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News What Did 3 Years of Data from the Czech National COPD Database Reveal?
In December of last year, the Czech multicenter research database on COPD was completed. This was an extensive 5-year project in which researchers included 784 patients with significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (FEV1 ≤ 60%) from 14 centers. This represents approximately 1% of the total number of patients with this diagnosis in the Czech Republic, making the study sample fairly representative for obtaining data on treatment in Czech real practice. Three-year data are currently available. What have they shown so far? This was summarized during this year's Hradec Pulmonology Days by Dr. Jaromír Zatloukal, Ph.D., from the Clinic of Pulmonary Diseases and TB at the Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University and University Hospital Olomouc.
News Analgesic Effects of Using Ringer's Solution in Wound Healing Management
Pain resulting from skin defects of various etiologies causes significant discomfort for the patient. However, wound care using Ringer's solution and the use of primary dressings, which include this solution to maintain a constant moist environment in the wound, can help address this problem.
News Pain Management in Patients After Hip and Knee Arthroplasty – Data from Clinical Practice
Inadequate analgesia after hip and knee arthroplasty can result in delayed postoperative recovery accompanied by chronic pain. The retrospective study presented below compared the efficacy of analgesia via continuous epidural infusion of ropivacaine, patient-controlled IV analgesia with the so-called Würzburg drip, and piritramide.
News Long-term Benefit of Luspatercept Therapy – Fresh Data from the MEDALIST Study
The goal of therapy for low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is to compensate for anemia, improve or maintain quality of life, and prolong the time to progression to higher-risk MDS (HR-MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To manage anemia, we can resort to transfusion therapy or administer epoetins, lenalidomide, or luspatercept, the first representative of a class of drugs that support erythrocyte maturation. Last year's data from the follow-up of patients enrolled in the MEDALIST study pertain specifically to the latter.
News 10 Warning Signs of Primary and Secondary Immunodeficiencies
The Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF) proposed 10 warning signs of primary immunodeficiencies (PID). The study presented below examined whether they are applicable to secondary immunodeficiencies (SID) and whether there are any additional signs that could help in diagnosing SID.
News Detection of ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains using a new rapid test
Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) is a relatively new antibiotic with very good efficacy against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Unfortunately, strains resistant to this antimicrobial treatment are now beginning to emerge. The authors of the presented study developed and tested a new laboratory test for the rapid and accurate detection of these multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
News Benefits of Enoxaparin Prophylaxis in Pregnancy and Postpartum
Study results suggest that the use of low molecular weight heparins during pregnancy could lead to better outcomes for women with thrombophilia and recurrent miscarriages. A group of authors from Israel compared the differences in efficacy when administering two different doses of enoxaparin to women with hereditary thrombophilia and a history of two or more spontaneous miscarriages or one fetal death without obvious cause.
News Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Summary of News from Post-ASH 2021
Dr. Anna Suredová from the Clinical Hematology Department of the Catalonian Oncology Institute in Barcelona, newly elected president of the European Society for Bone Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), also remotely participated in this year's Prague Hematology Days (PHD 2022). In her lecture, she presented an overview of highlights from 4 clinical studies regarding Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) presented during the Post-ASH 2021 meeting.
News Algorithm for Choosing Antidiabetics in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
As of June 1, 2020, general practitioners can prescribe antidiabetics from the group of so-called gliptins, inhibitors of the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4i), in addition to metformin. The cornerstone of type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment remains a comprehensive lifestyle modification (dietary measures, increased physical activity, weight reduction) and metformin as the first-line drug. In selected comorbidities or if these measures do not lead to the desired glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level after 3-6 months, the following recommendations can be followed. However, it is essential to remember that the recommendations of professional societies do not always correspond to the prescription limitations of the State Institute for Drug Control (SÚKL).
News Predictors and Rate of Anticoagulant Therapy Discontinuation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
With the worldwide increase in the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), the use of anticoagulants (warfarin, DOACs – direct oral anticoagulants) to reduce the risk of ischemic stroke (iCMP) is also rising. However, continuous use is essential. An Australian study analyzed available national data to investigate the rate of therapy discontinuation for individual anticoagulants and the predictors of persistence on treatment.
News Central European Expert Consensus on the Treatment of ITP in Adult Patients
In a recently published consensus, experts from Central Europe evaluate the current treatment options for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in adult patients and issue 7 recommendations for the administration of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) in the 2nd line treatment of ITP, based on an analysis of 31 randomized controlled trials.
News Does The Use of Levothyroxine in Women with Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies Affect The Risk of Miscarriage and Premature Birth?
Women with thyroid peroxidase antibodies have a higher risk of miscarriage and premature birth, even if they have normal thyroid function. The British study presented below aimed to clarify whether the use of levothyroxine affects the incidence of these complications.
News Excellent effect of sotorasib in a higher line of treatment in a patient with NSCLC with G12C mutation of KRAS – a case study
We present a case study of an elderly patient with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with the selective KRASG12C inhibitor sotorasib in the 5th line of oncological treatment, but with a very exceptional effect.
News Venous Insufficiency of the Lower Extremities – A Diverse Range of Risks, Manifestations, and Complications
Although initially often asymptomatic, chronic venous insufficiency includes a variety of symptoms. Some of its manifestations can be irreversible, increasing the socio-economic burden that this disease, especially in its advanced stages, represents. German authors have summarized the latest findings on the epidemiology, risks, pathogenesis, manifestations, and complications of CVI in their review.
News Treatment of Glaucoma: Without Preservatives for Everyone?
A comprehensive report by Professor John Thygesen from the University Hospital in Copenhagen analyzes patient groups for whom preservative-free antiglaucoma medications are particularly suitable. In conclusion, he suggests that if there are no price differences, widespread treatment with preservative-free preparations is preferable.
News TTR amyloidosis – at the crossroads of cardiology and orthopedics
In wild-type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy, extra-cardiac symptoms occur in addition to cardiac symptoms. Common and characteristic orthopedic manifestations include bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome, spinal canal stenosis in the lumbar region, or atraumatic rupture of the m. biceps brachii tendon. These extra-cardiac symptoms often precede the actual heart involvement. Recognizing them can thus increase diagnostic suspicion for cardiac amyloidosis and help in the timely establishment of the correct diagnosis and initiation of specific treatment. For example, even a rheumatologist or orthopedist can direct an elderly patient with an otherwise unexplained constellation of musculoskeletal symptoms to cardiology examination early, thereby significantly improving the patient's prognosis.
News When You Say Amyloid…
The term 'amyloid' was first used by the German doctor Rudolf Virchow in the mid-19th century. He described it as a pathological substance which he originally thought was starch. Although it was quickly discovered that it was a substance of protein nature, the reference to starch (from the Greek amylon) remained in the name.
News IPFchecker Project Helps Detect Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a serious progressive disease of the lung tissue of unclear etiology. Highly effective antifibrotic therapy is used in treatment, which can significantly prolong the lives of patients. However, timely detection of the disease is necessary for treatment success. For this purpose, the IPFchecker web application has been created, which helps radiologists and pulmonologists with more accurate diagnosis and timely detection of the disease.
News Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Fatigue is the most common symptom of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Its occurrence significantly impacts the health-related quality of life of patients.
News First Experiences with the Combination of Levodopa/Entacapone/Carbidopa in Intestinal Gel from the Perspective of Patients with Parkinson's Disease
The work presented at the 8th Congress of the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) in Vienna in June 2022 summarizes the first experiences with the use of intestinal gel combining the active ingredients levodopa/entacapone/carbidopa in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in clinical practice in Austria.
News Venetoclax Treatment Strategies in Patients with CLL
One of the new targeted preparations in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax. Its significant advantage is the potential to achieve deep remission, including undetectable minimal residual disease (MRD). Unlike other targeted drugs, it can be administered for a limited period of time. The following text presents current data from clinical trials and information on the strategy of selecting and sequencing targeted CLL treatment.
News What Next for Patients with CLL After Stopping Venetoclax?
Standard care for untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is therapy based on venetoclax. However, managing further treatment when venetoclax needs to be discontinued remains a relatively unexplored area without standardized protocols.