Search results: (10000)
News Prophylaxis with Enoxaparin After Total Knee or Hip Replacement
Venous thromboembolic disease is a significant cause of complications in surgical patients during and after hospitalization. The authors of a recently published Portuguese observational study evaluated the incidence of complications with prophylaxis using low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin in a population after hip or knee joint replacement.
News Recommendations for Nutrition of Patients at Risk of or with Pressure Ulcers
Nutrition plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. In 2019, international recommendations for the nutrition of individuals at risk of or already with pressure ulcers were developed. Based on published evidence, they were prepared by expert groups PUAP/NPIAP/PPPIA (Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel, Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance Prevention) as a clinical practice guide for doctors and nurses.
News Geriatrics and Nutrition in Old Age - Invitation
We invite you to watch a webinar dedicated to the topic of nutrition in old age. The impetus for its creation was the fact that from September 1, 2020, physicians specializing in geriatrics are allowed to prescribe outpatient sipping to ensure early nutritional intervention for malnourished patients.
News Quality of Life of Patients on Adjuvant Treatment for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
The KATHERINE clinical trial demonstrated that adjuvant therapy with trastuzumab emtansine compared to trastuzumab significantly improves invasive disease-free survival in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer and residual invasive disease after prior treatment. A post hoc analysis of this study was published in the journal Cancer, focusing on patient-reported outcomes related to quality of life during and after treatment.
News Laboratory Safety of Dupilumab Treatment in Children with Atopic Dermatitis Aged 6 Months to 6 Years
Previous clinical studies in children aged 6–12 years with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis have demonstrated laboratory safety during dupilumab treatment. The randomized study presented below supplements the data for the age group from 6 months to 6 years.
News Quality of Nutrition in ICU and Subsequent Quality of Life Are Closely Related
In the past decade, there has been a reduction in mortality associated with severe sepsis or acute respiratory failure. However, the number of people requiring care in rehabilitation facilities, moving to nursing homes, and never returning home has tripled. Therefore, experts' attention should now and in the future more intensively focus on the quality of life of patients, not just indicators such as mortality. Properly chosen nutrition contributes significantly to patients leaving intensive care units with good prospects for further recovery.
News Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Heart Failure in Patients with Diabetes
The proven benefit of one class of antidiabetic drugs – sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i; gliflozins) – in treating heart failure irrespective of diabetes presence, and their inclusion in therapeutic recommendations for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction of the left ventricle, brings to light unresolved questions regarding the link between diabetes and heart failure. A recently published article summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiology and pathophysiological connection of these two diseases, as well as the current recommended diagnosis and treatment.
News Early and effective treatment of PBC significantly reduced the need for liver transplantation due to this disease
Current European and Czech guidelines include obeticholic acid (OCA) as the only registered option for 2nd line treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). In the Czech Republic, it is approved as a center-specific treatment and was granted permanent reimbursement from public health insurance in May 2022. The use of OCA in the treatment of PBC was also addressed in a symposium that was part of the professional program at this year's XLIX. May Hepatology Days in Olomouc.
News Ozanimod in Induction and Maintenance Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis − True North Study Results
Ozanimod is a selective modulator of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) approved for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) in adult patients. We summarize the results of the phase III placebo-controlled True North study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, which demonstrated efficacy and safety in both induction and maintenance therapy for UC.
News Administration of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin After Hemorrhagic Stroke: What Is the Appropriate Timing?
Hemorrhagic stroke (HS) is a condition that raises doubts and concerns about anticoagulation. Is early prevention of thromboembolic complications appropriate?
News Do Asthma Bronchiale and COPD Represent a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19 and Death?
It is well known that patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have a higher risk of severe course of common viral respiratory diseases. A study by Belgian authors involving several hundred individuals evaluated the risk of ICU admission and death due to COVID-19 in patients with asthma and COPD compared to patients without these conditions. The other goal was to determine whether these risks are influenced by inhalation corticosteroid therapy or not.
News What to add to amlodipine when it alone is not enough for hypertension?
Treating hypertension is a daily task for not only general practitioners and cardiologists. Polish doctors evaluated the effect of adding bisoprolol on the blood pressure of patients with inadequately controlled hypertension on amlodipine monotherapy in a placebo-controlled AMCOR study.
News Desirable Side Effects of Antidiabetics
The days when diabetology was a field solely focused on normalizing blood sugar levels are long gone. Today, the approach in diabetology increasingly prioritizes influencing the patient's overall life prognosis, particularly reducing cardiovascular risk. What can be the desirable side effects of the main groups of antidiabetics that are not related to merely lowering glucose levels?
News Recommendations for Lipid Administration in Patients on Home Parenteral Therapy
Home parenteral therapy is an important part of treatment for patients with chronic intestinal failure who cannot achieve adequate nutrition through enteral feeding. An integral component of this therapy is lipid emulsion, which provides a source of energy and essential fatty acids. However, long-term administration of lipid emulsion may be associated with liver damage. According to available studies, the risk can be reduced by adjusting the dosage of lipid emulsion and preferring emulsions without soybean oil.
News Stable Position of Micronized Diosmin in the Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Hemorrhoids
Diosmin is a flavonoid used in Europe as a venotonic and vasoprotective agent for over 40 years. Significant progress has been made in medicine during this time, yet the role of diosmin in the treatment of venous insufficiency and hemorrhoidal disease remains important. Diosmin itself has also evolved, being micronized for better biological availability and showing significant effects on the vascular system according to research.
News Lorlatinib in a Patient with Meningeal Carcinomatosis – Case Report
The prognosis of patients with meningeal carcinomatosis is unfavorable. The following case report demonstrates how a targeted mechanism of action and optimal drug penetration into the central nervous system (CNS) can not only quickly relieve patients from neurological problems associated with meningeal infiltration, but also prolong their survival.
News ACC 2023 Expert Consensus: How to Optimize Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure with Preserved EF LK
Heart failure (HF) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, with the incidence and prevalence of HF with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) rising. The following document focuses on individuals with HFpEF and supports the principles of evidence-based diagnosis and treatment of HF from 2022. It emphasizes the need for individualized care and multidisciplinary cooperation.
News Clinical Significance of Smaller Gaps Between Strengths of Levothyroxine Preparations in the Treatment of Hypothyroidism
Many levothyroxine preparations have relatively large intervals between doses (25 µg, 50 µg, and 75 µg), creating obstacles for some patients to achieve an optimal maintenance dose. The availability of tablets that allow for dosing in between these values facilitates precise and effective titration of levothyroxine doses, especially at the lower end of the spectrum.
News CASE STUDY: Surgical Procedure in an Adolescent Patient with Severe Hemophilia A on Emicizumab Prophylaxis
This case study is narrated by MUDr. Bohumír Blažek from the Clinic of Pediatric Medicine at LF OU and FN Ostrava. The patient is a 17-year-old boy with severe hemophilia A. Several months prior to the procedure under discussion, he was switched from prophylactic factor VIII administration to emicizumab prophylaxis. Subsequently, an extraction of all four molars was planned for orthodontic reasons. The case study describes the hematologist's approach to the procedure and the subsequent healing process.
News Romiplostim in Life-Threatening Bleeding Situations − Case Reports
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura, or immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), typically manifests as bleeding due to a low platelet count. Some bleeding episodes can be life-threatening or fatal. Clinical experience suggests that in acute bleeding complications, whether in acute ITP or exacerbations of chronic ITP, early use of the thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA) romiplostim can be beneficial. Japanese authors have described three case reports of severe diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) associated with various underlying conditions.
News Diosmin – Still an Important Modality in the Treatment of Venous Insufficiency
Chronic venous insufficiency is a highly prevalent disease in the Western population. Unfortunately, it remains without causal treatment. In the recommended therapeutic procedures, especially in the initial stages, compression treatment supplemented with pharmacotherapy plays a key role. This includes the administration of medicinal products containing micronized diosmin. The following text summarizes basic findings about its properties that predispose it to clinical use.