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News Detection of ceftazidime/avibactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains using a new rapid test
Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) is a relatively new antibiotic with very good efficacy against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Unfortunately, strains resistant to this antimicrobial treatment are now beginning to emerge. The authors of the presented study developed and tested a new laboratory test for the rapid and accurate detection of these multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
News At the Crossroads: 5 Options for Alzheimer's Disease Pharmacotherapy
Currently, we have 5 basic options for the pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease. Is memantine, one of the three cholinesterase inhibitors, or combination therapy the most effective? A review article by Japanese and American authors evaluates the literature on the safety and efficacy of cognitive treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
News MUDr. Marek Štefan: Cooperation With Pharmacists Is Essential in Antibiotic Therapy
In September, the Congress of Clinical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology (KMINE) took place in Hradec Králové. What insights did it bring regarding current and emerging antibiotic therapy? And how might the discussed conclusions translate into everyday antibiotic prescribing? MUDr. Marek Štefan, MBA, from the Department of Infectious Diseases and Travel Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital in Prague, shared his observations on these topics.
News Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Rare Disease with Severe Prognosis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. This rare diffuse primary fibroproliferative involvement of lung tissue is characterized by progressive exertional dyspnea, with antifibrotic treatment being the first-line therapeutic modality.
News Metamizole at a Glance and in Practice – Effective Non-Opioid Analgesic for All Ages
The regular webinar of the General Medicine Society of ČLS JEP this spring, besides addressing the current coronavirus situation, also focused on the issue and treatment of pain in its specialized section. Anesthesiologist MUDr. Jan Lejčko from the Pain Treatment Center at KARIM LF UK and FN Plzeň, Vice-President of the Society for the Study and Treatment of Pain ČLS JEP, concentrated on types of pain and principles and options of treatment, particularly using metamizole, in his lecture.
News Metamizole – wide possibilities of an analgesic with a unique mechanism of action and different routes of administration
Metamizole is a non-addictive pyrazolone analgesic with antipyretic effects, which differs from other non-opioid analgesics by its spasmolytic action. It is indicated in monotherapy and in combinations for the treatment of severe acute and chronic pain. Its high analgesic efficacy is evidenced by a low number of patients needed to treat to achieve at least 50% pain relief in 4-6 hours. The favorable safety profile of metamizole is supported by more than 100 years of clinical experience.
News 10 Properties and Benefits of Gliptins: How They Work and When to Prescribe Them
General practitioners can now prescribe oral antidiabetics from the group of gliptins to patients with type 2 diabetes. Their therapeutic options are significantly expanded in the care of these patients. In the following text, we briefly summarize the mechanism of action of gliptins and their advantages over other oral antidiabetics.
News The Wound Healing Process Step by Step and What Can Complicate It
Proper care of injuries is a fundamental prerequisite for their successful healing. Knowing the individual phases of healing facilitates treatment and helps prevent the most common complications.
News How to Detect COPD Early in Primary Care?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be present even in individuals without obvious subjective symptoms, or the emerging symptoms may be overlooked by both the patient and the doctor due to their very gradual development. So, what is the path to early detection of COPD in primary care, and how can this disease be distinguished from others accompanied by similar manifestations?
News State of the Intestinal Microbiome and COVID-19 Infection − Possible Correlations
Some patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus exhibit gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, during the course of COVID-19. Current knowledge suggests that COVID-19 symptoms are related, among other things, to the intestinal microbiome. Could the use of probiotics therefore act as a prevention of this disease or its more severe course?
News Depakine Chrono versus Other Valproates in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is among the most severe psychiatric illnesses, and if not treated properly, it can negatively affect the patient's quality of life. Does switching therapy from other valproates to Depakine Chrono lead to better outcomes in treating this disease? The following study aimed to find the answer to this question.
News More Patients Will Now Have Access to Incontinence Aids
Since December of last year, new rules have been in effect for the prescription of medical aids prescribed through vouchers, including aids for urine collection and voiding. The new rules are governed by the current wording of Act No. 48/1997 Coll., on Public Health Insurance, which also includes a new categorization tree (Appendix No. 3 to the Act).
News Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia and Their Assessment
Schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric disorder with a prevalence of up to 1%. It can manifest with both negative and positive symptoms. We briefly summarize the clinical assessment and rating scales of negative symptoms in the following text.
News Side Effects of Antipsychotics and Patient Preferences in the Treatment of Schizophrenia
Although a number of antipsychotics are currently available, many patients still suffer from unpleasant side effects associated with the treatment of schizophrenia. To determine how individuals with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders perceive antipsychotic treatment, a larger survey was conducted in the USA in 2016.
News Deficit dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase and its association with 5-fluorouracil toxicity
Deficit dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is a risk factor for severe toxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Below, we summarize current knowledge regarding the identification of patients with pathogenic variants of the DPYD gene and study results concerning the safety of therapy with respect to dose individualization based on genotyping.
News Hybrid Cooperating Complexes in Osteoarthritis Treatment
Intra-articular application of corticosteroids and hyaluronic acid is part of the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) in patients for whom oral or topical treatment does not provide sufficient response. The following text addresses the lubricating and protective properties of synovial fluid and the associated choice of suitable intra-articular viscosupplementation, with an emphasis on innovative molecules with high concentrations of hyaluronic acid and low viscosity.
News Diosmin and Hesperidin: What Does Pharmacokinetics Show?
Flavonoids are plant-derived compounds that have a number of beneficial pharmacological effects. Among the most well-known flavonoids, alongside rutin, are diosmin and hesperidin, which are used as venotonics and vasoprotectives in chronic venous insufficiency (CVI).
News The Patient Will Feel Comfortable Only with a Properly Chosen Absorption Aid
While before the approval of the amendment to the Public Health Insurance Act, it was possible to issue a prescription only for one type of aid firmly tied to a particular level of incontinence, now it is allowed to freely combine aids according to the individual needs of the patient. The modern market offers a wide range of aids − but how to choose a product that matches specific needs?
News Monitoring Limits in Prescribing Incontinence Aids is Essential
The amendment to the Public Health Insurance Act, which came into effect in December 2019, brought many changes in the reimbursement of medical aids through prescriptions. The methodology for determining the degree of incontinence has changed, and it is now also possible to combine aids according to the individual needs of the patient. We summarize other novelties related to limits issues in the following text.
News Pregabalin in the Hands of a General Practitioner
A recent Cochrane systematic review by authors from Oxford University examined the effect of pregabalin in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia and diabetic neuropathy – conditions that general practitioners frequently encounter in their practice. Is pregabalin a suitable choice in these indications?
News Treatment of Cough in Clinical Practice: Which Preparations Are Suitable and When?
In clinical practice, we differentiate the treatment of non-productive and moist productive cough. When choosing appropriate therapy, we consider the characteristics of the available medicinal products, such as sedation, route of administration, potentiation of antibiotic effect, or anti-inflammatory effect. Combining antitussive and expectorant in one dose is irrational in any case. So, how should one proceed in the treatment of cough correctly?