Search results: (10000)
News Care of Surgical Wounds and Choice of Dressings − Main Findings of the Latest International Expert Consensus
In December 2022, Wounds International published a summary of consensus outputs from six international expert meetings dedicated to postoperative care of surgical wounds and the selection of their dressings.
News Successful Resection of a Rectosigmoid Tumor After Long-term Induction Biochemotherapy – A Case Report
Neoadjuvant treatment (chemoradiotherapy) for colorectal cancer is regularly used in advanced rectal tumors, with the goal of reducing the tumor size for the surgeon and ensuring the best possible radical outcome for the patient. In metastatic tumors of the remaining parts of the digestive tract, we talk more about induction treatment, which uses a combination of targeted therapy and chemotherapy for the same purpose – reducing the extent of the tumor disease and possibly enabling surgery including radical removal of metastatic foci. The duration of this treatment is usually up to 6 months followed by surgery (surgeries). The following case report describes a successful surgical solution in a patient with an advanced sigmoid tumor even after more than 3 years of combination chemotherapy and targeted therapy.
News Gliflozins Successfully Treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Failure
The number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and heart failure is increasing worldwide, and the combination of both diseases significantly worsens the prognosis of patients. One of the main causes of increased mortality in these patients is macrovascular complications of DM2. The burden on the cardiovascular system is even greater with the concurrent occurrence of chronic heart failure.
News HPD 2024: Czech data from real-world practice confirm that mucolytic treatment can reduce COPD exacerbations, even in the future
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global issue. Does it create the same burden everywhere? How does it contribute to premature deaths? How do women cope with COPD, and what significant problem does it pose for them? What factors contribute to it not being considered solely a smoker's disease? Why is it appropriate to add mucoactive agents when trying to eliminate COPD exacerbations? What emerged from early COPD screening conducted in the Czech Republic, and what do Czech real-world data show regarding the effectiveness of erdosteine in exacerbations? And what should be included in the proper diagnosis and treatment of this disease? All these topics were covered in a lecture by the head of the Pulmonary Clinic of the Medical Faculty of Charles University and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Associate Professor Vladimír Koblížek, M.D., Ph.D., during the XXVIII Hradec Pneumology Days held from April 24-26, 2024.
News Mental Health as an Overlooked Topic in Patients with Psoriasis
Psoriasis is an inflammatory, non-infectious disease primarily affecting the skin, and sometimes the nails, although in some patients, it manifests as psoriatic arthritis. To minimize the negative impact of these stigmatizing issues on patients' daily lives, not only optimal pharmacotherapy is crucial, but also the support of mental health.
News Will 3D Printable Tissue Adhesives Replace Stitches and Clips?
3D printing technology is slowly making its way into more and more areas of healthcare. In February 2024, a scientific team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) published a study in the journal Nature Communications focusing on the possibilities of 3D printing tissue adhesives and personalized patches with adjustable internal structures. These could therefore become a suitable alternative to the traditional surgical sutures and clips used for joining tissues.
News Impact of ACEi and ARBs on Lung Function in Patients with Hypertension
Worsening respiratory functions can significantly influence the choice of antihypertensive medication. A recently published study explored whether angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) can worsen lung function and whether this effect also appears with angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs, i.e., sartans). These findings are crucial for clinical practice, especially in treating patients at high risk for respiratory adverse effects.
News MUDr. Petra Garnolová: The combination of medical cannabis with other analgesics is the ideal way to achieve the best effect with the fewest side effects
Medical cannabis is gradually finding its way to many patients with various ailments, including those with unmanageable and hard-to-influence chronic pain. For them, this therapy can offer a new chance at a quality life despite severe or terminal illness. A relatively new form that brings additional benefits is the extract of medical cannabis. We spoke with MUDr. Petra Garnolová, a specialist in clinical oncology and palliative medicine, about why it is worth considering not only as part of analgesic therapy and her experiences from real practice.
News Trifluridine/tipiracil in Real Clinical Practice – Current Data from Spain
Trifluridine/tipiracil is indicated for the treatment of patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), where clinical studies have shown it extends overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). At this year's virtual World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer of the European Society for Clinical Oncology (ESMO), held from June 30, a Spanish study on the efficacy of trifluridine/tipiracil in real-world clinical practice was presented.
News Augmentation Therapy of Bronchiectasis Due to AATD – Case Report
Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare cause of bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis. The role of augmentation therapy with alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) in patients with AATD with bronchiectasis without pulmonary emphysema is still unclear. A case report from authors in Heidelberg presents a patient with bronchiectasis based on AATD, where augmentation therapy reduced the number of exacerbations and improved clinical condition.
News Why Are Mucolytics Beneficial for Patients with COPD?
Part of the clinical picture of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes mucus hypersecretion in the airways and its impaired clearance, resulting in a chronic productive cough. Mucus production requires management, just like dyspnea and cough. But what can be expected from mucolytic treatment?
News Options for Prevention and Treatment of Infantile Colic – A Systematic Review of Studies
The authors of the cited literature review evaluated evidence of the benefits of various preventive and therapeutic options for infantile colic. Administering probiotics appears to be a promising therapeutic strategy.
News Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia and Their Assessment
Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric disorder with a prevalence of up to 1%. It can manifest with both negative and positive symptoms. We briefly summarize the clinical assessment and rating scales of negative symptoms in the following text.
News Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins in Thromboprophylaxis After Major Orthopedic and Traumatological Procedures According to Current Recommendations
Patients after major orthopedic and traumatological procedures are at high risk of thromboembolic disease. This is especially true for people undergoing hip and knee replacement or patients with a proximal femur fracture and severe lower limb injury. The routine implementation of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis, such as low-molecular-weight heparins, is currently the gold standard in perioperative care in these cases.
News Recent findings on the role and potential of L. reuteri in the therapy of GIT diseases
Probiotics contain bacterial or yeast strains similar to beneficial types naturally occurring in the human gastrointestinal tract. Their role in the therapy of gastrointestinal diseases has been extensively researched, demonstrating significant effects on a number of nosological units. One modality of probiotic therapy involves the administration of the bacteria L. reuteri, specifically the laboratory-modified strain DSM 17938.
News Ocrelizumab in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis – 10-Year Data
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong disease with a high risk of permanent disability. Current information on the long-term efficacy and safety of treatment is therefore absolutely essential for the optimal choice of therapeutic agent – in this case, ocrelizumab.
News Kidney Carcinoma – Key Facts About the Disease With the Highest Incidence Worldwide in the Czech Republic
The incidence of renal carcinoma is increasing every year. About a quarter of the cases are still diagnosed in the metastatic stage, yet early treatment can save lives. Below, we briefly summarize data on the incidence, etiology, and risk factors of this malignant disease based on a literature review from 1945–2015. These findings may be significant for prevention and screening in high-risk individuals.
News Prof. Petra Lišková: Prevention of Dry Eye Syndrome is Difficult but Not Impossible
Dry eye syndrome is one of the most common ophthalmological problems, and its incidence is rising. Ophthalmologist Prof. MUDr. Petra Lišková, Ph.D., from the Clinic of Pediatrics and Hereditary Metabolic Disorders of the First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and University Hospital in Prague, explains how these difficulties arise and why patients should visit an eye doctor rather than relying solely on self-treatment.
News Maintenance Therapy of a Female Patient with AML After Intense Chemotherapy – Case Study
The following case study presents the case of a female patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who experienced life-threatening complications after the second consolidation chemotherapy, rendering her incapable of undergoing further intense therapy or allogeneic HSCT. In this situation, maintenance therapy with oral azacitidine proved beneficial – this modality, due to its good tolerance, can be used as a bridge until allo-HSCT can be performed in patients in poor clinical condition.
News Pharmacotherapy of Glaucoma in a Nutshell According to the Latest Recommendations of the European Glaucoma Society
The European Glaucoma Society published its latest, 5th version of recommendations for the treatment of glaucoma in 2021. The following text, based on these recommendations, focuses in a nutshell on the basic principles of pharmacotherapy for this disease according to current knowledge.
News Stabilization of Liver Metastases of CRC with Trifluridine/Tipiracil in 3rd Line Therapy – Case Study
We present a case study of a man born in 1944 who underwent resection of the rectosigmoid for multiple adenocarcinomas in February 2016. Subsequently discovered liver metastases were managed with several lines of palliative therapy in combination with repeated surgical resections. Trifluridine/tipiracil administered in the 3rd line represents a well-tolerated oral treatment for this patient, on which he achieved disease stabilization.
News Trazodone as a Multimodal and Multifunctional Antidepressant
Substances with multiple therapeutic effects, often depending on the dose, can be described as multifunctional. In low doses, trazodone has hypnotic effects, while its effective antidepressant action is evident at higher doses. This can be more frequently utilized now thanks to a modified-release formulation, which has the potential to improve the tolerability of antidepressant doses of trazodone.