Search results: (10000)
News Current NCCN Recommendations for Classification and Risk Symptoms in SLL/CLL
The new recommendations from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) regarding chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) from August 2022 also include a brief summary of the most common symptoms and methods for classifying the disease based on its extent at diagnosis or in case of progression.
News Diabetes mellitus and heart failure − interconnected units with complex pathogenesis
Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a significant risk factor for the development of heart failure. The pathogenesis of this condition is very complex, involving hyperglycemia and other metabolic abnormalities, as well as frequently occurring comorbidities such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, or diabetic neuropathy. The development of type 2 DM (T2DM) in patients with heart failure (cardiogenic T2DM) is also quite common and is primarily caused by the resistance of peripheral tissues to insulin. The result of cardiogenic DM is further progression and a worse prognosis of heart failure. Recent findings on this topic have been summarized by Greek experts in their review article for Journal of Clinical Medicine.
News Safety of Metamizole in Adult Patients – Meta-analysis of 79 Studies
Metamizole is a non-opioid analgesic with antipyretic and spasmolytic effects that has been used for over 100 years. It is approved for the treatment of children and adults in various dosage forms. German authors conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of clinical studies to evaluate its safety compared to placebo and other analgesics in adult patients.
News Through Obstacles to the Stars – Path to Developing a Healthy Gut Microbiota in Children: What Blocks It and What Helps?
The gut microbiota is acquired by an individual during the first 2 years of life. The main source is the mother’s microbiota. Obstacles to the formation of an adequate microbiota include inappropriate composition of the mother’s microbiota, absence of vaginal birth and breastfeeding, as well as artificial feeding and antibiotic treatment in the child. We provide a summary of current findings on the adverse effects of planned cesarean sections on the child’s microbiome, as recently published in Critical Reviews in Microbiology.
News Conditions for the Use of Mucolytics in Children Are Tightening in Europe − Which Treatment Is Preferred?
There has been a long-standing discussion among experts regarding the benefits of individual mucomodulatory drugs in the treatment of productive cough in children. According to current recommendations, erdosteine remains the preferred treatment for children. At what age can mucolytic treatment be safely recommended?
News Pharmacotherapy of Hip Osteoarthritis with Unsaponifiable Soy and Avocado Oil – Insights from the ERADIAS Study
Unsaponifiable soy and avocado oil is indicated for the symptomatic therapy of hip and knee osteoarthritis. Research primarily focuses on the effectiveness of the drug in patients with knee osteoarthritis; there are significantly fewer studies focused on the hip area and their results are not consistent. For this reason, an extensive study was conducted by French authors evaluating the impact of the drug on the progression of hip osteoarthritis in several hundred patients over the medium term.
News The Role of Inflammation in the Cardiovascular Continuum and the Aging Process
Inflammation plays a role at various stages of the cardiovascular (CV) continuum, in both atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic CV diseases. Where to look for inflammation in the pathophysiology of CV diseases, why inflammation is related to aging, and how to utilize these findings in clinical practice was explained in a lecture by MUDr. Peter Wohlfahrt, Ph.D., from the Center of Preventive Cardiology IKEM in Prague, at the XXXII Annual Meeting of the Czech Cardiology Society.
News Alleviation of Asthma and Chronic Sinusitis Symptoms in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis Thanks to Dupilumab
An analysis of results in adult patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis, who also had asthma and/or chronic rhinosinusitis, investigated how clinically and statistically significant the benefit of dupilumab is for all these 3 conditions in comparison with a placebo.
News What FVIII Levels Are Ideal for Preventing Bleeding in Hemophilia A?
Recent studies indicate that target trough levels of factor 1–3% during prophylactic treatment are insufficient to fully prevent clinical and subclinical bleeding. With a sustained FVIII level > 15%, as shown in studies with mild hemophiliacs, spontaneous bleeding is very rare. This raises the question of whether achieving zero bleeding incidence with FVIII replacement therapy is possible and whether it can be a realistic goal. This topic was also explored in a presentation by Dr. Ester Zápotocká from the Clinic of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital in Prague.
News A Brief History of Deep Vein Thrombosis Treatment – From Antiquity to the Present
Deep vein thrombosis is among the common diseases that have accompanied humanity since its inception. Due to the low specificity of its clinical presentation (in contrast to, for example, varicose veins of the lower limbs), however, the disease long went undescribed in literature. The first descriptions of deep vein thrombosis did not appear until the Middle Ages – and from that moment, the gradual development of its treatment began. We offer you a brief but remarkable historical excursion in three stages.
News COMMENTARY FROM PRACTICE: On Some Aspects of Care for Patients with Parkinson's Disease
What issues do we still encounter in the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease even today, despite medical advancements? How to fine-tune the management of care for these patients, facilitate their path to effective therapy, and improve their quality of life using current possibilities? What can their treating neurologist do for them, when is it necessary to consult a specialized center without delay, and how to mitigate the stigmatization associated with this disease? These aspects are also considered in the following commentary from practice.
News Experiences with treating PBC with obeticholic acid in Brno's CKTCH
MUDr. Libuše Husová, Ph.D., shared the current insights from the therapy of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) using obeticholic acid (OCA) gained at the Center for Cardiovascular and Transplantation Surgery in Brno (CKTCH) during the XLVIII May Hepatology Days.
News Administration of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin After Hemorrhagic Stroke: What Is the Appropriate Timing?
Hemorrhagic stroke (HS) is a condition that raises doubts and concerns about anticoagulation. Is early prevention of thromboembolic complications appropriate?
News Asthma is not a risk factor for a severe course of COVID-19
According to the statement of the Czech Initiative for Asthma from April 2020, the disease COVID-19 caused by the new type of coronavirus does not pose significantly greater danger for people with asthma than for the general population. It is, however, necessary to adhere to the prescribed treatment and keep asthma under control. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology provides an explanation for this surprising phenomenon. It is the reduced expression of ACE2 receptors in people with asthma and allergies, as shown by a new study involving three cohorts of pediatric and adult patients. The SARS-CoV-2 virus uses ACE2 receptors to enter the host cell.
News Current Position of Venetoclax in the Treatment of AML − Hope for a Better Prognosis?
The treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remained stagnant for a long time, with many new drugs emerging only in the past few years. One of the newest and most important is the Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein inhibitor venetoclax.
News Management of Adverse Effects During Maintenance Treatment of AML Patients
The randomized phase III study QUAZAR AML-001 evaluated the maintenance treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in patients after first remission. The following text summarizes the findings regarding the most common adverse events (AEs) in this therapy and practical recommendations for managing side effects based on guidelines from professional societies.
News Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children and adults
Moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) is accompanied by strong inflammatory processes that can occur anywhere on the skin, intense itching, and pain. The biologic dupilumab is a promising molecule for the treatment of severe forms of this condition – results from a recently published meta-analysis indicate that this therapy is not only effective but also well-tolerated by patients.
News Domestic application of biological asthma treatment improves quality of life and reduces doctor visits
The benefits of the possibility of home application of omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody indicated for patients with severe allergic asthma, are summarized by Dr. Jakub Novosad, Ph.D., from the Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital Hradec Králové.
News Is the combination of tiotropium/olodaterol proven more effective in reducing the risk of clinically significant worsening of COPD compared to monotherapy?
Given the heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the use of a composite parameter that includes lung function, the occurrence of exacerbations, and quality of life offers a more comprehensive view of treatment outcomes. Such a parameter was used in the analysis of the TONADO studies, which compared early use of the fixed combination of tiotropium/olodaterol with tiotropium alone.
News MUDr. Petra Garnolová: The combination of medical cannabis with other analgesics is the ideal way to achieve the best effect with the fewest side effects
Medical cannabis is gradually finding its way to many patients with various ailments, including those with unmanageable and hard-to-influence chronic pain. For them, this therapy can offer a new chance at a quality life despite severe or terminal illness. A relatively new form that brings additional benefits is the extract of medical cannabis. We spoke with MUDr. Petra Garnolová, a specialist in clinical oncology and palliative medicine, about why it is worth considering not only as part of analgesic therapy and her experiences from real practice.
News Overview of the Efficacy of the Fixed Combination Aclidinium-Bromide/Formoterol-Fumarate in the Maintenance Treatment of COPD
Fixed combination inhalation medications have become the cornerstone of pharmacotherapy for moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). American authors have published an overview of study results evaluating the efficacy and safety of one of the newest fixed combinations of LABA/LAMA, aclidinium-bromide and formoterol-fumarate (AB/FF), in the maintenance treatment of COPD compared to placebo or other medications. These clinical studies investigated the extent to which regular use of this fixed combination alleviates COPD symptoms, improves lung function, reduces the incidence of exacerbations, and increases exercise tolerance.
News Current Findings on Fixed Combination Aclidinium/Formoterol in COPD Therapy
The fixed inhalation combination of aclidinium/formoterol represents a combination of a long-acting anticholinergic (LAMA) and a long-acting β2-mimetic (LABA) used for maintenance treatment of moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Below, we summarize the current findings on the efficacy and safety of this dual bronchodilation therapy.
News Impact of Rehabilitation on the Health of Patients with COPD
According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), pulmonary rehabilitation is one of the most effective therapeutic interventions for reducing dyspnea, improving physical performance, and enhancing quality of life. Below, we summarize current insights on the effectiveness and possibilities of rehabilitation for these patients.