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News Update of International Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hereditary Angioedema from 2021
The aim of the 2021 update of the recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of hereditary angioedema (HAE) is to help doctors answer important clinical questions: How to diagnose HAE? When and what prophylactic treatment to administer? What are the treatment goals? How do treatment of children and pregnant women differ? How to monitor disease activity, its impact, and control?
News How Does Emicizumab Work in Obese Adults with Hemophilia A?
What is the annual bleeding rate and minimum concentration of emicizumab in obese adults with hemophilia A compared to non-obese individuals? Answers were sought by the authors of a pooled post hoc analysis of the HAVEN 1, 3, and 4 studies, the results of which were presented in the poster section of the 2021 ISTH virtual congress. Based on modeling, body weight appears to be an important predictor of emicizumab pharmacokinetics.
News Effects of Telmisartan on Vascular Endothelial Functions, Inflammation Parameters, and Insulin Resistance in Patients with CHD and DM
Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) often have dysfunctional vascular endothelium, increased inflammatory markers, and insulin resistance. The study presented below investigated the effects of telmisartan on these parameters associated with disease progression and worse prognosis.
News Effect of Romiplostim in Refractory ITP with Possibility of Maintaining Response Without Treatment – Case Report
This case report from the United States features an ideal therapeutic response to romiplostim in a patient with refractory immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). After several years of successful therapy, the medication could even be gradually discontinued while maintaining the therapeutic response.
News Impact of Dabigatran and Warfarin Treatment on the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
What clinical characteristics in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation may indicate a higher risk of acute kidney injury? Does the modality of anticoagulation therapy play a role in its incidence? These questions were the focus of an extensive retrospective study conducted in an Asian setting.
News When to Stop Dabigatran Anticoagulation Treatment Before Catheter Ablation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation?
Catheter ablation is now a standard method of treating atrial fibrillation. Its most common complications are bleeding and thromboembolism. The aim of the analysis of 2 clinical studies presented below, whose conclusions were recently published, was to determine the optimal timing of stopping dabigatran anticoagulation treatment before this procedure.
News ADCT – a simple tool for self-diagnosis of patients with severe atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory disease not only of childhood. It can negatively affect the quality of life despite being treatable. Control and management of the disease in different areas of life can be easily evaluated using the ADCT questionnaire.
News Results of Prophylactic Treatment of Severe von Willebrand Disease with Recombinant vWF
The phase III study cited below evaluated the efficacy and safety of 12-month prophylaxis with recombinant von Willebrand factor (rvWF) in 23 patients with severe von Willebrand disease (vWD), who had previously been treated either on-demand (during spontaneous bleeding episodes) or had been on prophylaxis with plasma-derived vWF (pdvWF).
News Summary Analysis of HAVEN 1–4 and Patient Case Studies from ÚHKT
MUDr. Věra Geierová from the Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion in Prague prepared a summary of what was discussed about emicizumab during the ASH 2020 congress for this year's Prague Hematology Days. In this context, she highlighted the comprehensive analysis of phase 3 HAVEN 1–4 studies, which assessed the safety and efficacy of emicizumab in individuals with hemophilia A with or without FVIII inhibitors.
News Benefits of Physical Activity for Individuals with Hemophilia – Recommendations of the MEMO Group
Regular physical activity can increase joint stability and function in individuals with hemophilia, reduce the risk of injury, improve quality of life, and have other positive effects. However, according to recent findings, a regular exercise program is not sufficiently emphasized in comprehensive hemophilia therapy. Therefore, a group of Italian experts has created a consensus summarizing current knowledge about the benefits of exercise for individuals with hemophilia and recommendations for physical activity.
News Do ACE Inhibitors Have a Protective Effect in People with COVID-19?
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has not lasted even a year, a number of studies have already been processed, examining the influence of various factors on the morbidity and mortality of patients. The presented meta-analysis investigated the influence of ACE inhibitors on the mortality of patients with this disease.
News Should patients with primary immunodeficiencies fear COVID-19 more than the general population?
The body fights the new SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, in a similar way to other viral infections - by intensely engaging the immune system. But what if it's weakened?
News Prediabetes as a Risk Factor for Overall Mortality and Development of CVD
Prediabetes represents a glucose metabolism disorder with a high risk of developing diabetes. According to the expert panel of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), this risk is up to 70%. A recently published meta-analysis confirms that prediabetes is a significant risk factor for mortality and the development of cardiovascular (CV) diseases not only in the general population but also in patients with known CV disease, and its treatment should therefore be part of cardiovascular prevention.
News Overview of the Efficacy of the Fixed Combination Aclidinium-Bromide/Formoterol-Fumarate in the Maintenance Treatment of COPD
Fixed combination inhalation medications have become the cornerstone of pharmacotherapy for moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). American authors have published an overview of study results evaluating the efficacy and safety of one of the newest fixed combinations of LABA/LAMA, aclidinium-bromide and formoterol-fumarate (AB/FF), in the maintenance treatment of COPD compared to placebo or other medications. These clinical studies investigated the extent to which regular use of this fixed combination alleviates COPD symptoms, improves lung function, reduces the incidence of exacerbations, and increases exercise tolerance.
News Continuation of Treatment with Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis – Real-World Clinical Practice Data
The oral Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib has been extensively tested in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in numerous international randomized clinical trials. According to a recently published review summarizing retrospective, prospective, and observational studies from real-world clinical practice published in 2018–2020, the treatment duration with tofacitinib is comparable to that with biological disease-modifying drugs.
News Long-term Clinical and Radiological Results of Implantation of Cementless Corail Stem
The Corail femoral stem with extensive hydroxyapatite coating for cementless implantation was introduced to the market several decades ago. The study cited below evaluated the clinical and radiological results of the implantation of this type of stem over a 20-year horizon in patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty.
News Antiviral and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin in the Treatment of COVID-19
Human alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) is a circulating blood glycoprotein that has been used for decades in the treatment of patients with AAT deficiency, lung damage, and emphysema, helping to prevent acute lung injury. Recently, it has been found that AAT also mitigates the course of COVID-19 disease by hindering the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus into host cells. This dual antiviral and anti-inflammatory action makes AAT an excellent candidate for COVID-19 treatment.
News Effect of Trifluridine/Tipiracil Combination Depending on Patient Prognosis
The results of the RECOURSE clinical study were published in 2015 and became an important basis for the approval of the trifluridine/tipiracil combination in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The data obtained in this study were also subjected to several post-hoc analyses. One of these recently brought information on how patient prognosis affects the clinical outcomes of this treatment.
News How Common is Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency?
What is the prevalence of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD)? What comorbidities are associated with it? Are healthcare costs for these patients higher compared to patients with unrelated obstructive lung diseases? Awareness of AATD is low and prevalence data are only indicative. The authors of a study published in the European Respiratory Journal aimed to map this disease in a population of 4 million German insured individuals.
News Impact of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency on Quality of Life and Mental Health of Patients
The clinical manifestation of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and its impact on quality of life are highly heterogeneous. This contribution by pulmonologist Robert Sandhaus summarizes interesting findings from studies on the quality of life of patients with this disease and the factors influencing it.
News Deep stimulation of the globus pallidus improved clinical symptoms in a patient with refractory parkinsonism and genetic mutation
The authors of the presented work studied the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in a patient with Parkinson's disease with a genetic mutation that manifests in early adulthood.
News Alleviation of Asthma and Chronic Sinusitis Symptoms in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis Thanks to Dupilumab
An analysis of results in adult patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis, who also had asthma and/or chronic rhinosinusitis, investigated how clinically and statistically significant the benefit of dupilumab is for all these 3 conditions in comparison with a placebo.
News Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Patients with Secondary Immunodeficiency – Real-World Data
Even in patients with secondary immunodeficiency (SID), immunoglobulin substitution can be indicated. Intravenous (IVIG) therapy is considered effective based on studies, but subcutaneous (SCIG) therapy is only based on experiences with patients having primary immunodeficiency (PID). The Italian study presented below, therefore, investigated the efficacy and safety of SCIG in patients with SID.
News Laboratory Safety of Dupilumab Treatment in Children with Atopic Dermatitis Aged 6 Months to 6 Years
Previous clinical studies in children aged 6–12 years with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis have demonstrated laboratory safety during dupilumab treatment. The randomized study presented below supplements the data for the age group from 6 months to 6 years.
News The World of Viruses is Constantly Evolving and Bringing Us New Surprises
The last decade has been marked by the emergence of new, as well as re-emerging human pathogens responsible for various infectious diseases. Viruses, especially those of zoonotic origin that originate in the wild, are demanding significant attention—and rightly so. This group of viruses currently accounts for 70% of infectious diseases in the human population, with many using animal organisms as vectors (e.g., ticks, mosquitoes) to transport and infect the human body. Human-vector interactions are becoming increasingly common, particularly due to ongoing urbanization, encroachment into previously uninhabited areas, population migration, increasing travel, shrinking distances, and climate change. In the following text, we will look at some specific examples.