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News Postoperative Bleeding in Children with Hypofibrinogenemia Induced by Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Patients undergoing cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass are at risk of up to a 40% reduction in plasma fibrinogen levels, with subsequent risk of perioperative bleeding. Children undergoing surgery for congenital heart defects are even more sensitive to the reduction in fibrinogen. What are the possible solutions, and is any one of them significantly better?
News Experiences with the Treatment of Coagulopathy in Obstetrics – ROTEM-Guided Algorithm
An observational study from a hospital in Liverpool, UK, was published in the journal Anaesthesia, where they implemented a bleeding management algorithm for obstetric procedures based on rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) testing. After 4 years of using this algorithm, it was found that selective administration of fibrinogen concentrates based on ROTEM results led to better clinical outcomes in the treatment of coagulopathy.
News Mental Health as an Overlooked Topic in Patients with Psoriasis
Psoriasis is an inflammatory, non-infectious disease primarily affecting the skin, and sometimes the nails, although in some patients, it manifests as psoriatic arthritis. To minimize the negative impact of these stigmatizing issues on patients' daily lives, not only optimal pharmacotherapy is crucial, but also the support of mental health.
News Incidence and Risk Factors of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Hematologic Oncologic Patients
Patients with hematologic malignancies are at higher risk of infectious diseases, particularly community-acquired pneumonia, due to immunosuppression. However, recent data providing information on the incidence and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia in this patient group are quite limited. The aim of the cohort study published by Dutch authors was therefore to supplement the missing recent information on the issue of community-acquired pneumonia in hematologic oncologic patients.
News Overview of Current Treatment Options for MRSA-Induced Pneumonia
Pneumonia caused by methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a disease with high mortality requiring urgent treatment, whether it is a community-acquired or nosocomial infection. Italian authors published a review article at the beginning of 2022, describing the current available treatment modalities for this infection based on a literature survey.
News Memantine, Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors, and Their Combination in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease − Findings from Meta-Analyses
Is memantine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (donepezil), or their combination more advantageous in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease? Two meta-analyses tried to answer this question, and we summarize their conclusions in the following article.
News Autonomic Dysfunction in Patients with Transthyretin Amyloidosis
Autonomic nervous system disorders are a common complication of transthyretin amyloidosis. Their frequency, nature, and impact on patients' quality of life were examined in the longitudinal THAOS study.
News Influence of ARNI on the Efficacy and Safety of Empagliflozin in the Treatment of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
Pharmacological inhibition of neprilysin and the AT1 receptor for angiotensin II (ARNI) through sacubitril/valsartan reduces cardiovascular (CV) mortality and the risk of hospitalization for heart failure. The same benefit has also been demonstrated with the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), also known as gliflozins. A pre-specified sub-analysis of the EMPEROR-Reduced study evaluated whether the benefit of SGLT2i is also significant in patients treated with ARNI.
News Composition of the Intestinal Microbiota of Patients with IBS May Predetermine the Success of a Diet with Low Fermentable Carbohydrates
Some patients with irritable bowel syndrome may benefit from a diet low in fermentable carbohydrates, but the mechanism of this intervention is not yet satisfactorily explained. A study published in Gut focused on the relationship between the composition of the intestinal microbiota and clinical response to dietary intervention.
News Early Detection of Erectile Dysfunction in Men with Type 2 Diabetes
A retrospective study published last year identified predictors of erectile dysfunction in men with type 2 diabetes. The authors recommend screening patients with elevated uric acid levels, diabetes duration ≥ 49 months, and diabetic retinopathy.
News Increase in Hematocrit During Empagliflozin Treatment in a Diabetic Patient with Severe Anemia − A Case Study
In a case study involving a 78-year-old diabetic patient, where only the administration of empagliflozin led to the correction of severe anemia of unknown origin, Polish authors demonstrate the previously described pleiotropic effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i, i.e., gliflozins) on increasing hematocrit levels.
News Benefit of Adding Empagliflozin to Standard Therapy in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
The use of empagliflozin led to a reduction in the risk of hospitalization for heart failure or death from cardiovascular (CV) causes in the EMPEROR-Reduced study in patients with adequately treated heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) compared to placebo, regardless of whether the patients had diabetes. A post hoc analysis of this study focused on another important question: how does the benefit of adding empagliflozin interact with the standard disease-modifying therapy for heart failure?
News Current NCCN Recommendations for CLL/SLL Diagnosis – Version 1.2023
In August 2022, the latest guidelines from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) concerning chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) were published. Here we present the essential extract from these recommendations for diagnosing both diseases.
News Impact of Initial RAAS Inhibitor on Hospitalization Risk in HFrEF Patients
Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is considered a key step in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The preferred medication currently is the angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) sacubitril/valsartan, which has shown to improve the prognosis of patients with HFrEF. A recently published study compared the initiation of ARNI or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with HFrEF who were not previously treated with a RAAS inhibitor in real-world practice.
News Potential of Aloe to Reduce Severity of Symptoms in Patients with IBS − What Emerged from the Analysis of Fecal Microflora and Metabolite Profiles?
Current treatment options for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS − irritable bowel syndrome) are relatively limited. This increases interest in complementary and alternative therapy options with plant preparations. One modality used to alleviate IBS symptoms is Aloe barbadensis Mill. The aim of a clinical study by Swedish researchers was to assess the effect of aloe on IBS symptoms compared to a control treatment with inulin.