#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Towards a bottom-up understanding of antimicrobial use and resistance on the farm: A knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey across livestock systems in five African countries


Autoři: Mark A. Caudell aff001;  Alejandro Dorado-Garcia aff002;  Suzanne Eckford aff002;  Chris Creese aff002;  Denis K. Byarugaba aff003;  Kofi Afakye aff004;  Tamara Chansa-Kabali aff005;  Folorunso O. Fasina aff006;  Emmanuel Kabali aff007;  Stella Kiambi aff001;  Tabitha Kimani aff001;  Geoffrey Mainda aff008;  Peter E. Mangesho aff009;  Francis Chimpangu aff010;  Kululeko Dube aff007;  Bashiru Boi Kikimoto aff011;  Eric Koka aff012;  Tendai Mugara aff007;  Bachana Rubegwa aff006;  Samuel Swiswa aff013
Působiště autorů: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Nairobi, Kenya aff001;  Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy aff002;  College of Veterinary Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda aff003;  Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Accra, Ghana aff004;  Department of Psychology, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia aff005;  Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania aff006;  Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Harare, Zimbabwe aff007;  Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka, Zambia aff008;  National Institute for Medical Research, Amani Medical Research Centre, Muheza, Tanzania aff009;  Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Lusaka, Zambia aff010;  Public Health & Food Safety Unit, Veterinary Service, Accra, Ghana aff011;  Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana aff012;  Division of Veterinary Services, Department of Livestock and Veterinary Services, Harare, Zimbabwe aff013
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 15(1)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220274

Souhrn

The nutritional and economic potentials of livestock systems are compromised by the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. A major driver of resistance is the misuse and abuse of antimicrobial drugs. The likelihood of misuse may be elevated in low- and middle-income countries where limited professional veterinary services and inadequately controlled access to drugs are assumed to promote non-prudent practices (e.g., self-administration of drugs). The extent of these practices, as well as the knowledge and attitudes motivating them, are largely unknown within most agricultural communities in low- and middle-income countries. The main objective of this study was to document dimensions of knowledge, attitudes and practices related to antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in livestock systems and identify the livelihood factors associated with these dimensions. A mixed-methods ethnographic approach was used to survey households keeping layers in Ghana (N = 110) and Kenya (N = 76), pastoralists keeping cattle, sheep, and goats in Tanzania (N = 195), and broiler farmers in Zambia (N = 198), and Zimbabwe (N = 298). Across countries, we find that it is individuals who live or work at the farm who draw upon their knowledge and experiences to make decisions regarding antimicrobial use and related practices. Input from animal health professionals is rare and antimicrobials are sourced at local, privately owned agrovet drug shops. We also find that knowledge, attitudes, and particularly practices significantly varied across countries, with poultry farmers holding more knowledge, desirable attitudes, and prudent practices compared to pastoralist households. Multivariate models showed that variation in knowledge, attitudes and practices is related to several factors, including gender, disease dynamics on the farm, and source of animal health information. Study results emphasize that interventions to limit antimicrobial resistance should be founded upon a bottom-up understanding of antimicrobial use at the farm-level given limited input from animal health professionals and under-resourced regulatory capacities within most low- and middle-income countries. Establishing this bottom-up understanding across cultures and production systems will inform the development and implementation of the behavioral change interventions to combat antimicrobial resistance globally.

Klíčová slova:

Antimicrobial resistance – Antimicrobials – Farms – Livestock – Livestock care – Poultry – Veterinarians – Veterinary diseases


Zdroje

1. Davies J, Davies D. Origins and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2010;74: 417–433. doi: 10.1128/MMBR.00016-10 20805405

2. Landers TF, Cohen B, Wittum TE, Larson EL. A Review of Antibiotic Use in Food Animals: Perspective, Policy, and Potential. Public Health Reports. 2012;127: 4–22. doi: 10.1177/003335491212700103 22298919

3. Levy SB, Marshall B. Antibacterial resistance worldwide: causes, challenges and responses. Nature Medicine. 2004;10: S122–S129. doi: 10.1038/nm1145 15577930

4. Palmer GH, Call DR. Antimicrobial resistance: A global public health challenge requiring a global one health strategy. 2013. https://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Perspectives-Files/2013/Commentaries/BGH-Anitmicrobial-Resistance.pdf

5. World Health Organization. Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2015.

6. Van Boeckel TP, Brower C, Gilbert M, Grenfell BT, Levin SA, Robinson TP, et al. Global trends in antimicrobial use in food animals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2015;112: 5649. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1503141112 25792457

7. Robinson TP, Bu DP, Carrique-Mas J, Fèvre EM, Gilbert M, Grace D, et al. Antibiotic resistance is the quintessential One Health issue. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2016;110: 377–380. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trw048 27475987

8. Zinsstag J, Schelling E, Waltner-Toews D, Tanner M. From “one medicine” to “one health” and systemic approaches to health and well-being. Preventive veterinary medicine. 2011;101: 148–156. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2010.07.003 20832879

9. Guenther S, Ewers C, Wieler L. Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Producing E. coli in Wildlife, yet Another Form of Environmental Pollution? Frontiers in Microbiology. 2011;2: 246. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00246 22203818

10. Katakweba A, Møller K, Muumba J, Muhairwa A, Damborg P, Rosenkrantz JT, et al. Antimicrobial resistance in faecal samples from buffalo, wildebeest and zebra grazing together with and without cattle in T anzania. Journal of Applied microbiology. 2015;118: 966–975. doi: 10.1111/jam.12738 25641381

11. Afema JA, Byarugaba DK, Shah DH, Atukwase E, Nambi M, Sischo WM. Potential Sources and Transmission of Salmonella and Antimicrobial Resistance in Kampala, Uganda. PLOS ONE. 2016;11: e0152130. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152130 26999788

12. Mather A, Reid S, Maskell D, Parkhill J, Fookes M, Harris S, et al. Distinguishable epidemics of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 in different hosts. Science. 2013;341: 1514–1517. doi: 10.1126/science.1240578 24030491

13. Mather AE, Matthews L, Mellor DJ, Reeve R, Denwood MJ, Boerlin P, et al. An ecological approach to assessing the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in animal and human populations. Proc Biol Sci. 2011;279: 1630–1639. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2011.1975 22090389

14. Dorado-García A, Smid JH, van Pelt W, Bonten MJM, Fluit AC, van den Bunt G, et al. Molecular relatedness of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from humans, animals, food and the environment: a pooled analysis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2018;73: 339–347. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkx397 29165596

15. Day MJ, Hopkins KL, Wareham DW, Toleman MA, Elviss N, Randall L, et al. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in human-derived and foodchain-derived samples from England, Wales, and Scotland: an epidemiological surveillance and typing study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2019.

16. Hendriksen RS, Munk P, Njage P, van Bunnik B, McNally L, Lukjancenko O, et al. Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewage. Nature Communications. 2019;10: 1124. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-08853-3 30850636

17. Collignon P, Beggs JJ, Walsh TR, Gandra S, Laxminarayan R. Anthropological and socioeconomic factors contributing to global antimicrobial resistance: a univariate and multivariable analysis. The Lancet Planetary Health. 2018;2: e398–e405. doi: 10.1016/S2542-5196(18)30186-4 30177008

18. Dorado-García A, Dohmen W, Bos MEH, Verstappen KM, Houben M, Wagenaar JA, et al. Dose-Response Relationship between Antimicrobial Drugs and Livestock-Associated MRSA in Pig Farming1. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2015;21: 950–959. doi: 10.3201/eid2106.140706 25989456

19. Bebell LM, Muiru AN. Antibiotic use and emerging resistance: how can resource-limited countries turn the tide? Global heart. 2014;9: 347–358. doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2014.08.009 25667187

20. Cox JA, Vlieghe E, Mendelson M, Wertheim H, Ndegwa L, Villegas MV, et al. Antibiotic stewardship in low- and middle-income countries: the same but different? Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2017;23: 812–818. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.07.010 28712667

21. Founou LL, Founou RC, Essack SY. Antibiotic Resistance in the Food Chain: A Developing Country-Perspective. Frontiers in microbiology. 2016;7: 1881–1881. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01881 27933044

22. Okeke IN, Laxminarayan R, Bhutta ZA, Duse AG, Jenkins P, O’Brien TF, et al. Antimicrobial resistance in developing countries. Part I: recent trends and current status. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2005;5: 481–493. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70189-4 16048717

23. Food and Agriculture Organization. Monitoring global progress on addressing antimicrobial resistance: analysis report of the second round of results of AMR country self-assessment survey 2018. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization; 2018. http://www.fao.org/publications/card/en/c/CA0486EN

24. World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance: a manual for developing national action plans. 2016.

25. Gauthier J, Simeon M, De Haan C. The effect of structural adjustment programmes on the delivery of veterinary services in Africa. Citeseer; 1999. pp. 133–156.

26. Sones KR, Catley A, editors. Primary animal health care in the 21st Century: shaping the rules, policies and institutions. Proceedings of an international conference held in Mombaa, Kenya, 15–18 October 2002. Nairobi, Kenya: African/Union/Interafrican Bureau for Animal Resources; 2003.

27. Omulo S, Thumbi SM, Njenga MK, Call DR. A review of 40 years of enteric antimicrobial resistance research in Eastern Africa: what can be done better? Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control. 2015;4: 1–13. doi: 10.1186/s13756-014-0041-4 25717374

28. Caudell MA, Quinlan MB, Subbiah M, Call DR, Roulette CJ, Roulette JW, et al. Antimicrobial Use and Veterinary Care among Agro-Pastoralists in Northern Tanzania. PLOS ONE. 2017;12: e0170328. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170328 28125722

29. Johnson S, Bugyei K, Nortey P, Tasiame W. Antimicrobial drug usage and poultry production: case study in Ghana. Anim Prod Sci. 2019;59: 177–182.

30. Nonga H, Simon C, Karimuribo E, Mdegela R. Assessment of antimicrobial usage and residues in commercial chicken eggs from smallholder poultry keepers in Morogoro municipality, Tanzania. Zoonoses and Public health. 2010;57: 339–344. doi: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01226.x 19486498

31. Turkson P. Use of drugs and antibiotics in poultry production in Ghana. Ghana Journal of Agricultural Science. 2008;41.

32. Roderick S, Stevenson P, Mwendia C, Okech G. The Use of Trypanocides and Antibiotics by Maasai Pastoralists. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 2000;32: 361–374. doi: 10.1023/a:1005277518352 11147276

33. Boamah VE, Agyare C, Odoi H, Dalsgaard A. Practices and factors influencing the use of antibiotics in selected poultry farms in Ghana. 2016.

34. Mubito EP, Shahada F, Kimanya ME, Buza JJ. Antimicrobial use in the poultry industry in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania and public health implications. Am J Res Commun. 2014;2: 51–63.

35. Gehring R, Swan G, Sykes R. Supply of veterinary medicinal products to an emerging farming community in the North West Province of South Africa. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association. 2002;73: 185–189. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v73i4.584 12665131

36. Ojo OE, Fabusoro E, Majasan AA, Dipeolu MA. Antimicrobials in animal production: usage and practices among livestock farmers in Oyo and Kaduna States of Nigeria. Tropical animal health and production. 2016;48: 189–197. doi: 10.1007/s11250-015-0939-8 26526955

37. Auta A, Hadi MA, Oga E, Adewuyi EO, Abdu-Aguye SN, Adeloye D, et al. Global access to antibiotics without prescription in community pharmacies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Infection. 2018.

38. Ngumbi AF, Silayo RS. A cross-sectional study on the use and misuse of trypanocides in selected pastoral and agropastoral areas of eastern and northeastern Tanzania. Parasites & vectors. 2017;10: 607.

39. Higham LE, Ongeri W, Asena K, Thrusfield MV. Characterising and comparing drug-dispensing practices at animal health outlets in the Rift Valley, Kenya: an exploratory analysis (part II). Tropical Animal Health and Production. 2016;48: 1633–1643. doi: 10.1007/s11250-016-1137-z 27580621

40. Delespaux V, Geerts S, Brandt J, Elyn R, Eisler M. Monitoring the correct use of isometamidium by farmers and veterinary assistants in Eastern Province of Zambia using the isometamidium-ELISA. Veterinary parasitology. 2002;110: 117–122. doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(02)00316-3 12446096

41. Mbugua MW. Analysis Of Demand For Antibiotics In Poultry Production In Kiambu County, Kenya. Nairobi Kenya: University of Nairobi, Department of Agricultural Economics; 2014. http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/71821

42. Mubito EP, Shahada F, Kimanya ME, Buza JJ. Antimicrobial use in the poultry industry in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania and public health implications. Am J Res Commun. 2014;2: 51–63.

43. Caudell MA, Charoonsophonsak PV, Miller A, Lyimo B, Subbiah M, Buza J, et al. Narrative risk messages increase uptake and sharing of health interventions in a hard-to-reach population: A pilot study to promote milk safety among Maasai pastoralists in Tanzania. Pastoralism. 2019;9: 7. doi: 10.1186/s13570-019-0142-z

44. Creswell JW, Clark VLP. Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Third. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications; 2017.

45. Guest G, Namey E, McKenna K. How many focus groups are enough? Building an evidence base for nonprobability sample sizes. Field methods. 2017;29: 3–22.

46. Kramer CY. Extension of multiple range tests to group means with unequal numbers of replications. Biometrics. 1956;12: 307–310.

47. Cook RD. Detection of influential observation in linear regression. Technometrics. 1977;19: 15–18.

48. Neter J, Kutner MH, Nachtsheim CJ, Wasserman W. Applied linear statistical models. Chicago: Irwin Chicago; 1996.

49. O’Brien RM. Dropping highly collinear variables from a model: why it typically is not a good idea. Social Science Quarterly. 2017;98: 360–375.

50. Shapiro SS, Wilk MB. An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples). Biometrika. 1965;52: 591–611.

51. Cohen P, Cohen J, West S, Aiken L. Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 2003.

52. Huber PJ. The behavior of maximum likelihood estimates under nonstandard conditions. University of California Press; 1967. pp. 221–233.

53. Caudell MA, Quinlan MB, Quinlan RJ, Call DR. Medical pluralism and livestock health: ethnomedical and biomedical veterinary knowledge among East African agropastoralists. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 2017;13: 7–15. doi: 10.1186/s13002-017-0135-1 28109305

54. Pearson M, Chandler C. Knowing antimicrobial resistance in practice: a multi-country qualitative study with human and animal healthcare professionals. Global health action. 2019;12: 1599560. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2019.1599560 31294679

55. Roope LSJ, Smith RD, Pouwels KB, Buchanan J, Abel L, Eibich P, et al. The challenge of antimicrobial resistance: What economics can contribute. Science. 2019;364: eaau4679. doi: 10.1126/science.aau4679 30948524

56. Bett B, Machila N, Gathura PB, McDemott JJ, Eisler MC. Characterisation of shops selling veterinary medicines in a tsetse-infested area of Kenya. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 2004;63: 29–38. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2004.02.004 15099714

57. Caudell MA, Mair C, Subbiah M, Matthews L, Quinlan RJ, Quinlan MB, et al. Identification of risk factors associated with carriage of resistant Escherichia coli in three culturally diverse ethnic groups in Tanzania: a biological and socioeconomic analysis. The Lancet Planetary Health. 2018;2: e489–e497. doi: 10.1016/S2542-5196(18)30225-0 30396440


Článek vyšel v časopise

PLOS One


2020 Číslo 1
Nejčtenější tento týden
Nejčtenější v tomto čísle
Kurzy

Zvyšte si kvalifikaci online z pohodlí domova

Svět praktické medicíny 1/2024 (znalostní test z časopisu)
nový kurz

Koncepce osteologické péče pro gynekology a praktické lékaře
Autoři: MUDr. František Šenk

Sekvenční léčba schizofrenie
Autoři: MUDr. Jana Hořínková

Hypertenze a hypercholesterolémie – synergický efekt léčby
Autoři: prof. MUDr. Hana Rosolová, DrSc.

Význam metforminu pro „udržitelnou“ terapii diabetu
Autoři: prof. MUDr. Milan Kvapil, CSc., MBA

Všechny kurzy
Kurzy Podcasty Doporučená témata Časopisy
Přihlášení
Zapomenuté heslo

Zadejte e-mailovou adresu, se kterou jste vytvářel(a) účet, budou Vám na ni zaslány informace k nastavení nového hesla.

Přihlášení

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte se

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#