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News Dupilumab Now Covered for Atopic Dermatitis in Children Older Than 6 Years
Dupilumab is now fully covered by public health insurance for pediatric patients from 6 years old with atopic dermatitis. This opens up a new possibility for pediatric patients with this condition to improve their quality of life.
News Complete remission of ALK-positive lung cancer in a patient after multiple lines of targeted therapy – a case study
Targeted treatment for driving oncogenic mutations has significantly improved outcomes for patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well. A case study was recently published in the journal Frontiers in Oncology of a patient with advanced disease who achieved complete remission after several lines of therapy.
News Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: When Bigger Does Not Mean Better
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a hereditary disease that, in some patients, proceeds asymptomatically, while others struggle with arrhythmias or heart failure, and in some individuals, the first manifestation of the disease can be sudden cardiac death. More about the etiology and diagnosis of HCM is discussed in the following overview.
News How Gut Microbiota Affects Thyroid Function
The composition of gut microbiota has a significant impact on the human body. Studies conducted so far have found a correlation between dysbiosis and a range of diseases, including thyroid disorders (primarily autoimmune, but also the occurrence of nodules or thyroid cancer).
News Memantine Eases Daily Life for Patients and Caregivers
What is the efficacy and safety of memantine in patients with Alzheimer's disease in routine practice in the Czech Republic? And to what extent can it ease the burden on caregivers of these patients?
News Low Molecular Weight Heparin in an ECMO Patient − Case Study
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has an irreplaceable role in intensive care medicine. In the context of preventing complications caused by blood clot formation, unfractionated heparin is most commonly used in patients on extracorporeal circulation. However, its administration can lead to complex coagulopathies, which may result in increased bleeding or, perhaps surprisingly, a higher frequency of blood clot formation. A unique case study recently presented by authors from Motol University Hospital in Prague demonstrates the safety and effectiveness of using low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin in this indication for a patient connected to ECMO for a very long duration (3 months), with several days even on two devices simultaneously.
News Impact of Combined Oral Contraceptives on Body Weight
A relatively recent study investigated changes in the average body weight of women who used combined oral contraceptives with 30 μg ethinylestradiol (EE) and 3 mg drospirenone (DRSP) or 30 μg EE and 2 mg chlormadinone acetate (CMA) for 6 months, comparing the results between the two groups.
News Classification and Management of Chronic Wounds
Chronic wounds are common comorbidities that increase the morbidity and mortality of patients. Common types of chronic wounds on the lower extremities include arterial, venous, and diabetic ulcers, as well as pressure ulcers. Despite their frequent occurrence, they are often poorly treated. In addition to diagnosing the etiology of chronic wounds and specific therapies, moist wound healing plays a crucial role in the treatment, such as the application of hydrocolloids and hydrogels.
News Effects of Progestins in Combination with EE on Endothelial Function, Lipid Levels, and Oxidative Stress in Women with Endometriosis
Studies have shown endothelial dysfunction and increased oxidative stress in women with endometriosis. Theoretically, they may be at increased cardiovascular risk. The study presented below investigated the effects of progestins with or without androgenic properties in combination with ethinylestradiol (EE) on endothelial function, lipid levels, and oxidative stress in women with endometriosis.
News Effects of Metformin on the Cardiovascular System of Patients with Diabetes, but Also Without It
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered an independent risk factor for the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD). The prevalence of IHD is continuously increasing, making early detection of risk factors and their elimination crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality of all at-risk patients. Metformin is still recommended as the first-line drug for patients with type 2 DM by experts. In addition to its effects leading to a reduction in blood glucose levels, it also has a cardioprotective effect. Recently, studies focusing on primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention in patients with and without DM have been concentrating on it.
News Intestinal Infection of Multi-Resistant NDM-Producing K. pneumoniae in a Patient with NK/T Lymphoma – Case Study
The incidence of NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae is increasing worldwide. NDM beta-lactamase is a significant cause of multidrug resistance in enterobacteria to various antibiotics, including carbapenems. Currently, the most suitable approach for the treatment of intestinal infections caused by NDM-producing K. pneumoniae is considered to be the combination of ceftazidime/avibactam with aztreonam. The following case study also illustrates its use in more complicated cases.
News Combination of Arterial Hypertension and Increased Heart Rate as a Significant Cardiovascular Risk Factor
Heart rate is one of the basic vital signs that should be regularly measured. Sinus tachycardia can be physiological under certain conditions. However, a patient with resting tachycardia should always be examined, as tachycardia can be a symptom of a serious health problem. Especially in patients with arterial hypertension, a rapid heart rate significantly increases cardiovascular risk.
News CYP Enzyme? Cytochrome P450 2D6 and Drug Metabolism
The CYP2D6 isoenzyme of cytochrome P450 participates in the metabolism of approximately 20% of commonly used drugs. Genetic variants of this enzyme are very common, leading to significant inter-individual variability in drug metabolism rates. Let’s take a closer look at one of the reasons why the same drug may work very well in one patient, not at all in another, and may cause serious side effects in a third.
News Prolonged Course of Metastatic Stomach Cancer with Long-term Stabilization – Case Report
In the following case report, we present the case of a patient with a prolonged oncological disease – stomach cancer. The patient has been asymptomatic for a long time and in good performance status despite multiple lung metastases, thanks to stabilization with trifluridine/tipiracil treatment.
News Post hoc Analysis of the FRAME Study – Romosozumab in the Treatment of Osteoporosis in the European Population
An interesting finding from the FRAME study, which evaluated the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis using romosozumab, was the significant differences in fracture incidence among patients from various geographic regions. The following post hoc analysis specifically focused on data from European women.
News Prof. Petr Marusič: Is the Success of Therapy Changing with the Arrival of New Antiepileptics?
At the XXV. postgraduate course in epileptology, 'Jiří Dolanský Days', prof. MUDr. Petr Marusič, Ph.D., from the Neurological Clinic of the 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital, lectured on the topic of changes in the efficacy of epilepsy treatment with the arrival of new anti-seizure medications.
News Causes, Consequences, and Solutions to Weight Gain in Schizophrenia Treatment
The use of antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia is often associated with the development of overweight and obesity, which poses a risk for the onset of many diseases and increases morbidity and mortality in these patients. Concern about weight gain is also a common reason for non-adherence to antipsychotic treatment. The cause of weight gain may also lie in the symptoms of the disease itself. We, therefore, provide a summary of the causes, consequences, and possible solutions to this undesirable impact of schizophrenia and its treatment.
News How Do Patients Themselves Perceive Today's Treatment Options for ITP and What Are Their Biggest Fears?
What is the perception and view of the treatment options for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) from the patients' perspective, what do they fear, what approaches do they prefer, and why? Lozano et al. included a discussion on this topic in their review article for Expert Review of Hematology, which can be helpful in clinical practice for better understanding patients' needs and adjusting treatment algorithms.
News Domestic application of biological asthma treatment improves quality of life and reduces doctor visits
The benefits of the possibility of home application of omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody indicated for patients with severe allergic asthma, are summarized by Dr. Jakub Novosad, Ph.D., from the Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital Hradec Králové.
News Three tests to confirm the diagnosis of acquired hemophilia – infographic
Acquired hemophilia (AHA) typically manifests with spontaneous bleeding in patients with no prior personal history of significant bleeding.1–4 The cause of the bleeding is a significant decrease in FVIII activity induced by autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII.5 In polymorbid patients, established antithrombotic therapy at the time of AHA diagnosis may also contribute to the bleeding.4
News Eletriptan and Its Role in Acute Migraine Therapy
In the acute treatment of moderate to severe migraine attacks, medications from the triptan group are primarily used. The following article summarizes important findings about eletriptan and its key results in clinical studies.
News Correct Selection of Appropriate Incontinence Aid is Crucial for Addressing Patient's Difficulties
Urinary incontinence is an uncomfortable issue that can be resolved by choosing the right incontinence aids. Selecting a quality product is most important for the patient − it affects their comfort and mental well-being, but choosing the right aid can also be complicated for doctors. The market offers many products of different brands and qualities, where the absorption capacity is often the main selection criteria. However, other important aspects must also be considered.
News Current NCCN Recommendations for CLL/SLL Diagnosis – Version 1.2023
In August 2022, the latest guidelines from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) concerning chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) were published. Here we present the essential extract from these recommendations for diagnosing both diseases.