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News Current Therapy Options for Interstitial Lung Diseases
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by inflammatory or fibrotic changes in the lung parenchyma. Simply put, they can be divided into inflammatory and fibrotic, with inflammatory ILDs often progressing to a fibrotic stage. Interstitial lung diseases are also associated with high morbidity and early mortality. The following text briefly summarizes the current recommendations regarding the therapy for these diseases.
News Nutritional Therapy for Critically Ill Patients in the ICU – Current Recommendations
Critically ill patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) require nutritional support to maintain adequate energy intake. Only by doing so can their clinical condition be prevented from worsening. Therefore, we summarize the current recommendations regarding nutritional therapy as part of care in the ICU in the following text.
News Glucagon for Intranasal Application Newly Available Also in the Czech Republic
Intramuscular administration of glucagon was until recently the only option for acute treatment of hypoglycemia with impaired consciousness at home. However, since July this year, the Baqsimi product – glucagon for intranasal application – is newly available in the Czech Republic.
News Variability of COPD Symptoms During the Day and Impact on Patients' Morning Routine – Survey Results
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is viewed, unlike bronchial asthma, as a condition with a more chronic course and less variability of symptoms throughout the day. The study presented below aimed to clarify whether these patients experience deterioration at certain times of the day and how this affects their daily lives.
News How Do Sleep and Depression Influence Each Other?
It is known that most patients with depression encounter some form of sleep disorder. In the following text, we briefly explore the complex relationship between depression and sleep and offer some practical recommendations that can help patients improve their sleep.
News Current European Recommendations for the Treatment of Renal Colic Due to Urolithiasis
At the annual congress in Milan in 2023, new recommendations from the European Association of Urology (EAU) for the acute treatment of patients with renal colic were presented. We summarize the key points concerning primarily analgesic treatment.
News Possibilities of Using Metamizole in the Treatment of Acute Primary Headaches
The aim of the review article by Brazilian authors was to summarize the efficacy and safety of metamizole in the treatment of acute primary headaches, such as migraine, episodic tension-type headache (ETTH), cluster headache, and unclassified primary pain in adults and children.
News Increase in Thyroid Cancer Incidence Due to the Coronavirus Pandemic?
According to available data, COVID-19 disease does not worsen the course of thyroid cancer. However, the restriction of medical care during the pandemic is associated with concern about an increase in the incidence of this malignant disease and the associated morbidity and mortality.
News Reference Intervals of Prostate Health Index (PHI) in Healthy Men
For more specific prostate cancer screening, apart from prostate-specific antigen (PSA), its free fraction (fPSA) and one of its precursors, [-2]proPSA (p2PSA), are used today. From these parameters, the so-called Prostate Health Index (PHI) can be calculated. However, reference intervals for these parameters in a healthy population were not known until now.
News Metamizole as an Analgesic with a Favorable Benefit-Risk Ratio
Metamizole is a well-established and widely used molecule in many countries worldwide, suitable as an alternative to opioids for patients with moderate to severe acute or chronic pain. The popularity of this drug is associated not only with its efficacy but also with its safety, with no contraindications for patients with cardiovascular, renal, or gastrointestinal comorbidities.
News Metformin in Pregnancy and Its Safety Profile
In Finland, a comprehensive analysis of data from the national registry was conducted to assess whether exposure to metformin during intrauterine development is associated with an increased risk of long-term or short-term health problems.
News Discontinuation of Methotrexate After Initiation of Tofacitinib in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
New real-world data show that in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who started treatment with tofacitinib combined with oral methotrexate (MTX), it is possible to discontinue MTX and achieve the same treatment results as with its continued use, additionally at lower costs.
News Treatment for Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis is Now More Accessible to Czech Patients
Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis is a serious progressive disease that was until recently considered untreatable. In recent years, however, new treatment options targeting the underlying pathology of the disease have emerged, which, along with advances in non-invasive diagnostics, offer patients hope for a longer and better-quality life.
News Through Obstacles to the Stars – Path to Developing a Healthy Gut Microbiota in Children: What Blocks It and What Helps?
The gut microbiota is acquired by an individual during the first 2 years of life. The main source is the mother’s microbiota. Obstacles to the formation of an adequate microbiota include inappropriate composition of the mother’s microbiota, absence of vaginal birth and breastfeeding, as well as artificial feeding and antibiotic treatment in the child. We provide a summary of current findings on the adverse effects of planned cesarean sections on the child’s microbiome, as recently published in Critical Reviews in Microbiology.
News Adjuvant Treatment of Early Invasive HER2+ Breast Cancer − Results of the Katherine Study
Women with breast cancer found to have residual invasive disease during surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and HER2-targeted therapy have a significantly worse prognosis. For these patients, the Czech Oncology Society ČLS JEP recommends adjuvant therapy with trastuzumab emtansine based on data from the Katherine clinical study. However, this treatment has not yet been covered by public health insurance, with reimbursement starting from March 1, 2021.
News Effect of Prostaglandin Analogues With and Without Preservatives on Meibomian Glands in Glaucoma Patients
Prostaglandin analogues (PGA) have become a standard in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma. However, their long-term use may be associated with eye irritation or damage to the Meibomian glands. The study presented below aimed to determine whether these changes are directly caused by PGAs or the preservatives in the eye drops.
News Current Recommendations for Using SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Renal or Cardiovascular Risk
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a serious chronic metabolic disease whose prevalence has been increasing in recent years. Currently, diabetics make up approximately 8−10% of the population. The therapy is traditionally focused primarily on suppressing the development and progression of diabetic complications, but modern antidiabetics have also brought other unprecedented benefits. The following text summarizes the role of gliflozins in the pharmacotherapy of DM2 in light of current recommendations.
News Genetic Testing in Clinical Practice – An Irreplaceable Tool in Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment
Genetic testing has long ceased to be the privilege of clinical research. In practice, it is commonly used for screening, diagnosis, and prognosis determination in diseases with an evident genetic component, and subsequently for tailoring pharmacotherapy to the individual patient. The richest experience with genetic testing belongs to reproductive medicine and the field of prenatal diagnostics, as well as pediatrics associated with rare disease medicine and oncology. Today, the significance of testing is becoming apparent in internal medicine and psychiatry as well.
News Reduction of Enthesitis in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis Taking Tofacitinib
Inflammation in the area where a tendon, ligament, or joint capsule attaches to the bone occurs in 35–50% of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Its presence is associated with higher activity of PsA, and its intensity correlates with the degree of joint damage. Patients with enthesitis are generally in worse functional status and report greater fatigue, pain, and decreased productivity. How can treatment with tofacitinib affect this important domain of PsA?