Bleeding can also cause complications in the nervous system of hemophiliacs. The authors of the work presented below discuss the significance of prophylactic administration of factor VIII coagulation concentrates, specifically concerning neurological complications related to bleeding.

Spanish authors recently published a case study of a young man with pharmacologically unmanageable agitation delirium following multiple injuries from a traffic accident, which resolved within 3 days with continuous infusion of tiapride.

Hand in hand with the increasing number of people reaching an older age, there is also a rise in the occurrence of dementia. It affects the lives of patients and their families in many ways. A significant problem can be behavioral disorder, which needs to be treated adequately and promptly to prevent issues such as injuries.

Dental dentures are removable replacements made for partial or complete loss of teeth. Quality denture treatment is a long-lasting process in which oral hygiene and denture hygiene play a key role.

Causal therapy for osteoarthritis does not yet exist. Patients suffering from progressive joint disease are thus dependent on symptomatic medications that alleviate symptoms and partially slow the progression of osteoarthritis. An essential role in therapy is played by viscosupplementation in the form of intra-articular application of hyaluronic acid (HA). Currently, 3rd generation preparations intended for single application are preferred due to their efficiency and safety.

The revolutionary benefits of gliflozins have completely changed the perspective on the choice of pharmacotherapy for diabetes. They have attracted not only diabetologists but also cardiologists and nephrologists after the favorable effects of this group of drugs on heart failure and renal functions were demonstrated even in patients without diabetes. Dapagliflozin and empagliflozin were subsequently included in recommendations for the treatment of heart failure regardless of the presence of diabetes. Dapagliflozin has also been approved for the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease.

Osteoarthritis represents the most common joint disease in adults, with its incidence and prevalence increasing with age. With the overall aging of the population, it is becoming a significant medical as well as social problem. Due to the growing number of cases, new modalities are being sought for current therapeutic procedures, including nuclear magnetic resonance therapy, whose effect has been verified by an extensive clinical study.

Benzalkonium chloride is commonly used in eye drops intended for glaucoma treatment due to its preservative effect. However, in recent years, it has been shown to cause damage to both superficial and deeper eye tissues and also provoke other difficulties. The study presented below examined its effect on the epithelium of the Meibomian glands.

The genetic basis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was discovered only about a quarter-century ago. Since then, researchers have gathered a wealth of knowledge about the effects of causal mutations. Today, new drugs are available that directly target the molecular basis of the disease. The following text explains how mutations in heart muscle proteins are linked to myocardial hypertrophy.

The Rome criteria for diagnosing disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) have recently been modified due to discrepancies with their use in clinical practice. The Rome Foundation board has created modified Rome IV diagnostic criteria. When caring for patients with DGBI, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), it will be possible to diagnose even with shorter duration and lower frequency of symptoms.

The foundation of managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) typically involves lifestyle adjustments, including dietary changes. Can intermittent fasting (IF) or the ketogenic diet (KD), popular dietary trends, help diabetics with weight loss and reduction of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels? The answer was sought by authors of a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing IF or KD with other dietary regimes.

Empagliflozin entered the market as an antidiabetic drug operating on the principle of reducing glucose reabsorption by the kidneys from the urine and increasing its excretion through urine. Thanks to its very favorable impact on cardiovascular (CV) risks, it has gradually become an important part of treatment in cardiology as well. On May 1st, the long-awaited expansion of its reimbursement from public health insurance (ZP) for symptomatic heart failure with mildly reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (EF LK) will take place. It will thus be possible to improve the prognosis and quality of life for patients with this diagnosis. However, upon the availability of clinically verified therapy, another challenge arises in the form of underdiagnosis of patients with heart failure with preserved EF LK.

The use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) is a known risk factor for thromboembolism. Therefore, we should consider the individual risk of each patient before prescribing COCs. Women with a positive personal or family history of thromboembolic events should undergo molecular genetic testing for the presence of thrombophilic mutations.