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News Clinical and Microbiological Effect of L. reuteri in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis
The Journal of Clinical Periodontology published the results of a study evaluating the effect of the probiotic bacterial strain Lactobacillus reuteri as an adjunctive treatment for chronic periodontitis.
News To what extent can the actual level of ALP, ALT, or bilirubin differ from the measured value?
A physician who bases clinical decisions on laboratory-determined values of biological parameters or their changes should always consider the possible measurement deviation, which for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or bilirubin can reach several percent in both positive and negative directions.
News Pregnancy and Childbirth in a Woman with VWD − A Case Study
Pregnancy and childbirth are relatively demanding periods and situations for women with von Willebrand disease (vWD) from the perspective of hemostasis. They can be associated with an increased risk of bleeding for both the mother and the newborn. For this reason, a multidisciplinary approach to every pregnant woman is essential, involving a hematologist (ideally in a specialized center), the obstetric team, and then also a gynecologist who will care for the woman in the postpartum period. The optimal approach is to create a birth plan early, which will be carefully followed during labor and especially in the postpartum period. The following case study clearly illustrates these points.
News Severe Polytrauma in a Man with von Willebrand Disease − Case Report
The authors of a recently published case report present a case of multiple trauma (including brain injury) in a young man with von Willebrand disease (vWD) type 2A, in whom repeated administration of a concentrate containing von Willebrand factor (vWF) and coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) led to successful healing without neurological deficit.
News Reduction of LDL Cholesterol in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality – Results of a Large Meta-Analysis
Elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL-c) is one of the main causes of atherosclerosis. The meta-analysis presented below examined the effect of reducing its levels on the risk of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality.
News Distribution and Localization of Specifically Modified Exosomes Can Improve the Treatment of Muscular Dystrophies
A research team from several Milanese universities, in a study published in Nature Nanotechnology, focused on developing a new method for muscular dystrophy therapy. Specifically modified exosomes were enriched with the protein annexin A1 and delivered into dystrophic muscle cells using ferromagnetic nanotubes guided by an external magnetic field. This triggered healing processes in damaged cells and tissues in a mouse model.
News Algorithm for Choosing Antidiabetics in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
As of June 1, 2020, general practitioners can prescribe antidiabetics from the group of so-called gliptins, inhibitors of the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4i), in addition to metformin. The cornerstone of type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment remains a comprehensive lifestyle modification (dietary measures, increased physical activity, weight reduction) and metformin as the first-line drug. In selected comorbidities or if these measures do not lead to the desired glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level after 3-6 months, the following recommendations can be followed. However, it is essential to remember that the recommendations of professional societies do not always correspond to the prescription limitations of the State Institute for Drug Control (SÚKL).
News Allergic Rhinitis in the General Practitioner’s Office: How to Proceed in Primary Care?
Up to 60% of the population has a genetic predisposition to allergic disease. Diagnosis and therapy of allergic conditions are therefore very common topics in primary care. How should we proceed correctly in the diagnostic process when suspecting allergic rhinitis? When to refer to a specialist and what are the treatment options?
News Selecting from the Red Book CHS: What's New in This Year's Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of CLL?
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common lymphoid malignancy in adults in Europe and North America. However, this field is experiencing very dynamic developments, both in terms of diagnosis and therapy. The biggest changes have occurred in treatment regimens, and recommendations for the therapy of relapsed or refractory CLL have also changed. Innovations have also emerged in prognostic examinations. As part of the update to the 'Red Book' by the Czech Hematological Society ČLS JEP (CHS), fresh recommendations concerning this disease were published in October 2023.
News Prof. Martina Koziar Vašáková: In the spotlight of pulmonologists are now lung screening and chronic lung diseases
As part of a series of interviews with the heads of professional societies on the topic of hot topics 2023, we speak with the chairwoman of the Czech Pneumological and Phthiseological Society of the CLS JEP Prof. MUDr. Martina Koziar Vašáková, Ph.D.
News Biochemotherapy of Aggressive Rectal Carcinoma – A Case Study from the Czech Republic
Colorectal cancer arises from a complex interplay of environmental and lifestyle factors complemented by hereditary factors. Nowadays, it represents not only a health concern but also a socioeconomic problem. It is the second most common malignant tumor in both sexes; fortunately, its incidence and mortality have been decreasing in recent years. Due to expanding and more accurately targeted treatment options and good patient care management, it is also possible to better manage more aggressive and previously difficult-to-treat forms of the disease, as demonstrated by the following case study from the Comprehensive Cancer Center of the University Hospital Hradec Králové.
News COVID-19 in Patients with Acquired Hemophilia A − Case Reports
At the XXVIII. Pařízek Days held in Ostrava, on the afternoon of March 17, 2022, Dr. Anna Maria Pejková from the 4th Internal Clinic of the University Hospital Hradec Králové presented 3 case reports of acquired hemophilia A.
News Sequential administration of immunochemotherapy and venetoclax after failure of BCR inhibitor treatment – interactive video case study
The treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is evolving. What was impossible years ago is now becoming a reality. From chemotherapy, through immunochemotherapy, to the use of molecules targeting apoptotic pathways of tumor cells, the prognosis for patients has markedly improved. However, the wide therapeutic spectrum also brings its own specifics and complications, and the correct sequencing of treatment lines and their selection for each individual is necessary, considering the nature of CLL, overall condition, and comorbidities.
News Why can probiotics and vitamin D significantly affect human health?
Vitamin D deficiency is the most common hypovitaminosis in developed countries. It is largely related to a lack of outdoor activity. Additionally, the typical Western diet does not support a healthy composition of the gut microbiome. Gut dysbiosis, in turn, is associated with both intestinal and systemic diseases. Alongside a healthy lifestyle, probiotics and oral vitamin D supplementation offer solutions.
News Impact of Rehabilitation on the Health of Patients with COPD
According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), pulmonary rehabilitation is one of the most effective therapeutic interventions for reducing dyspnea, improving physical performance, and enhancing quality of life. Below, we summarize current insights on the effectiveness and possibilities of rehabilitation for these patients.
News With Dr. Miroslav Nečas, Ph.D., on the conclusions of the recent consensus of the expert panel on the practice of biological treatment of psoriasis
This February, an expert consensus on the use of bimekizumab in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) was published based on a literature review of 102 articles, from which 19 relevant publications were selected. A panel of 9 dermatologists then voted to accept 14 consensus statements and recommendations, 12 of which received an 'A' grade, one a 'B' grade, and one a 'C' grade. We discuss key conclusions and recommendations with Dr. Miroslav Nečas, Ph.D., from the 1st Department of Dermatovenereology at MU and St. Anne's Faculty Hospital in Brno.
News Brief from ASH 2021: News and Advances in CLL Treatment
The summary from the first day of the 63rd American Society of Hematology (ASH) Congress in Atlanta in December 2021 brought several new advancements in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Dr. Brian Koffman from the CLL Society provided commentary on these developments.
News The Role of the General Practitioner in the Care of Incontinent Patients
General practitioners are sometimes likened to frontline soldiers because they are usually the first to whom patients turn with their health issues. Taking care of incontinent patients is a daily routine for them. They should therefore be knowledgeable about basic diagnostics and treatment and be able to actively identify incontinent patients.
News The Patient Will Feel Comfortable Only with a Properly Chosen Absorption Aid
While before the approval of the amendment to the Public Health Insurance Act, it was possible to issue a prescription only for one type of aid firmly tied to a particular level of incontinence, now it is allowed to freely combine aids according to the individual needs of the patient. The modern market offers a wide range of aids − but how to choose a product that matches specific needs?
News Can Ketogenic Diet or Intermittent Fasting Help Patients with DM2 in Controlling Weight and Glycemia?
The foundation of managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) typically involves lifestyle adjustments, including dietary changes. Can intermittent fasting (IF) or the ketogenic diet (KD), popular dietary trends, help diabetics with weight loss and reduction of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels? The answer was sought by authors of a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing IF or KD with other dietary regimes.
News Quick Relief from Severe AD Symptoms – Dupilumab for Children Aged 6 Years and Older
Children aged 6-12 with severe atopic dermatitis (AD) have very limited treatment options. The studies presented below demonstrate how effective and safe dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukins 4 and 13, is in their case. Since October, this medication is newly covered even for children from 6 years of age.
News Systemic Manifestations of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic progressive disease characterized by remodeling of the pulmonary vessels, leading to the development of right-sided heart failure. Aside from the symptoms of right ventricular failure and pulmonary circulation impairment, patients with PAH also exhibit changes in other organ systems.