Search results: (10000)
News Efficacy and Safety of Preservative-Free Latanoprost in the Treatment of Open-Angle Glaucoma and Elevated Intraocular Pressure – Results of a Meta-Analysis
Many eye drops for the treatment of glaucoma still contain preservatives today. However, these can cause eye irritation, so non-preservative formulations should be preferred. The following meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of antiglaucoma medications with and without preservatives.
News When and why to consider the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis in neurological practice, and what treatment options do we currently have?
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a clinically heterogeneous disease characterized by fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigability that worsens after physical exertion or mental stress. Accurate diagnosis is essential because treatment can lead to permanent remission and full functional capacity of the patient.
News Options for Systemic Therapy of Advanced Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive type of lung tumor. Although it responds well to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, due to the early onset of treatment resistance, the 5-year survival rate is less than 10%. After more than 30 years of very limited progress in treating advanced SCLC patients, immune checkpoint inhibitors (checkpoints) have been introduced to the market, significantly prolonging survival. What are the current recommendations for treating patients with advanced SCLC?
News About Sartans: An Overview with Consideration of Their Position in the Current Coronavirus Situation
Sartans, or AT1 receptor blockers for angiotensin II (ARBs), are among the first-line antihypertensives, along with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi). These are well-tested drugs with a good safety profile. We offer a brief overview of the position of sartans in the current therapeutic strategy, including comments on their possible association with COVID-19, based on the state of knowledge as of early May 2020.
News Relationship between Thyroid Gland Echogenicity and Its Function in Pediatric Patients with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
Hashimoto's (chronic lymphocytic) thyroiditis is the most common cause of acquired hypothyroidism in both adults and pediatric patients in developed countries. The study presented below explored the relationship between thyroid gland (TG) echogenicity observed in ultrasound (US) examinations and its function in patients diagnosed with this condition.
News High-Dose Cyclophosphamide in Hard-to-Treat Patients with B-NHL
For hard-to-treat patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, cyclophosphamide administered in one or two cycles can help bridge the period needed to obtain other effective treatments, as inferred from the work of French authors recently published in the European Journal of Haematology.
News Association of M2 Haplotype of the Annexin A5 Gene with Recurrent Reproductive Losses
Annexin A5 (ANXA5) is a placental anticoagulant protein that ensures adequate blood supply to the fetus during pregnancy, and its deficiency can increase the incidence of vascular thrombosis in the placenta. Current research shows that the M2 haplotype of the ANXA5 gene may be associated with recurrent reproductive losses and obstetric complications due to placental disorders.
News Rapid Diagnosis of Depression in Primary Care Settings
Depression is one of the most commonly occurring psychiatric disorders encountered in general practitioners' offices. The general public also very often uses the term “depression” to mean “bad mood.” Thus, a rapid diagnostic tool to identify “real depression” certainly deserves our attention.
News Variability of COPD Symptoms During the Day and Impact on Patients' Morning Routine – Survey Results
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is viewed, unlike bronchial asthma, as a condition with a more chronic course and less variability of symptoms throughout the day. The study presented below aimed to clarify whether these patients experience deterioration at certain times of the day and how this affects their daily lives.
News Treatment of Cough in Clinical Practice: Which Preparations Are Suitable and When?
In clinical practice, we differentiate the treatment of non-productive and moist productive cough. When choosing appropriate therapy, we consider the characteristics of the available medicinal products, such as sedation, route of administration, potentiation of antibiotic effect, or anti-inflammatory effect. Combining antitussive and expectorant in one dose is irrational in any case. So, how should one proceed in the treatment of cough correctly?
News FDA Warns Against Self-Monitoring Glucose Using Smartwatches. What About in Czechia?
On February 21st, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning aimed at diabetic patients who measure their blood glucose levels (or are considering doing so) using smartwatches or rings. The warning naturally also targeted attending physicians who might encounter this method of non-invasive measurement in their patients. The Czech diabetologists we spoke to have only come across a few cases of this so far. Nevertheless, many of them believe it is necessary to discuss the topic with diabetics preventively and to actively work with those who decide to use such methods.
News When the Cause of Hematomas in Anticoagulated Patients is Not Anticoagulants – Case Report
Not every bleeding during anticoagulation, especially if within the therapeutic range, can be attributed to this treatment. Particularly in older individuals and the presence of typical extensive hematomas, it is necessary to consider another cause, such as acquired hemophilia A. The following case report illustrates how such a case can be detected and what can be done to improve the patient's prognosis.
News Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children and adults
Moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) is accompanied by strong inflammatory processes that can occur anywhere on the skin, intense itching, and pain. The biologic dupilumab is a promising molecule for the treatment of severe forms of this condition – results from a recently published meta-analysis indicate that this therapy is not only effective but also well-tolerated by patients.
News Concise and Practical Recommendations for Optimal Care of Dental Prostheses
Millions of people around the world use full or partial dental prostheses. However, there are no standardized global procedures with guidelines on how to care for dental prostheses. Dentists and professional organizations, however, agree on one thing – the prosthesis must be cleaned regularly. The following practical recommendations are based on existing evidence and clinical studies that outline the best practices for cleaning dental prostheses.
News Effect of 3 Different Doses of Trazodone on QT Interval Length
Patients diagnosed with depression often also suffer from cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure. Given the increased risk of death in such comorbid patients, the safety and efficacy of the antidepressant must be considered when choosing one.
News Etiology of Recurrent Reproductive Losses – Focus on Genetics
Repeated pregnancy losses pose a significant threat to a woman's physical and mental health. The etiology of up to half of these cases remains unexplained, and recurrent reproductive losses are considered a complex disease. We provide a brief overview of the current knowledge on their possible etiology and genetic correlations, both on the part of the mother and father.
News How to Save a Leg from Amputation?
Feared complications in diabetics include defects in typical locations on the lower limbs. Their presence and frequent recurrences increase the risk of possible amputation of varying degrees, mainly depending on the involvement of deep structures, i.e., tendons, joint capsules, joints, and bones. How can this scenario be avoided? One answer might be HydroTherapy.
News Venotonics in Hemorrhoid Therapy – Results of a Systematic Review
Hemorrhoids are among the most common pathological findings in the anorectal area, and their incidence increases with age. Various modalities are used in the treatment of this condition, which has unpleasant health and psychological complications, aiming to alleviate the symptoms. Widely used and very popular are so-called venotonics, a large group of drugs and dietary supplements, mostly of natural origin, including diosmin.
News Alopecia Areata – Autoimmune Inflammatory Disease and a New Targeted Treatment Option
Alopecia areata (AA) is one of the non-scarring focal alopecias. It is an autoimmune disease of the hair follicle, the etiopathogenesis of which is not entirely understood. At the hair root, a lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate develops, resulting in follicle miniaturization and the growth of a thin dystrophic hair. Recently, however, a new strategy for the treatment of AA has emerged, focusing on reducing inflammation of the hair follicle by inhibiting Janus kinases (JAK). This is the first therapeutic modality officially approved for this indication.
News Long-term Safety of Dupilumab in Adult Patients with Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis
Moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD) often requires systemic therapy. The long-term safety of dupilumab in patients with this condition was evaluated in an open-label extension (OLE) of the LIBERTY AD study, the results of which were recently published.
News Deficit dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase and its association with 5-fluorouracil toxicity
Deficit dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is a risk factor for severe toxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Below, we summarize current knowledge regarding the identification of patients with pathogenic variants of the DPYD gene and study results concerning the safety of therapy with respect to dose individualization based on genotyping.
News Fixed combinations of Enerzair® and Atecura® may improve asthma treatment
The newly approved fixed triple combination Enerzair® and the fixed dual combination Atectura® have demonstrated improvements in lung function and a reduction in exacerbations in previously uncontrolled asthma patients. Administering once daily using the Breezhaler® inhaler along with the possibility of connecting a digital aid aims, among other things, to facilitate usage and proper adherence to the treatment.