Premature beats – arrhythmias and treatment options in the context of valvular heart disease

1. Vahanian A, Alfieri O, Andreotti F at al. Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease (version 2012). Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 2451– 2496.

2. Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY et al. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the task force for the management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2010; 31: 2369– 2429.

3. Camm AJ, Lip GY, De Caterina R et al. 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: an update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Developed with the special contribution ofthe European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 2719– 2747.

4. Lévy S, Breithardt G, Campbell RW et al. Atrial fibrillation: current knowledge and recommendations for management. Working Group on Arrhythmias of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 1998; 19: 1294– 1320.

5. Kirchhof P, Auricchio A, Bax J et al. Outcome parameters for trials in atrial fibrillation: executive summary. Eur Heart J 2007; 28: 2803– 2817.

6. Stewart S, Hart CL, Hole DJ et al. A population‑based study of the long‑term risks associated with atrial fibrillation: 20‑year follow‑up of the Renfrew/ Paisley study. Am J Med 2002; 113: 359– 364.

7. Francis GS, Goldsmith SR, Levine TB et al. The neurohumoral axis in congestive heart failure. Ann Intern Med 1984; 101: 370– 377.

8. Ramsdale DR, Arumugam N, Singh SS at al. Holter monitoring in patients with mitral stenosis and sinus rhythm. Eur Heart J 1987; 8: 164– 170.

9. Heinc P. Kdy léčit komorové extrasystoly. Interní Med 2007; 9: 448– 452.

10. Schmidt G, Ulm K, Barthel P et al. Spontaneous variability of simple and complex ventricular premature contractions during long time intervals in patients with severe organic heart disease. Circulation 1988; 78: 296– 301.

11. Healey JS, Baranchuk A, Crystal E et al. Prevention of atrial fibrillation with angiotensin‑converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: a meta‑analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 1832– 1839.

12. Komatsu T, Nakamura S, Suzuki O et al. Long‑term efficacy of combination therapy using antiarrhythmic agents and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation: importance of the timing of administration. J Cardiol 2003; 41: 73– 80.

13. Heinc P, Skála T, Táborský M et al. Strategie anti­arytmické léčby fibrilace síní u nemocných s chlopenní vadou. Interv Akut Kardiol 2011; 10: 62– 66.

14. Connolly SJ. Evidence‑based analysis of amiodarone efficacy and safety. Circulation 1999; 100: 2025– 2034.

15. Hohnloser SH, Crijns HJ, van Eickels M et al. Effect of dronedarone on cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 668– 678.

16. Kober L, Torp‑ Pedersen C, McMurray JJ et al. Increased mortality after dronedarone therapy for severe heart failure. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 2678– 2687.

17. Van Gelder IC, Groenveld HF, Crijns HJ et al. Lenient versus strict rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2010; 362: 1363– 1373.