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News Specific treatment of pulmonary involvement in patients with AAT deficiency −⁠ why, how, and for whom?

For patients with emphysema and decreased lung function due to alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), there is an approved specific treatment which involves the i.v. administration of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) derived from human plasma. This augmentation therapy slows the loss of lung tissue density. Its effects and impact on the frequency and duration of exacerbations, quality of life, lung functions, and patient mortality are less clear.

Source: Deficiency of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin 1. 11. 2022

News Aloe vera Extract in the Therapy of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

The therapy options for irritable bowel syndrome are relatively limited, thus complementary and alternative treatments besides conventional therapy are applied. Many patients report that using Aloe vera extract helps reduce their disease symptoms, although there is a lack of valid evidence from clinical studies. The pilot study presented below focused on evaluating the efficacy of Aloe vera extract compared to placebo in several dozen patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Source: Irritable Bowel Syndrome 12. 10. 2022

News Dupilumab –⁠ The First Biologic Umbrellaing Type 2 Inflammation Treatment: How Does It Work and Who Is It For?

A new drug is entering the market for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, asthma, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps –⁠ the biologic product Dupixent®. The active ingredient is dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody administered subcutaneously using a pre-filled syringe.

Source: Systemic treatment of atopic dermatitis, asthma, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis – Type 2 inflammation 5. 10. 2020

News Kadcyla in a New Indication –⁠ Adjuvant Therapy for Early HER2+ Breast Cancer

In December, the European Commission approved the expansion of the indication for Roche's medicinal product Kadcyla, which contains the active substance trastuzumab emtansine. This expansion makes adjuvant treatment accessible to a much larger number of patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer and reduces the likelihood of disease recurrence or progression.

Source: Breast Carcinoma 23. 1. 2020

News PID in children manifest differently, 10 warning signs help in diagnosis

We asked MUDr. Eva Hlaváčková from the Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, and St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno about the essential details regarding the 10 warning signs of primary immunodeficiencies (PID) and in which cases the vaccination schedule needs to be adapted for sick children.

Source: Primary and Secondary Immunodeficiencies 19. 4. 2021

News Full Compensation of Seizures as the Main Goal of Epilepsy Therapy: Will Patients Achieve It More Easily Than 20 Years Ago?

What is the relationship between the quality of life of patients and the degree of seizure compensation? Have the new antiepileptics (ASM) developed over the last decades improved the overall success rate of therapy?

Source: Epilepsy 28. 6. 2022

Články časopisu Fecal microbiota transplantation –⁠ past, present, and future

Author of the article: Stebel R., Vojtilová L., Husa P. Source: Gastroenterologie a hepatologie | 1/2020 25. 2. 2020

News Etiology and Therapy of Dry Eye Syndrome in a Nutshell

Dry eye syndrome, the most common diagnosis in outpatient ophthalmology practice, is a multifactorial disease with varying severity of symptoms. It reduces the quality of life and can also affect the patient's visual functions. Therapy is individualized according to the primary trigger of the disease and aims to restore the homeostasis of the ocular surface and tear film. Due to the rapid pace of modernization associated with numerous extrinsic factors contributing to the development of dry eye syndrome, its incidence is rising, as well as the number of topical therapeutic options.

Source: Ophthalmologic Diseases 15. 2. 2023

News Metformin −⁠ A Proven Helper That Effectively Protects the Heart of Diabetics

Metformin is one of the first-line medications for patients with type 2 diabetes. In addition to lowering blood glucose levels, it also affects other metabolic processes in the human body. Its antitumor, neuroprotective, and especially cardioprotective effects have been extensively studied, which can be advantageously utilized in the diabetic population.

Source: Modern Treatment of Diabetes 19. 10. 2020

News Empagliflozin Secures Reimbursement for Heart Failure Treatment

Starting May 1st, health insurance companies will cover Jardiance^® (empagliflozin) for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Cardiologists, pediatric cardiologists, angiologists, and internists will be able to prescribe it with reimbursement. This decision was made by the State Institute for Drug Control (SÚKL) in mid-April. Hundreds of thousands of Czechs suffering from this serious condition will now have access to another effective medication. The drug is manufactured by Boehringer Ingelheim.

Source: Heart Failure 3. 5. 2022

News Even a Single Epileptic Seizure is Too Much

Focal epileptic seizures resistant to pharmacotherapy represent an ongoing unmet medical need.

Source: Epilepsy 7. 4. 2022

News Colours of Sepsis 2023: Antimicrobial Stewardship is a Necessity. The Spectrum of Effective Antimicrobial Modalities has Expanded to Include Another Combination

Inappropriate antibiotic (ATB) treatment is associated with high mortality, while unrestricted use of broad-spectrum antibiotics drives resistance development. Thus, the decision to deploy antibiotics becomes a choice between the current and future patient. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is an essential strategy in daily operations. Extending the spectrum of antimicrobial agents is equally crucial in combatting resistant bacterial strains. A symposium on this theme was part of the expert program at this year's 'festival of intensive medicine' Colours of Sepsis, held in late January in Ostrava.

Source: Anti-Infectives 9. 2. 2023

News Prim. Václava Adámková: People mistakenly believe that there are enough antibiotics and that they will always handle infections

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2050, infections untreatable with antibiotics could become the leading cause of death, surpassing cardiovascular and oncological diseases. Rising antimicrobial resistance was one of the main topics at the VIII Congress of Clinical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology (KMINE 2022), held in September in Prague. The topic was also the focus of the expert block ‘ATB stewardship,’ where epidemiologist Petr Smejkal, infectologist Aleš Chrdle, and microbiologist Václava Adámková discussed possible solutions to this global problem. We asked Adámková to summarize insights into the presented issues for us.

Source: Anti-Infectives 26. 10. 2022

News Invasive Pneumococcal Disease –⁠ Current Czech Data

The number of reported cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) returned to levels comparable to those before the COVID-19 pandemic in 2022. Regarding age-specific morbidity, the most at-risk groups are children under 1 year of age and seniors over 65 years old. The specific data for 2022 is provided by a report from the Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the National Institute of Public Health (SZÚ).

Source: Regular Vaccination 2. 10. 2023

Články časopisu Vitamin D and cardiovascular diseases

Author of the article: H. Matějovská Kubešová, B. Vepřeková, P. Weber, K. Bielaková, T. Gregorová Source: Kardiologická revue – Interní medicína | 1/2012 9. 3. 2012