Post-otoplasty keloid scars – treatment strategies and case reports

1. Ogawa R. Keloid and hypertrophic scars are the result of chronic inflammation in the reticular dermis. Int J Mol Sci. 2017, 18 (3): 606.

2. Berman B., Maderal A., Raphael B. Keloids and hypertrophic scars: pathophysiology, classification, and treatment. Dermatol Surg. 2017, 43 (Suppl 1): S3–S18.

3. Andrews JP., Marttala J., Macarak E., et al. Keloids: the paradigm of skin fibrosis –⁠ pathomechanisms and treatment. Matrix Biol. 2016, 51 : 37–46.

4. Bayat A., Arscott G., Ollier WE., et al. Keloid disease: clinical relevance of single versus multiple site scars. Br J Plast Surg. 2005, 58 (1): 28–37.

5. Marneros AG., Norris JE., Olsen BR., et al. Clinical genetics of familial keloids. Arch Dermatol. 2001, 137 (11): 1429–1434.

6. Nakashima M., Chung S., Takahashi A., et al. A genome-wide association study identifies four susceptibility loci for keloid in the Japanese population. Nat Genet. 2010, 42 (9): 768–771.

7. Chike-Obi CJ., Cole PD., Brissett AE. Keloids: pathogenesis, clinical features, and management. Semin Plast Surg. 2009, 23 (3): 178–184.

8. Park SY., Lee GH., Park JM., et al. Clinical characteristics of auricular keloids treated with surgical excision. Korean J Audiol. 2012, 16 (3): 134–137.

9. Mohammadi AA., Kardeh S., Motazedian GR., et al. Management of ear keloids using surgical excision combined with postoperative steroid injections. World J Plast Surg. 2019, 8 (3): 338–344.

10. Gold MH., McGuire M., Mustoe TA., et al. Updated international clinical recommendations on scar management: part 2 –⁠ algorithms for scar prevention and treatment. Dermatol Surg. 2014, 40 (8): 825–831.

11. Barolet D., Boucher A. Prophylactic low-level light therapy for the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids: a case series. Lasers Surg Med. 2010, 42 (6): 597–601.

12. Tahir SM., Ihebom D., Simman R. Compression therapy for keloid scars: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2024, 12 (6): e5864.

13. Mustoe TA., Cooter RD., Gold MH., et al. International clinical recommendations on scar management. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002, 110 (2): 560–571.

14. Yin Q., Wolkerstorfer A., Lapid O., et al. KECORT study: an international e-delphi study on the treatment of KEloids using intralesional CORTicosteroids in clinical practice. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2024, 25 (6): 1009–1017.

15. Vettorato E., Volonté P., Musazzi UM., et al. Skin microincision technique to enhance drug penetration for the treatment of keloid and hypertrophic scars. Int J Pharm. 2025, 671 : 125259.

16. Bouzari N., Davis SC., Nouri K. Laser treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars. Int J Dermatol. 2007, 46 (1): 80–88.

17. Branyiczky MK., Metko D., Hsu JTS., et al. Combination of carbon dioxide laser and triamcinolone acetonide for keloid and hypertrophic scar treatment: a systematic review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2025, 93 (3): 821–825.

18. Ogawa R., Yoshitatsu S., Yoshida K., et al. Is radiation therapy for keloids acceptable? The risk of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009, 124 (4): 1196–1201.

19. Manuskiatti W., Fitzpatrick RE. Treatment response of keloidal and hypertrophic sternotomy scars: comparison among intralesional corticosteroid, 5-fluorouracil, and 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser treatments. Arch Dermatol. 2002, 138 (9): 1149–1155.

Olga Košková, MD, PhD

Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery

University Hospital Brno

Jihlavská 200

625 00 Brno

Czech Republic

koskova.olga@gmail.com, koskova.olga@fnbrno.cz

Submitted: 9. 7. 2025

Accepted: 22. 11. 2025