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The health risk of an excessive intake of fructose


Authors: K. Papežová;  V. Mlčochová;  H. Matějová
Authors‘ workplace: Ústav preventivního lékařství ;  Přednostka: prof. MUDr. Zuzana Brázdová, DrSc. ;  Lékařská fakulta Masarykovy Univerzity, Brno
Published in: Prakt. Lék. 2011; 91(7): 385-388
Category: Reviews

Overview

A relentless increase in the number of people who are overweight or obese has been witnessed recently, which is related to the rise of many illnesses, especially type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

The most frequent cause of being overweight and/or obese is a positive energetic balance; where macronutrients play a key role. Every single person has different energetic needs for enabling suitable functioning of the body and different energetic needs for performing physical activity. Energy, which is taken in that is excess to the needs of human organism, is mainly received in the form of

– polysaccharides,

– fats, and

– alcoholic drinks.

Recently, attention has focused on carbohydrates that have been added to foods and drinks but which are not natural components of human diet. According to the studies available, the excessive intake of carbohydrates, especially fructose, is the cause of many illnesses.

Key words:
carbohydrates, fructose, health risks, obesity, metabolic syndrome.


Sources

1. Bocarsly, M.E., Powell, E.S., Avena, N.M. High-fructose corn syrup causes characteristics of obesity in rats Increased body weight, body fat and triglyceride levels. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 2010, 97, p. 101-106.

2. Dekker, M.J. Fructose: a highly lipogenic nutrient implicated in insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and the metabolicsyndrome. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 2010, 229, p. 685-694.

3. Ferder, L., Ferder, M.D., Inserra, F. The Role of High-Fructose Corn Syrup in Metabolic Syndrome and Hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep, 2010; 12: p. 2105-2112.

4. Holeček, M. Regulace metabolismu cukrů, tuků, bílkovin a aminokyselin. Praha: Grada Publishing, 2006, s. 112-113.

5. Johnson, R.H. Weighing in on added sugars and health. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 2010; 110, p. 1296-1299.

6. Kazdová, J. Negativní důsledky konzumace fruktózy při diabetu a metabolickém syndromu Lékařské listy, 2009, 4.

7. Livesey, G. Fructose, obesity, and related epidemiology. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 2010, 50, p. 26-28.

8. Lustig, R.H. Fructose: metabolic, hedonic, and societal parallels with ethanol. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 2010, 110, p. 1308-1321.

9. Soleimani, M. Dietary fructose, salt absorption and hypertension in metabolic syndrome: towards and new paradigma. Acta. Physiol. (Oxf). 2011, 201(1), p. 55-62.

10. Škrha, J. Diabetes mellitus 2. typu jako subklinický zánět. Čas. Lék. čes. 2010, 149, s. 277-281.

11. Weir, M.R. Dietary fructose and elevated levels of blood pressure. J. Am. Soc. Neph. 2010, 21, p. 1416–1417

Labels
General practitioner for children and adolescents General practitioner for adults
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