastočne obmedzené nedostatkom štandardizovaných metód detekcie. Nedávne štúdie naznačujú, že okrem prognostického významu nádorových buniek môže byť ich stanovenie dôležité pri liečbe a následnom sledovaní pacienta, alebo ako potenciálne ciele pre cielenú terapiu. Perzistencia minimálnej reziduálnej/ zvyškovej choroby po primárnej liečbe môže byť indíciou na podanie rozsiahlej adjuvantnej liečby, aby sa zabránilo relapsu ochorenia. Detekcia CTC a využívanie prognostických markerov, ako je HER‑ 2 overexpresia, môže napomôcť lepšie pochopiť biológiu a klinický význam prítomnosti CTC u pacientov s karcinómom prsníka.

Kľúčové slová:
metastatická rakovina prsníka – cirkulujúce nádorové bunky – minimálna reziduálna/ zvyšková choroba

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