Authors: J. Kozáková 1 ; S. Vohrnová 1,2 ; M. Honskus 1,2 ; Z. Okonji 1,2 ; P. Křížová 1 Authors place of work: Národní referenční laboratoř pro streptokokové nákazy, Centrum epidemiologie a mikrobiologie, Státní zdravotní ústav, Praha 1; 3. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Praha 2 Published in the journal: Epidemiol. Mikrobiol. Imunol. 74, 2025, č. 4, s. 191-204 Category: Původní práce doi: https://doi.org/10.61568/emi/11-6600/20251001/141812
Aim: Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) analysis of populations of Streptococcus pneumoniae of serotypes 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, and 33F involved in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in the Czech Republic (CR) in 2013–2023.
Materials and Methods: The analysed serotypes of S. pneumoniae have been included in the recently registered pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV): PCV15 and PCV20. The epidemiological analysis of the incidence of selected serotypes was based on nationwide IPD surveillance data from 2013–2023. WGS was used to analyse 177 isolates of S. pneumoniae of five serotypes: 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, and 33F recovered from IPD in CR in 2013–2023. The Illumina MiSeq platform was used for WGS. The WGS data were analysed using tools of the PubMLST database where WGS data have been publicly accessible.
Results: Epidemiological analysis of the incidence of S. pneumoniae serotypes 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, and 33F involved in IPD showed their increase after the vaccines PCV7, PCV10, and PCV13 had been introduced in CR. IPD cases caused by serotype 10A peaked in 2015 (17 cases), serotype 11A was the most frequent cause in 2018 (19 cases), serotype 12F predominated in 2015 (18 cases), serotype 15B in 2023 (11 cases), and serotype 33F in 2015 (6 cases). During the COVID-19 pandemic, IPD cases caused by the listed serotypes declined. In the post-pandemic period, the involvement of serotypes 10A and 11A in IPD cases increased again, as did that of serotype 15B. WGS data analysis showed a clear dominance of a large and genetically compact cluster of ST-1551 among Czech isolates of serotype 10A. Czech serotype 11A isolates were assigned primarily to ST-62 or other related sequencing types. Czech serotype 12F isolates were part of three major clusters unrelated to each other (ST-218, ST-989, and ST-8060). Czech serotype 15B isolates showed a high genetic heterogeneity and belonged to three major European clusters (ST-162, ST-199, and ST-1262) with a predominance of ST-162 isolates. In our study, serotype 33F was only represented by six isolates, four of which were of ST-100.
Conclusion: Both Czech and European populations of S. pneumoniae of different serotypes show considerable heterogeneity. They include serotypes in which related isolates of a single ST (11A) predominate, as well as serotypes that consist of several completely unrelated clusters (12F, 15B). The structures of these individual populations are continually changing over time and also differ within individual European countries. It is important to monitor S. pneumoniae populations as closely as possible and to use the data obtained to evaluate the possibilities for introducing new PCVs in the Czech Republic.
surveillance – Streptococcus pneumoniae – whole genome sequencing – serotypes 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, and 33F
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