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News Complete remission of ALK-positive lung cancer in a patient after multiple lines of targeted therapy – a case study
Targeted treatment for driving oncogenic mutations has significantly improved outcomes for patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well. A case study was recently published in the journal Frontiers in Oncology of a patient with advanced disease who achieved complete remission after several lines of therapy.
News Biological treatment of psoriatic arthritis in the 1st line – results of the SPIRIT-H2H study after 1 year of follow-up
The SPIRIT-H2H study compared the efficacy of ixekizumab and adalimumab, either as monotherapy or with concomitant methotrexate (MTX), in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who had not been previously treated with biologics. The results of the recent work presented below after one year of follow-up suggest that the efficacy of ixekizumab remains the same regardless of the use of MTX, while the efficacy of adalimumab increases in combination with MTX.
News Ligamentous Changes as a Harbinger of Cardiac Amyloidosis – Histopathological and Clinical Study
Amyloid deposits can be present in various types of tissue. Their accumulation in connective tissue can lead to pathological changes resulting in the rupture of stressed structures (e.g., the Achilles tendon) or stenosis in areas where blood vessels and nerves pass through (e.g., carpal tunnel syndrome). Swedish doctors focused on patients with lumbar spinal stenosis to analyze how often this diagnosis is associated with amyloid deposits.
News Metamizole in Pain Management for Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
A study by Czech authors from the University Hospital St. Anna in Brno, recently published in the British Journal of Neurosurgery, evaluated analgesic treatment in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The use of metamizole as the primary analgesic was associated with a significantly lower risk of adverse clinical outcomes at 2 weeks and 6 months compared to other non-opioid and opioid analgesics.
News View on the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Baricitinib Using the NNT Indicator
Clinical parameters assessed by patients themselves are an important tool in evaluating the effectiveness of new drugs and are particularly significant in the evaluation of treatments for chronic painful conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). An analysis of clinical trial results presented at the European Rheumatology e-Congress in June 2020 focused on the effectiveness of the Janus kinase inhibitor baricitinib on parameters assessed directly by patients. Effectiveness was analyzed using the NNT indicator.
News Subclinical Hypothyroidism Associated with the Use of Allopurinol? What the Results of a Large Multicenter Study Suggested
Allopurinol is a widely used drug for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. The retrospective study presented below investigated whether its long-term use is associated with an increased risk of developing subclinical hypothyroidism.
News Excellent effect of sotorasib in a higher line of treatment in a patient with NSCLC with G12C mutation of KRAS – a case study
We present a case study of an elderly patient with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with the selective KRASG12C inhibitor sotorasib in the 5th line of oncological treatment, but with a very exceptional effect.
News Overall Survival in Patients with Metastatic CRC During 1st-Line Anti-EGFR Treatment Depending on the Presence or Absence of Hypomagnesemia
Hypomagnesemia is one of the side effects of monoclonal antibody therapy against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The study presented below examined overall survival in patients with metastatic primarily unresectable colorectal cancer (CRC) treated with anti-EGFR therapy depending on the presence or absence of hypomagnesemia.
News Should patients with primary immunodeficiencies fear COVID-19 more than the general population?
The body fights the new SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, in a similar way to other viral infections - by intensely engaging the immune system. But what if it's weakened?
News Monocyte Distribution Width as a New Indicator of Sepsis in High-Risk Patients
Most septic patients are first encountered in the emergency department, where sepsis detection is often delayed, partly due to a lack of effective biomarkers. The study presented below evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of monocyte distribution width in peripheral blood alone and in combination with white blood cell count evaluation for early sepsis detection.
News Incidence of Brain Metastases and Intracranial Activity of Sotorasib in Patients with NSCLC with G12C Mutation of the KRAS Oncogene
Sotorasib is the first targeted drug approved for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the G12C mutation of the KRAS oncogene. The newly published study presented below investigated its intracranial activity.
News Analysis of Data from the EMPEROR-Preserved Study Revealed Whether Blood Pressure Affects the Effectiveness of Empagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Hypertension is among the most common etiological factors of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), where pressure overload of the left ventricle leads to its eccentric hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. According to recent study results, empagliflozin significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications in patients with HFpEF. The EMPEROR-Preserved sub-analysis further examined the impact of baseline systolic blood pressure (sBP) on treatment outcomes and patient prognosis.
News Immunotherapy of Cancer Diseases
Immunotherapeutic strategies have been successfully utilized recently in the treatment of various malignancies. Increasing understanding of the interactions between the tumor and the host organism over the last few years has led to proposals of various promising therapeutic approaches. This overview briefly summarizes the basic principles of immunotherapy for cancer diseases.
News Does The Use of Levothyroxine in Women with Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies Affect The Risk of Miscarriage and Premature Birth?
Women with thyroid peroxidase antibodies have a higher risk of miscarriage and premature birth, even if they have normal thyroid function. The British study presented below aimed to clarify whether the use of levothyroxine affects the incidence of these complications.
News HPD 2024: Bronchitis as an Early Feature of PreCOPD, Role of Mucus Plugs in COPD, and New Findings on Their Exacerbations
Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly affect disease progression, quality of life, survival, and cardiovascular events. What to do about them and how to address them most effectively? Why should future treatment also focus more on mucus plugs? And why is it important to consider COPD even in healthy smokers? These topics were discussed by Professor Jadwiga Wedzicha from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London during a symposium supported by Angelini at this year's XXVIII Hradec Pulmonary Days.
News Importance of Testing for Iron Deficiency in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Treatment Options
Intravenous iron application in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency is now part of ESC guidelines aimed at improving symptoms, increasing exercise tolerance and quality of life in these patients, and simultaneously reducing the risk of hospitalization or death from cardiovascular causes.
Journal articles Fertility preserving methods in women with breast cancer before gonadotoxic therapy
News Dust Mite Allergy and the Risk of Sleep-Disordered Breathing
New York authors in their recently published retrospective analysis tested the hypothesis that individuals with allergic rhinitis caused by dust mite allergy have an increased risk of breathing disorders during the REM phase of sleep, based on objective polysomnography evaluation.
News Effect of Combination of Dorzolamide with Timolol for Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration
In some eyes with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), exudation does not stop despite frequent intravitreal injections of vascular endothelial factor blockers (anti-VEGF). Adjuvant therapy that reduces edema may improve overall treatment outcomes concerning visual functions. A recently published multicenter randomized clinical study evaluated the effect of local therapy combining dorzolamide and timolol in patients with this issue.
News Metabolic Effect of Telmisartan and Candesartan in Kidney Transplant Patients
Increasing cardiovascular risk from complex causes warrants a comprehensive intervention. A prospective randomized crossover study compared the effects of telmisartan and candesartan on lipid and glucose metabolism in kidney transplant patients.
News Can We Reach Brain Metastases of Lung Cancer with Anti-EGFR Targeted Therapy?
Information on the penetration of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (anti-EGFR TKIs) through the blood-brain barrier primarily comes from preclinical testing. In clinical studies, its effectiveness in patients with brain metastases can be an indicator of its penetration. However, a truly robust analysis is lacking. Until one is available, we can preliminarily evaluate the available data.
News Doc. Petr Dulíček: Physical activity in hemophiliacs? Today it is a reality - just don't be afraid!
Thanks to modern treatment, the lives of hemophiliacs are becoming more active. Patients today can engage in most sports activities. On the contrary, avoiding physical activity carries the risk of developing other diseases. A doctor should support their patients so they are not afraid of physical activities and highlight their benefits, says the head of the Center for Hemostasis Disorders at the IV. Internal Hematology Clinic of LF UK and FN Hradec Králové, Doc. MUDr. Petr Dulíček, Ph.D., in an interview on hemophilia and sports.
News Domestic application of biological asthma treatment improves quality of life and reduces doctor visits
The benefits of the possibility of home application of omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody indicated for patients with severe allergic asthma, are summarized by Dr. Jakub Novosad, Ph.D., from the Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital Hradec Králové.
News Detection of von Willebrand Disease
Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is an autosomal hereditary bleeding disorder. Its detection and diagnosis require several steps, including the initial suspicion of the presence of this disease.
News Rebound effect after denosumab discontinuation in a patient with lung cancer
The case study of a patient with metastatic lung cancer describes the emergence of vertebral fractures following the discontinuation of denosumab. This antiresorptive treatment was halted prophylactically to reduce the risk of osteonecrosis in connection with a planned dental procedure. Fifteen months after receiving the last dose of denosumab, the patient experienced atraumatic compression fractures of the spine requiring kyphoplasty to alleviate symptoms. Other causes of the fractures were ruled out.