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News Metformin with Extended Release in the Treatment of Prediabetes
The benefit of metformin in preventing the development of diabetes in people with prediabetes has been demonstrated in clinical studies. However, these studies evaluated immediate-release metformin, not its extended-release form (XR). Therefore, the results of an observational study conducted at Polish and Hungarian centers, which examined the efficacy and safety of metformin XR in patients with prediabetes, are important in this context. It is also necessary to add that in our country, no drug containing this active substance has yet received an approved indication for the therapy of patients with prediabetes.
News Brentuximab Vedotin in Patients with R/R cHL in the Real World: What to Expect?
How does brentuximab vedotin (BV) perform as maintenance therapy in real-world practice for patients with relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (R/R cHL) who have undergone autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) and are at high risk of its failure? This question was posed by authors from King Abdullah International Medical Research Center at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences in Riyadh. They presented their findings in a poster session at this year's virtual European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT 2022) congress.
News Long-term survival of a 50-year-old man with metastatic pancreatic cancer on a combination of nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV in 2nd line treatment − case study
A recently published case study from the Czech Republic describes a patient with progression of pancreatic cancer following surgical treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy, who achieved a one-year survival with good quality of life on a combination of nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV after the failure of gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel in the 1st line of palliative treatment.
News Satisfaction of Patients Treated with Platinum Derivatives with Antiemetic Therapy
The fixed oral combination of netupitant with palonosetron (NEPA) is used for the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy. A prospective German study evaluated the benefit of this therapy on the quality of life of patients treated with platinum derivatives.
News Candesartan Could Ameliorate the Cytokine Storm in COVID-19 Infection
Scientists from Bethesda, USA, experimentally found the upregulation of the same genes during COVID-19 infection as with the action of glutamate (simulating aging and Alzheimer's disease) and the normalization of their expression by candesartan. Considering that many of these genes are involved in the cytokine storm in COVID-19, the mentioned results support the hypothesis that sartans − or at least candesartan − could mitigate the cytokine storm in patients with severe COVID-19.
News L. reuteri DSM 17938 in Infant Nutrition and Its Impact on the Gut Microbiota of Infants Born by Cesarean Section
The work of the Swiss-Greek team published in the Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition focused on comparing the effect of infant formula containing Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 on the microbiota of children born by cesarean section or vaginal delivery.
News Human Papillomavirus in Adults – HPV Does Not Choose Gender
A significant part of the population is exposed to human papillomaviruses (HPV) throughout their lives. In recent years, there has been a global effort to increase vaccination coverage not only among children and adolescents who have not yet been vaccinated but also among adult women and men who could benefit from it, including those who have likely already encountered HPV.
News Cardiovascular System Affection in Children with Noonan Syndrome
Noonan syndrome is a genetically conditioned disease classified among the so-called RASopathies, caused by a germline mutation in the genes of the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway. Among other things, children with this disease typically present with cardiovascular system involvement.
News Residual Pulmonary Hypertension After Endarterectomy: How Common Is It?
Pulmonary endarterectomy is the only potentially curative option in the treatment of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). What are its outcomes and in what percentage of cases does it lead to complete cure? A meta-analysis, significantly contributed to by Czech experts, was dedicated to the improvement of signs and symptoms of CTEPH after performing endarterectomy.
News Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
To date, 45 cases of idiopathic (autoimmune) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection have been published in the literature. In September 2020, a review summarizing the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of ITP in these individuals was released.
News Bilastine as a reliable helper in the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria even in younger children
Until recently, bilastine was indicated for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria only in patients over 12 years of age. However, current findings from valid studies demonstrate the safety and efficacy of its use even in younger individuals.
News A Decade of Therapy Targeting B Lymphocytes in MS
Ocrelizumab is not only a pioneer but also a highly effective and still promising modality for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) with excellent patient adherence and persistence.
News Hydrotherapy in the Treatment of Non-Healing Wounds
For the treatment of wounds, it is crucial how they are managed during the cleaning and granulation phases. For most non-healing wounds, so-called Hydrotherapy (treatment with hydroresponsive dressings) is suitable, which involves just two steps. The essence of Hydrotherapy is the maintenance of a moist environment and, if possible, a constant temperature in the wound.
News Comparison of the Effectiveness of Different Types of Toothbrushes in Orthodontic Patients
The aim of the study cited below was to evaluate the efficiency of a manual orthodontic brush, an electric toothbrush with an oscillating head, and a sonic toothbrush in controlling plaque, gingivitis, and interproximal bleeding in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and to compare their relative effectiveness.
News Classification and Management of Chronic Wounds
Chronic wounds are common comorbidities that increase the morbidity and mortality of patients. Common types of chronic wounds on the lower extremities include arterial, venous, and diabetic ulcers, as well as pressure ulcers. Despite their frequent occurrence, they are often poorly treated. In addition to diagnosing the etiology of chronic wounds and specific therapies, moist wound healing plays a crucial role in the treatment, such as the application of hydrocolloids and hydrogels.
News Bimekizumab in the treatment of moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa – another approved indication for this biological agent
In May, the primary results of the BE HEARD I and II studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of the IL-17A and IL-17F inhibitor bimekizumab in the treatment of moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) in adults were published in The Lancet. This is the first publication of the results of these Phase III studies. Based on these findings, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved bimekizumab (which is currently approved for the treatment of plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and axial spondyloarthritis) for the treatment of HS in adults who have not responded adequately to conventional systemic therapy.
News News in COPD Treatment Recommendations in a Nutshell
We present an overview of the most important changes in the annually updated recommendations of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD).
News Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 3 Continues to Be the Most Frequent Cause of Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases in the Czech Republic
After 2 years influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of cases of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) has returned to pre-2020 levels. Serotype 3 remains the most frequent cause of IPD for the twelfth consecutive year.
News DPP-4 Inhibitors May Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Entry into Cells
Since the new type of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 utilizes the DPP-4 receptor to enter human cells, DPP-4 inhibition by gliptins could represent a potential approach to pharmacological treatment of COVID-19 caused by this coronavirus.
News Current Recommendations for Using SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Renal or Cardiovascular Risk
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a serious chronic metabolic disease whose prevalence has been increasing in recent years. Currently, diabetics make up approximately 8−10% of the population. The therapy is traditionally focused primarily on suppressing the development and progression of diabetic complications, but modern antidiabetics have also brought other unprecedented benefits. The following text summarizes the role of gliflozins in the pharmacotherapy of DM2 in light of current recommendations.
News Can Antihypertensives Reduce the Risk of Dementia? The Answer Suggests the Angiotensin Hypothesis and a Post-Hoc Analysis of an Observational Study
The use of antihypertensives that do not reduce angiotensin II levels, such as angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs, i.e., sartans) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs), has been associated with a lower risk of dementia in studies. In the research cited below, the authors aimed to determine whether this effect persists longer than the follow-up period in previous studies.
News Frequent Nausea During Chemotherapy Despite Antiemetic Prophylaxis
Current clinical research has focused on vomiting as a primary issue in the occurrence of CINV (chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting) and, using recommended antiemetic prophylaxis, this problem has been relatively well managed. However, the incidence and impact of nausea are underreported. We present the results of an observational study that evaluated the incidence of nausea in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
News Limits of Glycated Hemoglobin and the Importance of Other Glycated Proteins
Glycated hemoglobin is a gold standard in the diagnosis and management of diabetes treatment. However, its disadvantages include numerous factors that can cause false increases or decreases in its levels. Therefore, the scientific community is also interested in researching other glycated proteins that could be used in diabetes control. So, what should we keep in mind when collecting glycated hemoglobin?
News How to Navigate the Challenges of Anticoagulant Therapy in Pregnant Women − A Case Study
Every carrier of a mechanical heart valve is also on anticoagulant therapy. Warfarin is most commonly used for this purpose, but it is not suitable during pregnancy due to the risk of embryopathy. So how should we approach patients with artificial valves who wish to become pregnant? The following case study presents one option.