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News Programmed Cell Death as a Therapeutic Target in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

One of the key steps in malignant transformation is the disruption of apoptosis. Tumor cells exploit a variety of mechanisms that allow them to evade programmed cell death. Among the drugs targeting apoptosis pathway regulators is venetoclax, a Bcl-2 protein inhibitor used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Since August 2021, venetoclax in combination with obinutuzumab can newly be used as a reimbursed therapy for previously untreated patients with CLL who are not suitable for fludarabine administration.

Source: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia 10. 8. 2021

News Maintenance treatment with oral olaparib in women with BRCA1/2 mutation and relapsed ovarian cancer

In a phase III study published in the journal Lancet Oncology, data on the effectiveness of olaparib in patients with ovarian cancer and BRCA1/2 mutation were evaluated. The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib had previously demonstrated effectiveness in a phase II study in patients with prior sensitivity to platinum-based treatments.

Source: Ovarian and Breast Cancer 27. 4. 2020

News Meta-analysis of Incidence of Infusion Reactions to Anti-EGFR Antibodies in Patients with mCRC

The application of antibodies against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), administered in slow infusions mainly as part of the treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), may be accompanied by infusion reactions or hypersensitivity reactions.

Source: Colorectal Cancer 20. 2. 2020

News Educational Quiz (For Downtime)

The following quiz has been prepared for you as an activity for relaxation and unwinding from today's hectic days. In an easy manner, it will refresh your knowledge about immune cells and may even offer some education or entertainment.

Source: Systemic treatment of atopic dermatitis, asthma, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis – Type 2 inflammation 20. 4. 2020

News Current View on the Issue of Protein Intake in Critically Ill Patients

A summary of current knowledge and guidelines concerning the nutritional needs of critically ill patients presented last year in the journal Clinical Nutrition deals with protein intake, specifically its optimal amount, risks of incorrect approaches to protein administration, and methods for assessing the nutritional status of patients in intensive care units.

Source: Parenteral Nutrition 5. 5. 2022

News Thromboprophylaxis as a Common Part of Care for At-Risk Patients Requiring Hospitalization: Yes or No?

The proportion of patients requiring hospitalization who are at high risk of developing thromboembolic disease is relatively high. However, not all of these patients have this risk identified and thromboprophylaxis initiated.

Source: Thromboprophylaxis 28. 5. 2021

News Update of International Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hereditary Angioedema from 2021

The aim of the 2021 update of the recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of hereditary angioedema (HAE) is to help doctors answer important clinical questions: How to diagnose HAE? When and what prophylactic treatment to administer? What are the treatment goals? How do treatment of children and pregnant women differ? How to monitor disease activity, its impact, and control?

Source: Hereditary Angioedema 18. 5. 2022

News Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Inflammatory Cytokine Concentrations in Patients with Diabetic Foot Syndrome

Vitamin D deficiency is relatively common in the population. Vitamin D plays an important role, among other things, in the functioning of the immune system. The aim of the presented study was to determine whether there is a connection between vitamin D levels and the profile of inflammatory cytokines in patients with wound infections in the context of diabetic foot syndrome.

Source: Wound Healing 18. 6. 2020

News Is Dupilumab Effective in AD Therapy for Patients for Whom Cyclosporine A Fails or Cannot Be Given?

Severe forms of atopic dermatitis (AD) may require systemic therapy. However, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine A does not have sufficient efficacy in some patients with AD or is contraindicated for them. Therefore, the phase III clinical trial LIBERTY AD CAFÉ evaluated the efficacy of dupilumab in these patients.

Source: Systemic treatment of atopic dermatitis, asthma, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis – Type 2 inflammation 3. 3. 2022

News ICIS Report: Potential of TPO-RA as Early Immunomodulatory Treatment of Immune Thrombocytopenia

The report from the meeting of the Intercontinental Cooperative ITP Study Group (ICIS) in 2022 in Lenzerheide, Switzerland, published late last year in the British Journal of Haematology, discusses the potential of early treatment of immune thrombocytopenia with thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) in achieving a disease remission sustainable without further therapy.

Source: Immune Thrombocytopenia 24. 1. 2024

News Safety of Urgent Initiation of Peritoneal Dialysis

In case of urgent need for kidney function replacement, hemodialysis (HD) with a temporary venous catheter has long been the standard solution. However, it has several disadvantages such as increased mortality or the risk of bacteremia and central venous stenosis. Additionally, multiple procedures are needed to create a permanent venous access. Therefore, there is a growing global interest in urgently initiated peritoneal dialysis (PD), with several clinical studies attesting to its safety, efficacy, and feasibility. However, little has been known about early PD complications and the long-term prognosis of patients in terms of technical and infectious complications.

Source: Chronic Kidney Disease 8. 6. 2021

News Impact of Initial RAAS Inhibitor on Hospitalization Risk in HFrEF Patients

Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is considered a key step in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The preferred medication currently is the angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) sacubitril/valsartan, which has shown to improve the prognosis of patients with HFrEF. A recently published study compared the initiation of ARNI or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with HFrEF who were not previously treated with a RAAS inhibitor in real-world practice.

Source: Chronic Heart Failure and Lipidology 23. 11. 2022

News Shared Decision-Making on Kidney Function Replacement

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is not a new development, but its significance is becoming increasingly recognized. Until recently, we may not have fully appreciated its value, but in light of the global threat posed by the current pandemic, its importance is starkly clear. PD is an accessible solution designed for home care and allows patients to avoid visits to healthcare facilities to some extent.

Source: Chronic Kidney Disease 30. 11. 2020

News Shared Decision Making Plays an Important Role in Dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis is very effective and comfortable for patients, yet it is used relatively little in the Czech Republic. Are we giving enough room to patients' preferences?

Source: Chronic Kidney Disease 29. 9. 2020

News Finger on the Pulse of the Times with Automated Peritoneal Dialysis and Remote Patient Monitoring

The method of peritoneal dialysis brings many advantages to patients with chronic kidney disease and significantly eases their lives. Peritoneal dialysis saves time for both the patients themselves and the attending healthcare personnel. Modern medicine now offers an innovative tool that can remotely monitor the patient's condition, with the possibility of adjusting the treatment regimen.

Source: Chronic Kidney Disease 29. 9. 2020