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Benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms in men – aetiology, pathophysiology and epidemiology


Authors: M. Záleský;  R. Zachoval
Authors‘ workplace: Urologické oddělení ;  Primář: Doc. MUDr. Roman Zachoval, Ph. D. ;  Thomayerova nemocnice, Praha
Published in: Prakt. Lék. 2014; 94(5): 217-222
Category: Reviews

Overview

Objective:
The aim of this article is to summarize information regarding the aetiology, pathophysiology and epidemiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men.

Methods:
References relating to the keywords benign prostatic hyperplasia AND (OR aetiology pathophysiology OR epidemiology) were searched using PubMed database. Information from these sources formed the basis of this article.

Results:
Currently used definitions of BPH and lower urinary tract symptoms are mentioned in this review. The theory of genesis of BPH and a cascade of events leading to the lower urinary tract symptoms in men with BPH are described. The facts about the natural history of benign prostatic hyperplasia and risk factors of progression of BPH also are mentioned. Subsequently prevalence of BPH and LUTS in men regarding definitions used in epidemiological studies is interpreted.

Conclusion:
The aetiology and pathophysiology of BPH and their relationship to LUTS are not yet fully understood. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a progressive disease. According to the occurrence of the risk factors BPH may lead to worsening of symptoms of lower urinary tract or urinary retention unless thera­py of BPH is used. Prevalence of LUTS in men as well as benign prostatic enlargement or BPH increases with age of men.

Keywords:
benign prostatic hyperplasia – lower urinary tract symptoms – aetiology – pathophysiology – epidemiology


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