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News Efficacy and Tolerance of Dorzolamide/Timolol Combination With and Without Preservatives in Patients With Elevated Intraocular Pressure
The fixed combination of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor dorzolamide and the locally acting beta-blocker timolol is indicated for the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma. The comparison of the efficacy and tolerance of this combination with preservatives, associated among other things with eye irritation, and without them was the subject of the American study presented below.
News Should We Test for Alpha-1-Antitrypsin in All COPD Patients?
Approximately 1–2% of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency. This is an underdiagnosed genetic disorder that leads to rapid progression of COPD, although it is initially amenable to therapeutic intervention. Therefore, it is necessary to improve early detection of affected individuals. General practitioners can play a crucial role in this process.
News Efficacy of Ceftazidime/Avibactam in the Treatment of Infections Caused by Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteria
Infections caused by carbapenemase-producing enterobacteria are associated with high mortality, and their incidence continues to rise. The study presented below investigated the efficacy of therapy with the combination of ceftazidime/avibactam (a third-generation cephalosporin and a beta-lactamase inhibitor) in treating these infections compared to the 'best available antibiotic therapy' (BAT).
News fSCIG in Elderly Patients with PID or SID in Real Clinical Practice
The work of a team of German and Dutch authors presents data on the real clinical use of 10% subcutaneous immunoglobulin facilitated by hyaluronidase (fSCIG) in elderly patients with primary (PID) or secondary (SID) immunodeficiency.
News Obstacle Called Vasospasm: Which Solution Is Most Effective in Microsurgery and How to Pharmacologically Assist It?
Turkish authors in their study focused on the use of metamizole in addressing vasospasm in microsurgery. Using an animal model, they sought to answer the question of how this drug compares to lidocaine and papaverine.
News Adequate Compensation of a Hypertensive Patient According to Current ESC Guidelines – Case Study
A 65-year-old man, hypertensive, visits the general practitioner for a check-up. He reports recent shortness of breath during mild exertion (walking up stairs). Two months ago, he had acute sinusitis, for which he was prescribed antibiotics (penicillin V) by a specialist. He experiences hip pain and suffers from a runny nose in the spring (allergy?). He has been treated for hypertension for approximately 8 years.
News Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Patients with HER2+ Metastatic Breast Cancer
Last year, results of studies published in the Lancet journal demonstrated a significant clinical benefit of trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (mBC) pre-treated with anti-HER2 therapy, in the 2nd or later lines of treatment compared to trastuzumab emtansine (DESTINY-Breast03 study, second interim overall survival analysis) and after failure of trastuzumab emtansine compared to physician's choice of therapy (DESTINY-Breast02 study).
News Brentuximab Vedotin and Relapsing/Refractory NHL with High Expression of CD30
A recently published study by authors from South Korea focused on examining the efficacy of brentuximab vedotin in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) that highly express CD30 (i.e., > 30% CD30-positive tumor cells based on immunohistochemistry), where the disease had relapsed or was refractory to previous treatments.
News Management of Musculoskeletal Issues in Hemophiliacs at a Glance
Musculoskeletal issues are among the most common complications of hemophilia. Prevention and early treatment are crucial, and this message is also addressed to specialists by the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) guidelines from 2020.
News Prediabetes through the lens of current data and findings − and why hurry with intervention
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is one of the most common causes of premature morbidity and mortality worldwide. The most serious impact on the health of the organism is mainly due to the macrovascular complications of this disease. However, their occurrence was often recorded before the diagnosis of DM2 was confirmed. Prediabetes itself thus represents a condition associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) complications with all their prognostic implications for patients.
News Currently on the Issue of Interchangeability of Preparations with Levothyroxine in Practice
Levothyroxine (LT4) in oral form is the standard therapy for patients with hypothyroidism. Given the legislative possibility of generic substitution and the number of original and generic preparations containing LT4, its substitution is possible, though not recommended. What are the practical conclusions?
News Bite-Sized Pieces from EHA 2021: Two New Findings on T-Cell Lymphoma
Can a molecule that is crucial for the sensitivity of adult T-cell lymphoma or leukemia (ATLL) to NK cell cytotoxicity be identified? And what conclusions were drawn from the testing of an antibody specific for TRBC1 in the investigation of T-lymphoproliferative disorders? These topics were also covered at the EHA 2021 congress, in the electronic poster presentation section.
News How to Communicate and Receive an Oncological Diagnosis
Communicating the truth to a patient about their health condition does not have a very long tradition in the Czech Republic. The Czech healthcare system started emphasizing this aspect, i.e., honest and open communication between doctor and patient, several years after the Velvet Revolution.
News Drops with Liposomal Ozonized Oil Reduce Ocular Microbial Burden Before Cataract Surgery
The periocular zone and conjunctiva are characterized by high microbial activity. Therefore, it is important to reduce this bacterial burden as part of preoperative prophylaxis before surgery to minimize the risk of infection. The aim of the study presented below, conducted in 20 Italian centers, was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of a new ocular solution in patients undergoing cataract surgery.
News Benefit of Adding Panitumumab to Maintenance Therapy in mCRC with Non-mutated RAS Oncogene
PANAMA was the first randomized study evaluating the addition of an anti-EGFR antibody to maintenance therapy with fluorouracil and folic acid (FU/FA) in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with a non-mutated (wt − wild-type) RAS oncogene. The results suggest that upon achieving disease control after initial treatment with FOLFOX + panitumumab, the combination of panitumumab with FU/FA might be the most suitable for maintenance therapy.
News Treatment with Osimertinib in Patients with NSCLC After Disease Progression on Previous Therapy – Case Study
We present a case study of a patient with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a proven activating mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, who developed resistance to the first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) gefitinib during treatment. After the secondary mutation EGFR T790M was confirmed, osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR TKI, was introduced, resulting in disease regression, which is ongoing. This case study illustrates the significance of the role of osimertinib in the treatment of patients with NSCLC with an activating EGFR mutation, whose disease progresses during treatment with first and second-generation EGFR TKIs due to the emergence of the secondary EGFR T790M mutation.
News How TPO-RA Drugs Fared in Meta-Analyses of Safety and Efficacy in ITP Patients
Meta-analyses regarding the use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) evaluated their efficacy and safety in the treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia over long-term follow-ups. What findings did they uncover?
News Use of Targeted Therapy with Dupilumab in Patients with Allergic Diseases
Interleukins (IL) 4 and 13 play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Their blockade is therefore a suitable strategy for a number of these conditions. This is offered by the new monoclonal antibody dupilumab (Dupixent), which is approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, asthma with type 2 inflammation, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. Studies are ongoing to evaluate its efficacy in other diseases where type 2 inflammation predominates.
News Clinical Characteristics of Trauma Patients Requiring Dosing Adjustments of Enoxaparin in TEN Prevention
Injuries and trauma surgical procedures represent a significant risk factor for the development of thromboembolic disease (TEN). Routine thromboprophylaxis is thus recommended for trauma patients, often in the form of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH), including enoxaparin. A recently published study evaluated factors associated with the need for higher dosing of enoxaparin to achieve effective prophylactic levels.
News Stable Position of Micronized Diosmin in the Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency and Hemorrhoids
Diosmin is a flavonoid used in Europe as a venotonic and vasoprotective agent for over 40 years. Significant progress has been made in medicine during this time, yet the role of diosmin in the treatment of venous insufficiency and hemorrhoidal disease remains important. Diosmin itself has also evolved, being micronized for better biological availability and showing significant effects on the vascular system according to research.